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為什么印度女人不如中國(guó)女人有錢

為什么印度女人不如中國(guó)女人有錢

Ryan Bradley 2012-10-15
新書《十萬(wàn)億美元戰(zhàn)利品:贏得中國(guó)及印度的新富階層》(The $10 Trillion Prize: Captivating the Newly Affluent in China and India)的聯(lián)合作者邁克爾?西爾弗斯坦稱:相對(duì)薪酬的改善、受教育程度的提高以及勞動(dòng)人口的老齡化等因素共同作用下,中國(guó)女性2020年的總收入相比本世紀(jì)初將增長(zhǎng)10倍。印度女性就沒(méi)這么幸運(yùn)了。

????這聽(tīng)起來(lái)像是中國(guó)的這種男女平等雖然不完美,但至少是在有計(jì)劃地推行。

????是的。中國(guó)政府制定了“五年計(jì)劃”,也在探討男女平等,不論出身。重要的是他們?cè)谡J(rèn)真地探討這些問(wèn)題,并為之創(chuàng)造機(jī)會(huì)。

????印度聯(lián)邦政府完全不同,它只控制15%的政府支出。省邦具有重要地位,但它們主要被男性政客所掌控,沒(méi)有改變的動(dòng)力。

????西方有一種觀念,認(rèn)為中國(guó)重男輕女嚴(yán)重,特別是隨著計(jì)劃生育政策的執(zhí)行。但中國(guó)女性感覺(jué)就業(yè)更有保障,全球前13位最富有的白手起家女性中就有7位來(lái)自中國(guó),其中4位還不到50歲。我們是不是犯了臆斷的錯(cuò)誤?

????中國(guó)和印度的確都重男輕女。這兩個(gè)國(guó)家的農(nóng)村都存在殺害女嬰,或者直接墮胎、打掉女嬰的現(xiàn)象。這在整個(gè)世界看來(lái)都是一件非??膳碌氖拢@是人口結(jié)構(gòu)事實(shí),主要是中國(guó)和印度的農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)效應(yīng)所造成的。

????中國(guó)仍由男性統(tǒng)治。大多數(shù)政府官員都是50歲以上的男性。但如今女性也可以獲得資本,而且她們接受教育,中國(guó)的男性和女性都相信,他們的未來(lái)是光明的。他們認(rèn)為,現(xiàn)在他們比父輩過(guò)得好,將來(lái)子女會(huì)過(guò)得更好。非常樂(lè)觀。

????作為消費(fèi)者,中國(guó)女性想要什么?她們追求什么?企業(yè)應(yīng)該如何迎合她們?

????她們想要的和美國(guó)上層階級(jí)一樣:一棟漂亮的房子,一輛好車,在鄉(xiāng)下另外有一棟房子,而且她們也想養(yǎng)個(gè)寵物——一條狗,這是顯現(xiàn)富有和地位的招牌。她們喜歡奢侈品和品牌產(chǎn)品。中國(guó)是寶馬(BMW)和梅賽德斯(Mercedes)、耐克(Nike) 和阿迪達(dá)斯(Addidas)增長(zhǎng)最迅速的市場(chǎng),也是蘋果(Apple)的第二大市場(chǎng)。它是品牌公司一個(gè)巨大的市場(chǎng)機(jī)遇。

????而且,她們不止想要一個(gè)孩子。我相信,未來(lái)5年,中國(guó)將放寬計(jì)劃生育政策。

????譯者:早稻米

????So it sounds like, in China, this equality is, if not perfect, at least planned.

????Yes. The Chinese government puts out their 'five years plans' and they talk about how they are going to be gender and origin blind. The important thing here, though, is that they actually talk about it and create opportunities.

????The governments in India are very disparate and only control 15% of expenditure. The states are important, and they are largely populated by male politicians, so there's no force for change.

????There is the perception in the West that China -- especially with its one child policy -- strongly favors men over women. Yet women in china feel greater job security, seven of the top 13 richest self-made women are from China, and four of these are younger than 50 years old. Are we just wrong to assume?

????Both countries do favor boys over girls. And in both, in rural places, girls are killed, aborted. It's a horrible thing for the world, and it's a demographic fact, primarily a rural effect in China and India.

????China is still ruled by men. Most of the government officials are men over 50 years old. But women now have access to capital, and they are educated, and men and women in China believe their futures are bright. They believe they are doing better than their parents, and their children will do better. There's a great sense of optimism.

????What do Chinese women, as consumers, want? What are they looking for? How should companies court them?

????They want the same thing the upper class in America wants: a nice house, a nice car, a second home in the country, and they want a pet -- a dog, which is an extreme statement of wealth and prestige. They love luxury goods and branded items. China is the fastest growing market for BMW and Mercedes, Nike (NKE) and Addidas, and it's Apple's (AAPL) second largest market. It's a profound marketing opportunity for companies with heritage.

????Also, they want to have more than one child. My belief is that over the next five years, the one child policy is going to relax.

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