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印度蓄勢引爆創(chuàng)業(yè)潮

印度蓄勢引爆創(chuàng)業(yè)潮

Anika Gupta 2013-07-31
印度基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施落后,資金不足,創(chuàng)業(yè)活動受到嚴重制約。但現(xiàn)在,情況正在發(fā)生改變。印度年輕人的創(chuàng)業(yè)熱情空前高漲,各類創(chuàng)業(yè)孵化器不斷涌現(xiàn),面向創(chuàng)業(yè)公司的投資活動也越來越活躍,各方正在努力推動印度國內(nèi)創(chuàng)業(yè)高潮的形成。

????印度的初創(chuàng)型企業(yè)在種子期過后獲取資金的難度更大。創(chuàng)業(yè)者迪普?卡拉說:“資金缺口出現(xiàn)了位移?,F(xiàn)在公司和投資方都在問:‘這些創(chuàng)業(yè)者得到了起步階段資金,他們發(fā)展的還不夠嗎?’”卡拉在2000年建立了旅游預(yù)約網(wǎng)站MakeMyTrip。他是獲得成功的創(chuàng)業(yè)者之一,但他的經(jīng)歷并非一帆風(fēng)順。2010年,這家公司在納斯達克市場上市。此后,納斯達克市場再也沒有出現(xiàn)過其他印度科技公司的身影,MakeMyTrip也因為印度航空業(yè)急劇滑坡而陷入了困境。

????卡拉說,和他剛開始創(chuàng)業(yè)時相比,印度的創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)境已經(jīng)成熟了很多?,F(xiàn)在,卡拉是一名活躍的天使投資人,從事非旅游類風(fēng)險投資。他還是創(chuàng)業(yè)者組織TiE的印度分部負責(zé)人。但印度還有很長的路要走??ɡf,印度的問題在很大程度上來自于“預(yù)期錯配”。投資者期望看到本國的初創(chuàng)型企業(yè)像美國同類公司那樣實現(xiàn)飛速增長。但在印度,由于基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施匱乏,增長需要更長的時間。他指出:“在印度,一家公司發(fā)展成型需要10年時間,而在美國也許只要5年?!?/p>

????但至少媒體都在聆聽創(chuàng)業(yè)者的聲音。施拉德哈?夏爾馬曾是一名新聞記者,她在2008年建立了網(wǎng)站YourStory.in,以創(chuàng)業(yè)者的事跡為主要內(nèi)容。夏爾馬放棄了電視臺的工作,開始專門撰寫新興企業(yè)故事。她還從孟買搬到了印度的IT行業(yè)中心班加羅爾。

????目前,她把YourStory描述為一家“舒適、可以持續(xù)發(fā)展”的公司,擁有25名員工。他們的網(wǎng)站每天介紹10到15家初創(chuàng)型企業(yè)。4月份他們舉辦了一次人才招聘會。據(jù)他們自己所說,這是“印度第一個初創(chuàng)型企業(yè)招聘會”。約50家公司參加了招聘,每家交費5萬印度盧比(約6177元人民幣)。這次招聘會吸引了近4000名求職者,幾乎超過了會場的容納能力。

????夏馬爾說:“當(dāng)時的場面很瘋狂。”目前她正打算在其他地方舉辦同樣的招聘會。至少,對初創(chuàng)型公司的熱情是如此的高漲,以至于這種熱情幾乎已經(jīng)變成了一種常態(tài)?!霸诎嗉恿_爾,人們都說在每幢租出去的房子里都能找到擁有初創(chuàng)型企業(yè)或者所創(chuàng)立的公司已經(jīng)開始運轉(zhuǎn)的人。它已經(jīng)成為一個主流現(xiàn)象。”(財富中文網(wǎng))

????譯者:Charlie??

????The bigger problem for Indian startups is securing the funding that comes after the seed round. "The chasm has shifted," says entrepreneur Deep Kalra. "Now companies and funds are saying, 'These guys got early stage [funding], but have they grown enough?'" In 2000, Kalra founded MakeMyTrip, an online travel reservation site. He's one of the success stories, but it hasn't been easy. The company had its IPO on the Nasdaq in 2010. Since then, no other Indian tech company has had a Nasdaq IPO, but MakeMyTrip struggled after a dramatic downturn in the Indian airline industry.

????Kalra says the startup world is much more mature than it was when he started -- he is now an active angel investor in non-travel ventures and heads the Indian chapter of TiE, an organization for entrepreneurs. But India has a long way to go. Much of the problem, he says, lies in an "expectation mismatch." Investors expect to see the sharp growth that they see among American startups. In India, a lack of infrastructure means growth takes longer. "In India, it takes 10 years to grow a business that might take five years in the U.S.," he says.

????But at least the media are listening. Shradha Sharma, a former journalist, founded YourStory.in in 2008 to feature the tales of entrepreneurs. She quit her job with a TV channel and started writing about new businesses full-time. She moved from Mumbai to India's IT hub, Bangalore.

????Today, she describes YourStory as a "comfortable, sustainable" business with 25 employees. Their site profiles 10 to 15 startups daily, and in April they held what they called "India's first startup job fair." Around 50 companies paid Rs. 50,000 each (~$1000) for a spot at the fair. Nearly 4,000 job seekers showed up, threatening to overwhelm the venue.

????"It was insane," says Sharma, who's now looking to recreate the event elsewhere. The enthusiasm for startups, at least, is so intense that it's almost become mundane. "In Bangalore, we say that in every second house you'll find someone who has a startup or has started up. It's become mainstream."

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