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音樂(lè)節(jié)的生財(cái)之道

音樂(lè)節(jié)的生財(cái)之道

Melissa Locker 2013-07-05
如今名目繁多的音樂(lè)節(jié)層出不窮,而且規(guī)模越來(lái)越大,觀(guān)眾動(dòng)則上十萬(wàn)人,有些音樂(lè)節(jié)甚至已經(jīng)形成強(qiáng)烈的品牌效應(yīng)。一句話(huà),音樂(lè)節(jié)已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)規(guī)模龐大的產(chǎn)業(yè)。主辦方、贊助商、參演的音樂(lè)人自然笑逐顏開(kāi),但樂(lè)迷其實(shí)也得到了實(shí)惠,花一小筆錢(qián)就能現(xiàn)場(chǎng)感受音樂(lè)的魅力。

????Mad Decent Block Party音樂(lè)節(jié)起源于在Mad Decent唱片公司費(fèi)城辦事處所處街區(qū)舉辦的一個(gè)派對(duì)活動(dòng),它今年首次銷(xiāo)售演出門(mén)票。正是這個(gè)舉措讓這個(gè)致力于進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大規(guī)模的音樂(lè)節(jié)得以在13個(gè)城市舉行了巡回演出。從免費(fèi)變?yōu)槭燮笨赡軙?huì)讓粉絲感到失望,但這也是Mad Decent公司拉來(lái)贊助商以維系低票價(jià)的原因所在?!捌骄眱r(jià)是30美元,最早賣(mài)出的門(mén)票售價(jià)20美元。在一些更大規(guī)模的音樂(lè)節(jié)上,80到300美元的門(mén)票很常見(jiàn),”組織方之一TMWRK公司的安德魯?麥克因尼斯說(shuō)。“這種低票價(jià)全靠贊助維持。我們百般努力,為的是讓樂(lè)迷們買(mǎi)得起入場(chǎng)券?!?/p>

????“現(xiàn)在與幾年前的情形有所不同,人們不再介意贊助商的存在了,”Windish Agency經(jīng)紀(jì)公司的薩姆?亨特這樣說(shuō)道。這家公司從一開(kāi)始就參與Mad Decent Block Party音樂(lè)節(jié)的預(yù)定和營(yíng)銷(xiāo)工作?!案邇r(jià)門(mén)票會(huì)把我們的核心粉絲群擋在外邊,但票價(jià)越低,粉絲們就越容易接受?!?/p>

????Mad Decent Block Party音樂(lè)節(jié)與制作人兼歌手迪布洛的良好關(guān)系也發(fā)揮了作用,因?yàn)橄窆R姆搖擺舞(Harlem Shake)DJ二人組Flosstradamus和Baauer等音樂(lè)人都愿意降低身價(jià),友情出演,而這個(gè)音樂(lè)節(jié)的頭牌人物通常則是迪布洛或者他的樂(lè)隊(duì)Major Lazer。過(guò)去,歌手們都是免費(fèi)演出,但麥克因尼斯指出,“售票演出意味著每個(gè)人今年都獲得了酬勞。”亨特急忙補(bǔ)充說(shuō):“每個(gè)人都有錢(qián)拿,但沒(méi)有人發(fā)大財(cái)?!?/p>

????西雅圖的雨傘音樂(lè)節(jié)(Bumbershoot)對(duì)此也深有體會(huì)。這個(gè)每年勞動(dòng)節(jié)在西雅圖市中心舉行的音樂(lè)節(jié)依然恪守著自1971年創(chuàng)建以來(lái)一直堅(jiān)持的非營(yíng)利準(zhǔn)則?!吧鲜兰o(jì)70年代和80年代,音樂(lè)節(jié)是侵犯版權(quán)者和狂人們的天地。但到了90年代和21世紀(jì)初,企業(yè)界的其他公司也開(kāi)始參與,音樂(lè)節(jié)現(xiàn)在就是一門(mén)生意,”雨傘音樂(lè)節(jié)制作商O(píng)ne Reel公司的執(zhí)行董事喬恩?斯通笑著說(shuō)。

????“雨傘音樂(lè)節(jié)在上世紀(jì)80年代中期率先采用了公司贊助的方式,但我們拉贊助的目的在于維持低票價(jià)。如果你對(duì)比一下雨傘和其他音樂(lè)節(jié)的票價(jià),你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)我們一直懷抱著一個(gè)愿望,那就是盡可能地消除入場(chǎng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)門(mén)檻?!?/p>

????斯通還指出,對(duì)于雨傘音樂(lè)節(jié)來(lái)說(shuō),非營(yíng)利性“是一種理念,而不是為了享受稅收優(yōu)惠政策。”他補(bǔ)充說(shuō):“入場(chǎng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)門(mén)檻是音樂(lè)界目前面臨的一大難題,特別是一些大型音樂(lè)節(jié)。這就是我們?yōu)槭裁幢M全力維持低價(jià)的原因?!彼雇ü烙?jì),在雨傘音樂(lè)節(jié)的收入中,門(mén)票銷(xiāo)售約占60%,贊助費(fèi)約占30% ,其他收入來(lái)自各種特許權(quán)和商攤使用費(fèi)。然而,組織者并沒(méi)有一門(mén)心思地賺錢(qián),而是全身心地為參與者提供精彩的藝術(shù)表演,這也是西雅圖市政府創(chuàng)辦這個(gè)音樂(lè)節(jié)的目的。作為一個(gè)城市音樂(lè)節(jié),他們還注重推出本地人才?!拔覀儼讶种坏囊魳?lè)表演場(chǎng)地留給本地人才,”斯通指出?!拔覀兿胫С直镜匾魳?lè)人,通過(guò)這個(gè)音樂(lè)節(jié)讓樂(lè)迷們關(guān)注西雅圖本地的音樂(lè)人?!?/p>

????麥克勒莫爾和瑞恩?劉易斯就是通過(guò)這個(gè)音樂(lè)節(jié)獲得成功的。在雨傘音樂(lè)節(jié)的小舞臺(tái)上表演了數(shù)年之后,他們?nèi)ツ陸{借著單曲《舊貨店》(Thrift Shop)登上了大舞臺(tái)。這對(duì)組合已經(jīng)創(chuàng)造了歷史:他們成為有史以來(lái)第一對(duì)有兩首單曲位居Billboard Hot 100排行榜前兩位的歌唱二人組。所以說(shuō),音樂(lè)節(jié)絕對(duì)是筆好買(mǎi)賣(mài)。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))

????譯者:任文科

????This year marks the first year that the Mad Decent Block Party – a festival that started as an actual block party outside of record label Mad Decent's office in Philadelphia – has charged money and issued tickets for their shows. It's a move that has allowed the festival to expand into a 13-city roving tour with an eye on even more growth. Turning a free event into a ticketed one can frustrate fans, though, which is why Mad Decent has worked with sponsors to keep ticket prices low. "The average price of our tickets is $30, and the early bird ticket was $20. At some of the larger festivals, that would easily be an $80 to $300 dollar ticket," said Andrew McInnes of TMWRK, who helped organize the event. "That's all due to sponsorships. We make an effort to make it affordable."

????"People don't mind sponsorship as much as they would have a few years ago," said Sam Hunt from the Windish Agency, which has been involved with booking and marketing the Mad Decent Block Party rom the beginning. "A high ticket price would keep out our core fanbase, but the cheaper the ticket, the easier it is for fans to accept."

????Their affiliation with producer/musician Diplo's Mad Decent label helps, as well, because artists like DJ duo Flosstradamus and Baauer of "Harlem Shake" fame are willing to contribute their services at a reduced cost, and the festival's headliner is typically Diplo or his band, Major Lazer. In the past, artists played for free, but according to McInnes, "A ticketed event means everyone gets paid this year." Hunt hurried to add, "Everyone gets paid, but no one's getting rich. "

????It's something that Seattle's Bumbershoot understands well. The festival, which takes over the city's downtown every Labor Day, remains true to its nonprofit core, which dates back to when Bumbershoot started in 1971. "In the '70s and '80s, festivals were the realm of pirates and crazy people, but as time went on in the late '90s and 2000s the rest of the corporate world has caught up and now it's just business," Jon Stone, executive director of One Reel, the producer of Bumbershoot, laughed.

????"Bumbershoot pioneered corporate sponsorship in the mid-'80s, but we used sponsorship to keep ticket prices low. If you look at the price of Bumbershoot versus other festivals, we've stayed true to that desire to eliminate economic barriers to entries."

????Stone also noted that for Bumbershoot, being nonprofit "is a philosophy, not a tax status." He added, "Economic barriers to entry are real things in the industry these days, especially at larger festivals. That's why we keep ticket prices as low as we can." Stone estimates that ticket sales make up about 60% of Bumbershoot's revenues with sponsorship accounting for 30% and assorted concessions and vendors making up the rest. However, instead of focusing on profits, the organization focuses on exposing attendees to the arts, which was the City of Seattle's mission when they started the festival. As a city festival, they also focus on local talent. "We reserve about a third of our musical programmatic space for local acts," Snow noted. "We want to champion local artists and use the festival to shine the spotlight on local artists."

????Among their success stories is Macklemore and Ryan Lewis, who played Bumbershoot's small stages for years before moving to the main stage last year on the strength of their song "Thrift Shop." The group made history when they became the first duo ever to have their first two singles top the Billboard Hot 100 charts. That is definitely good business.

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