自殺開關(guān):手機(jī)防盜終極大招?
????智能手機(jī)日新月異的同時(shí),隨之而來的是被偷走的手機(jī)越來越多。如何能既防賊偷、又防賊惦記?美國加州的立法者們似乎認(rèn)為,只要強(qiáng)制手機(jī)廠商給手機(jī)安一個(gè)“自殺開關(guān)”,就能一勞永逸地解決這個(gè)問題。本月,加州參議院通過了一項(xiàng)強(qiáng)制手機(jī)提供商在設(shè)備上加裝“自殺開關(guān)”的法案。但是一個(gè)關(guān)鍵的問題目前仍然沒有答案:“自殺開關(guān)”是否是手機(jī)防盜的終極方案? ????行業(yè)專家們針對這個(gè)問題還沒有形成共識。但是手機(jī)被盜無疑已經(jīng)是一個(gè)越來越嚴(yán)重的問題。根據(jù)《消費(fèi)者報(bào)告》(Consumer Reports)的數(shù)據(jù),2013年美國有超過300萬部智能手機(jī)被盜,遠(yuǎn)超2012年的160萬部。另據(jù)舊金山警局表示,光是在舊金山,去年就有2400部手機(jī)被偷,比前年上漲了23個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。軟件與云安全服務(wù)提供商Centrify公司的CEO湯姆?坎姆指出:“全美各地的警察局幾乎都被智能手機(jī)被盜的案子給淹沒了?!?/p> ????這個(gè)編號“SB 962”的法案是由加州參議員馬克?雷諾提出的,并且獲得了舊金山地區(qū)地方檢察官喬治?加斯肯的支持。如果這份提案最早在八月初能獲得加州眾議院以及州長杰瑞?布朗的批準(zhǔn),它將意味著從2015年7月1日起,所有在加州銷售的智能手機(jī)都要安裝一個(gè)能讓手機(jī)變成板磚一塊的“自殺開關(guān)”。如果手機(jī)銷售商違反這項(xiàng)法案,則將面臨最高每部手機(jī)2500美元的罰款。 ????這項(xiàng)法案最初在今年四月被加州參議員駁回,而且還遭到了包括蘋果(Apple)和微軟(Microsoft)在內(nèi)的幾大主流廠商的抵制,但它最終還是在本月以26對8的比率投票通過。雖然這項(xiàng)法案主要著眼于加州,但是由于加州強(qiáng)制推動(dòng)的手機(jī)附加功能很可能逐漸普及到在全美各地銷售的手機(jī)上,因此它的影響將是全國性的。 ????美國無線通信與互聯(lián)網(wǎng)協(xié)會(CTIA)也是這項(xiàng)法案的反對者之一。這個(gè)協(xié)會代表了無線服務(wù)商的利益,它認(rèn)為如果強(qiáng)制手機(jī)提供商一個(gè)州一個(gè)州地加裝防盜裝置,最終只會損害消費(fèi)者的利益。同時(shí)CTIA也認(rèn)為,行業(yè)本身最終會加強(qiáng)在手機(jī)防盜領(lǐng)域的創(chuàng)新。CTIA的對外與對公事務(wù)副理事長杰米?哈斯廷斯說:“逐個(gè)州出臺技術(shù)要求只會僵化創(chuàng)新,最終受害的是消費(fèi)者?!睘榱嗽谶@個(gè)問題上掌握主動(dòng)權(quán),CTIA上個(gè)月發(fā)布了一份由蘋果、三星(Samsung)、美國電話電報(bào)公司(AT&T)、威瑞森(Verizon)等電信巨頭聯(lián)名簽署的《智能手機(jī)防盜自愿承諾》,宣誓從2015年7月起生產(chǎn)的智能手機(jī)將加裝免費(fèi)的內(nèi)置防盜工具。 ????但是這項(xiàng)法案的支持者并不認(rèn)為光是這樣就足夠了,他們認(rèn)為立法途徑是促進(jìn)各大廠商加強(qiáng)手機(jī)防盜的一種有效方式。安全技術(shù)與服務(wù)提供商CrowdStrike公司共同創(chuàng)始人兼技術(shù)總監(jiān)德米特里?阿帕羅維奇認(rèn)為:“加州立法機(jī)構(gòu)這次邁出了積極的一步,促使行業(yè)真正加快了開發(fā)防盜解決方案的步伐。” ????也有人認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)法案顯示出干預(yù)行業(yè)正常發(fā)展的跡象。邁克菲在線安全專家羅伯特?西西里亞諾指出:“支持‘自殺開關(guān)’的人根本不知道科技是怎樣運(yùn)作的。只要犯罪分子懷有惡意,不管你用什么樣的自殺開關(guān),都是可以破解的,最終只會形同虛設(shè)?!?/p> |
????How do you stop the growing epidemic of stolen smartphones? Lawmakers in California seem to think it's by mandating providers to sell devices with built-in "kill switch" capabilities that would make stolen phones inoperable. This month, when the California Senate approved a bill that would require smartphone providers to build a "kill switch" feature into their devices, a key question was left unanswered: Is this the solution to smartphone theft? ????You'd be hard-pressed to find a consensus among industry experts on the matter. What's clear is that cell phone theft is a growing problem. In 2013, more than three million devices were stolen in the U.S., up from 1.6 million in 2012, according to Consumer Reports. And in San Francisco alone, 2,400 cellphones were stolen in 2013, up by 23 percent from the year before, according to the San Francisco Police Department. "Police departments across the U.S. are starting to drown in smart phone thefts,"says Tom Kemp, CEO of Centrify, a software and cloud security provider. ????The bill, SB 962, introduced by State Senator Mark Leno and sponsored by San Francisco's district attorney, George Gascón, is an attempt to curb these alarming figures. If approved by the California State Assembly and Governor Jerry Brown as early as August, it would require all smartphones sold after July 1, 2015 in California to include a kill switch function that would effectively "brick" stolen phones. Those sellers who don't comply would face fines of up to $2,500 per device. ????The bill, which was originally rejected by the California Senate in April and opposed by major providers including Apple (AAPL) and Microsoft (MSFT), passed this month with a vote of 26 to 8. While it targets the state of California, its effects would be national, as added features mandated by the state would likely make it into phones sold across the country. ????Opponents of the bill including CTIA, the wireless association that represents providers, believe forcing providers to put a solution in place state-by-state will only hurt consumers in the end. The group believes that the industry itself should drive innovation in the field. "State-by-state technology mandates stifle innovation to the ultimate detriment to the consumer," according to a statement released by Jamie Hastings, CTIA's vice president of external and state affairs. In an attempt to take matters into its own hands, last month, CTIA released a "Smartphone Anti-Theft Voluntary Commitment," an agreement signed by major industry players like Apple, Samsung, AT&T (T) and Verizon (VZN) who pledge that smartphones they manufacture after July 2015 will include free built-in antitheft tools. ????But supporters of the bill aren't convinced this is enough and see legislation as a way to speed up the process. "What that California legislation does is a positive step in encouraging the industry to actually develop a solution faster," says DmitriAlperovitch, cofounder and CTO of CrowdStrike Inc., a provider of security technology and services. ????Others see it as a sign of meddling in the industry. "Proponents of a kill switch know nothing about how technology works," says Robert Siciliano, a McAfee Online Security expert. "Whatever kill switch is implemented, will be hack-able and rendered useless by anyone with ill intent." |
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