????我感覺許多行業(yè)都在熱情擁抱大數(shù)據(jù)——比如制造業(yè)和金融服務(wù)業(yè)，因?yàn)槿藗円呀?jīng)有了熟練操作計(jì)算機(jī)的能力。但是我覺得人們急著想要看到的是，大數(shù)據(jù)應(yīng)用在他們的生活中會(huì)給他們帶來哪些好處。他們對大數(shù)據(jù)還是比較關(guān)心的，而且他們確實(shí)只想享受大數(shù)據(jù)給他們帶來的好處。這需要做大量的工作。而現(xiàn)在的數(shù)據(jù)學(xué)家還是太少了，像Hadoop這樣的公司更是鳳毛麟角，你還得需要一個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)專業(yè)的研究生來把這些東西建立起來。大數(shù)據(jù)已經(jīng)從根本上改變了數(shù)據(jù)儲(chǔ)存的單位比特成本，這是一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)性的變化。

????現(xiàn)在圍繞大數(shù)據(jù)已經(jīng)能清晰地看到一個(gè)“啞鈴”態(tài)勢的形成。服務(wù)業(yè)和信息密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)等具有大量知識(shí)型員工的行業(yè)明顯會(huì)從大數(shù)據(jù)中獲得巨大的效益。還有零售業(yè)、酒店業(yè)、股票交易……如果你有發(fā)現(xiàn)趨勢的能力，你就能發(fā)現(xiàn)你所在業(yè)務(wù)的分界點(diǎn)，然后采取相應(yīng)措施。如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)了如何利用市場中的某些事件隨勢而動(dòng)，那么你肯定可以把它轉(zhuǎn)化成現(xiàn)金。這就是啞鈴的其中一端。

????啞鈴的另一端是工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。我覺得它特別特別的有趣。通用電氣公司（GE）有一篇文章寫道，你不僅要能賣飛機(jī)引擎，還要賣飛機(jī)引擎的周邊價(jià)值。所以要圍繞大數(shù)據(jù)激發(fā)一些行動(dòng)。比如對于通用電氣來說，就是對已經(jīng)賣出去的引擎做預(yù)防性的維護(hù)。這個(gè)理念對通用電氣、西門子（Siemens）以及其它任何一家制造企業(yè)都具有重大意義。你可能認(rèn)為大數(shù)據(jù)只是知識(shí)方面的一項(xiàng)業(yè)務(wù)，但是在工業(yè)方面，它也是一個(gè)非常有意思的“啞鈴”。

????但對于其他行業(yè)來說……你能預(yù)測時(shí)尚行業(yè)的趨勢和流行的顏色嗎？什么元素可以讓一季時(shí)裝獲得成功？或許大數(shù)據(jù)能做到。另外一部好電影就是一部好電影，大數(shù)據(jù)本身造就不了一部好電影。有時(shí)你只能一步一個(gè)腳印地創(chuàng)造一些東西。一本好書，一部電影，只有到了上架上映的時(shí)候才知道好不好?！皢♀彙崩碚摽雌饋矸浅Ｕ镜米∧_。

????那么我們是否應(yīng)該告訴有些企業(yè)：“大數(shù)據(jù)不適合你”？

????我們應(yīng)該搞清楚這個(gè)問題。因?yàn)槿绻覀儾桓闱宄?，大家?huì)很不高興。你不能讓一個(gè)問題半死不活地吊著，而是要徹底搞定一個(gè)問題。很多人只想立刻上馬搞大數(shù)據(jù)，但是如果你不想投資到一個(gè)有效的水平——那需要一筆重大的投資——而只是蜻蜓點(diǎn)水地投一點(diǎn)錢，就指望收獲巨額回報(bào)，這種好事是不會(huì)發(fā)生的。所以如果你今年沒有足夠的預(yù)算，那么或許你應(yīng)該等等，因?yàn)檫@種技術(shù)會(huì)越來越便宜。所以不妨寬心安坐，最好用軟件即服務(wù)（SaaS）和云應(yīng)用給你的公司打氣，讓你的市場部門放手拼搏。

????從根本上看，企業(yè)的高管就是投資者。高管是做什么的？就像我們的投資人之一本?霍洛維茨說的那樣，他們做的不是事，而是決策。沒什么比一個(gè)半生不熟的大數(shù)據(jù)項(xiàng)目更悲劇了。這樣做只會(huì)讓你對大數(shù)據(jù)的真正效益產(chǎn)生反感和不信任。

????大數(shù)據(jù)市場還有哪些可以進(jìn)入的空白領(lǐng)域？哪些領(lǐng)域或行業(yè)是大數(shù)據(jù)可以輕易征服、但目前仍然是完全敞開的？

????所有這些變化正在把所謂的負(fù)空間（即相連事物之間的空間）變成戰(zhàn)場。如果這些領(lǐng)域不互相交流的話，單是你自己花多少錢沒有意義。但由于發(fā)生了巨大的變化，所以我們看到了很多的負(fù)空間。比如人們正在關(guān)掉傳統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)倉庫，還有我們發(fā)現(xiàn)很多企業(yè)應(yīng)用轉(zhuǎn)移到了云端。Salesforce是這樣做的，Workday做的也很好，另外還有API、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)、數(shù)據(jù)……大數(shù)據(jù)還處于發(fā)展的早期階段，但它很可能將成為有史以來最好的信息來源。你能有多少條形碼？大家肯定會(huì)在工業(yè)方面看到大數(shù)據(jù)的賺錢能力。

????把負(fù)空間結(jié)合在一起是個(gè)大問題。但它們目前仍然是一片空白。我們還有很長的路要走。（財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)）

????譯者：樸成奎

????I feel there is an embrace of big data in many industries -- manufacturing, financial services -- because people have a fluency of computing. But I think what people are anxious for is to see the benefits of big data applied in their lives. They're somewhat concerned. They really just want to get the benefits of it. That needs work. There are too few data scientists. Hadoop is still somewhat of a unicorn -- you still need a graduate degree in computer science to set things up. It has fundamentally changed storage in terms of cost per bit. It's a tectonic shift.

????What is very clear is a "barbell" strategy around big data. Services, information-rich industries with knowledge workers in them? It's very clear there's a big benefit of big data. Retail, hospitality, trading stocks -- if you have the ability to discover trends, you can find breakpoints in your business and take care of them. If you discover how to take advantage of certain events in the market, you can certainly take that all the way to the bank. That's one end of the barbell.

????The other end of the barbell is the industrial Internet. I think that is extremely, extremely interesting. There's a really interesting writeup by GE saying that you will not just be able to sell aircraft engines but sell value around the [operation] of that engine. Trigger actions around the data. Do preventative maintenance on the engine. That concept has enormous implications for GE, Siemens, everybody who manufactures stuff. You would think that big data would only be a business on the knowledge side, but on the industrial side, there's a whole barbell that becomes very interesting.

????But other industries . . . can you predict trends and fashions and colors in the fashion industry? What makes a particular season successful? Maybe. A better movie is a better movie. Big data doesn't make a better movie. Sometimes you just have to create something. You know a well-made book or movie when you see it. The barbell strategy seems extremely sound.

????So should we be telling some companies, "Big data is not for you"?

????We should be clear. Because if we're not clear around it, people will be disgruntled. You can't wound a big data problem; you have to kill it. People want to just step in it. But if you're not willing to fund it at an effective level -- and it is a substantial investment -- to expect substantial returns by just tickling the chin, it's not going to happen. So maybe you don't have the budget this year, and maybe you should wait -- it will get cheaper. Sit tight! You're better off replenishing the guts of your company with SaaS and cloud applications and emancipate your marketing department.

????Fundamentally, the c-suite are investors. What does an executive make? As Ben Horowitz, one of our investors, says: They don't make things, they make decisions.There's nothing worse than a half-baked, half-funded big data project. That's the worst of all. You're creating a bad feeling about the true benefit of this.

????Where's the slack in the market for big data? Which areas or industries could be easily conquered but are still wide open?

????All this change is causing the negative space [between connected groups of things] to become the battleground. If things don't talk to each other, it doesn't matter how much you've spent. So we actually see a lot of negative space because there are huge changes. People are unplugging traditional data warehouses. We see a lot of business applications flying to the cloud. Salesforce did it; Workday is on a roll. And the APIs and Internet of Things and data -- it's in the early stages, but it quite likely will be the greatest source of information the world has ever seen. How many barcodes can you have? You will see the monetization of that, distinctly, on the industrial side.

????Putting it together is a large problem, and you know what? It's wide open. Boy, we have a long way to go.