????USAID太子港辦事處的副主任史蒂夫?奧列佛曾經(jīng)與比爾和梅琳達(dá)蓋茨基金會(huì)（the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation）一起推動(dòng)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目在海地的啟動(dòng)，他說(shuō)：“移動(dòng)錢包在海地的推出是一個(gè)巨大的成功。它使那些之前接觸不到銀行系統(tǒng)的人也能用上金融產(chǎn)品了。”

????Tcho Tcho在當(dāng)?shù)氐目死飱W爾語(yǔ)里的意思是“零花錢”的意思。最新版本的TchoTcho是在2011年的海地7.0級(jí)大地震后推出的。

????國(guó)內(nèi)匯款、工資支付和基本的銀行服務(wù)是Tcho Tcho占領(lǐng)的第一個(gè)陣地。事實(shí)很快證明，它讓海地人擁有了隨時(shí)隨地通過(guò)手機(jī)向他人匯款的能力，而不需要用銀行作為中介，因此它很快成了一款殺手級(jí)應(yīng)用。而在過(guò)去，人們必須要在銀行排起長(zhǎng)隊(duì)，還得支付昂貴的電匯費(fèi)用，才能把現(xiàn)金匯給國(guó)內(nèi)的家人或某個(gè)朋友。而現(xiàn)在，海地人最多可以通過(guò)手機(jī)支付25美元，同時(shí)只要繳納15美分的短信費(fèi)用。（為了提高使用率，Digicel允許用戶每天可以免費(fèi)匯款三次，每次最多匯2.5美元。）

????國(guó)內(nèi)匯款已經(jīng)成了海地Digicel公司最重要的一項(xiàng)業(yè)務(wù)，每年通過(guò)Tcho Tcho平臺(tái)接收和匯出的資金達(dá)到了9.6億美元。

????發(fā)展到現(xiàn)在，這項(xiàng)服務(wù)已經(jīng)涵蓋了移動(dòng)繳費(fèi)、定點(diǎn)購(gòu)物等服務(wù)，而且在西聯(lián)（Western Union）等中間機(jī)構(gòu)的幫助下，用戶很快還將可以通過(guò)手機(jī)接收海外匯款。

????不過(guò)最近一年里，TchoTcho最大的成就在于它還能夠發(fā)放人道主義援助，而這個(gè)功能已經(jīng)改善了好幾萬(wàn)人的生活。它早期參與的一些項(xiàng)目包括美國(guó)國(guó)際開(kāi)發(fā)署的“食物換和平”計(jì)劃以及聯(lián)合國(guó)發(fā)起的旨在幫海地人維修房屋的CARMEN項(xiàng)目，另外還有海地政府發(fā)起的Ti Manman Cheri項(xiàng)目，主要是向家里有學(xué)生的貧困婦女發(fā)放生活補(bǔ)助。

????這些項(xiàng)目中，受幫助者都獲得了一部手機(jī)和一個(gè)TchoTcho賬戶，而且賬戶內(nèi)每月都可以自動(dòng)收到電子代金券。他們可以使用這些代金券換取食雜品和其它日用品，這樣一來(lái)就避免了災(zāi)民擠爆物資配送中心或是排長(zhǎng)隊(duì)、物資被盜或被侵吞的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

????TchoTcho是Digicel集團(tuán)旗下最先進(jìn)的移動(dòng)錢包解決方案，它是否會(huì)在其它國(guó)家推出呢？它是否會(huì)在全球范圍內(nèi)成為一種自動(dòng)化提供社會(huì)救助和人道救援的新模式？夏普說(shuō)：“海地是一個(gè)孵化器，我們?cè)谶@里學(xué)到的經(jīng)驗(yàn)也將會(huì)被應(yīng)用到其他國(guó)家?！?/p>

????摩根大通的斯坦菲爾德認(rèn)為：“一旦他們推出了一項(xiàng)成功的服務(wù)，Digice通常會(huì)嘗試把它復(fù)制到其他市場(chǎng)?！?/p>

????夏普的海地妻子保拉上個(gè)月剛給他生了一個(gè)兒子，取名叫昆丁。夏普要想讓TchoTcho的服務(wù)像它標(biāo)志性的橙色雨傘一樣在海地?zé)o所不在，就必須要把本地代理零售商網(wǎng)絡(luò)的規(guī)模至少擴(kuò)大到現(xiàn)在的三倍。要想在九個(gè)月里達(dá)到這個(gè)目標(biāo)，對(duì)于海地這樣一個(gè)充斥著不安定因素的國(guó)家來(lái)說(shuō)，不知道是否太難了？

????夏普說(shuō)：“Digicel是一個(gè)營(yíng)銷機(jī)器，我們總是能找到實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的方法?！保ㄘ?cái)富中文網(wǎng)）

????譯者：樸成奎??

????"The fact that a mobile wallet was launched at all in Haiti is a huge success," says Steve Olive, deputy director of USAID's Port-au-Prince office, who helped jumpstart the initiative along with the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. "It's making financial products available to people who were previously outside the banking system."

????The latest version of TchoTcho -- which means "pocket money" in the local Creole dialect -- was launched in 2011 in the wake of the devastation surrounding the 7.0-magnitude earthquake.

????Domestic money transfers, payroll, and basic banking services were first to go live. It immediately became apparent that giving Haitians the ability to instantly transfer money from one mobile phone to another -- anywhere in the country without a banking intermediary -- was a killer app. Whereas before, people had to endure long bank lines and pay for expensive wire transfers to send cash from the city to family or a friend in the country, Haitians could now remit up to $25 with a few simple text commands for just 15 cents. (To boost adoption rates, Digicel allows customers to transfer up to $2.50 three times a day for free.)

????Domestic transfers have become a huge hit for Digicel Haiti, with $960 million being sent and received each year on the TchoTcho platform.

????The service has since expanded to include mobile bill-payment and point-of-sale purchases and will soon allow customers to receive international remittances on their handsets, bypassing middlemen such as Western Union.

????But it's the ability to distribute humanitarian aid that is perhaps TchoTcho 's biggest accomplishment of the last 12 months because it is has already changed tens of thousands of lives. The USAID's Food for Peace and the UN's CARMEN program for housing repair are among the early adopters, along with the Haitian government's Ti Manman Cheri, which pays a monthly stipend to poor women who keep their children in school.

????In all cases recipients are provided with a mobile phone and a TchoTcho account so they can automatically receive monthly e-vouchers that they redeem for groceries or other supplies, circumventing distribution centers, long lines, and risk of theft or misappropriation. "E-vouchers keep things much tighter because you can track how aid is spent," says Karl O'Conner, a Dubliner in charge of special projects. "If you distribute cash, there are no guarantees."

????Will TchoTcho, Digicel Group's most advanced mobile-wallet solution to date, be rolled out in other countries where it does business? And could it become the model for the automated distribution of social and humanitarian aid worldwide? "Haiti is an incubator," says Sharpe. "What we learn here will be used in other countries."

????Says J.P. Morgan's Steinfeld: "Once they introduce a successful service, Digicel Group will usually try to replicate it in other markets."

????In the meantime Sharpe, whose Haitian wife Paula last month gave birth to son Quentin, has to figure out how to expand his network of agent retailers by a factor of at least three. That's what it will take if TchoTcho is to become as ubiquitous as the orange Digicel umbrellas that protect company reps selling airtime from the hot Port-au-Prince sun. Is that too big a mountain to climb in nine short months in a country with few sure bets?

????"Digicel is a marketing machine," says Sharpe. "We always find a way to get where we need to be."??