????凱利藍(lán)皮書(shū)（Kelley Blue Book）高級(jí)分析師亞歷克?古鐵雷斯說(shuō)：“我們現(xiàn)在處于未知的領(lǐng)域。這無(wú)疑是一種獨(dú)特的方法，也是一種精明的策略（如果不考慮負(fù)面影響的話）。”

????古特雷斯表示，如果特斯拉尋求同時(shí)建設(shè)兩個(gè)工廠，無(wú)疑將面臨更高的前期成本。“但是我猜測(cè)，他們已經(jīng)進(jìn)行了計(jì)算。他們預(yù)期的優(yōu)惠方案應(yīng)該不只是抵消前期成本?！?/p>

????提供成百上千份高收入工作機(jī)會(huì)的前景使得各州和各城市陷入了激烈的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，紛紛提供更具吸引力的激勵(lì)方案。

????位于華盛頓特區(qū)的非盈利組織“好工作優(yōu)先”（Good Jobs First）的研究分析師利?麥克埃爾韋尼指出，各州也許會(huì)主動(dòng)提出承擔(dān)崗位培訓(xùn)成本，投資基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，實(shí)施不動(dòng)產(chǎn)稅退稅，企業(yè)所得稅抵免和能源補(bǔ)貼等。

????麥克埃爾韋尼表示，截至目前，尚未獲得更多關(guān)于潛在優(yōu)惠方案的信息，或許入選的四個(gè)州都在等待對(duì)手主動(dòng)退出。

????她說(shuō)：“遺憾的是，對(duì)廣大的納稅者而言，這類(lèi)交易的談判通常都是秘密談判。公眾在交易最終達(dá)成之前幾乎一無(wú)所知。”

????上個(gè)月，亞利桑那州立法機(jī)構(gòu)批準(zhǔn)為計(jì)劃使用可再生能源的公司提供能源補(bǔ)貼。麥克埃爾韋尼表示，不同于各州為主要制造業(yè)務(wù)提供的傳統(tǒng)電力補(bǔ)貼，能源補(bǔ)貼對(duì)特斯拉而言極具吸引力。《圣安東尼奧新聞快報(bào)》（the San Antonio Express News ）援引兩位匿名人士的消息報(bào)道，圣安東尼奧市已經(jīng)為特斯拉提供了約為8億美元的本地激勵(lì)方案。但是，政府官員目前還沒(méi)有公開(kāi)確認(rèn)這個(gè)數(shù)字。

????內(nèi)華達(dá)州和新墨西哥州則都選擇了保持沉默。

????麥克埃爾韋尼表示，一次新建兩個(gè)工廠就好比“敲鑼打鼓地激怒一個(gè)人，就好像當(dāng)眾把新娘晾在圣壇上?！?/p>

????新墨西哥州曾經(jīng)扮演過(guò)被遺棄的準(zhǔn)新娘。2007年，特斯拉決定在阿爾伯克基建設(shè)汽車(chē)生產(chǎn)工廠，但后來(lái)又改變主意，選擇了加州。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))

????譯者：?jiǎn)虡?shù)靜/汪皓

????"We're in uncharted waters here," said Alec Gutierrez, senior analyst at Kelley Blue Book. "This is certainly a unique approach, and -- not in a negative way -- a very shrewd tactic as well."

????Tesla will undoubtedly have much higher upfront costs if it pursues two sites at the same time, Gutierrez said. "But my guess is they've done the math, and the concessions package they're expecting will more than offset those costs."

????The promise of hundreds of high-paying jobs can create a bidding war between states and even municipalities, each one trying to offer a sweeter package of incentives.

????States might offer to cover job training costs, invest in infrastructure, property tax abatements, corporate income tax credits, and energy subsidies, said Leigh McIlvaine, research analyst with Good Jobs First, a Washington, D.C.-based non-profit.

????So far, little information has trickled out about potential concession packages, and it's possible that the four states being considered are waiting each other out, McIlvaine said.

????"Unfortunately for the taxpaying public, negotiations for these types of deals are very often performed in secret, and the public doesn't learn about it until the deal is struck," she said.

????Arizona lawmakers approved energy subsidies last month targeted towards companies that plan to use renewable energy. These subsidies would be attractive for Tesla, she said, unlike conventional electricity subsidies usually considered by states for major manufacturing deals, which would not be. The city of San Antonio has reportedly offered Tesla a package of local incentives estimated to be around $800 million, according to a report from the San Antonio Express News that used two unnamed sources. However, government officials have yet to publicly confirm those numbers, McIlvaine said.

????Nevada and New Mexico remain quiet.

????Pursuing two sites at once seems like a "phenomenal way to piss someone off," McIlvain said. "It's sort of like leaving a bride at the altar."

????New Mexico has played the jilted bride-to-be before. In 2007, Tesla chose Albuquerque for its auto manufacturing plant, but then changed its mind and decided to move production to California instead.