????微軟研究院計(jì)算生態(tài)與環(huán)境科學(xué)小組負(fù)責(zé)人德魯?帕維斯

????微軟（Microsoft）內(nèi)部有一個(gè)叫做“比爾評(píng)論”（Bill Reviews）的保留節(jié)目，也就是員工們可以在創(chuàng)始人兼董事長(zhǎng)比爾?蓋茨面前提出自己的創(chuàng)意。當(dāng)微軟研究院劍橋?qū)嶒?yàn)室（Microsoft Research’s Cambridge Labs）的計(jì)算機(jī)學(xué)負(fù)責(zé)人史蒂夫?艾默特在一次“比爾評(píng)論”中提出，要由劍橋?qū)嶒?yàn)室出資，在公司內(nèi)部建立一個(gè)生態(tài)學(xué)研究小組時(shí)，“那真是一次糟糕得出名的會(huì)議。”——時(shí)任普林斯頓大學(xué)（Princeton University）生態(tài)學(xué)家的德魯?帕維斯如是說(shuō)。但是最后比爾?蓋茨改變了主意，很快微軟聘請(qǐng)了帕維斯作為這個(gè)小組的領(lǐng)頭人，負(fù)責(zé)建立地球生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的預(yù)測(cè)模型。自從微軟的“藍(lán)天”研究部門(mén)成立后，帕維斯已經(jīng)帶領(lǐng)科研團(tuán)隊(duì)開(kāi)發(fā)了一個(gè)模擬地球所有生命的“馬丁利模型”。這個(gè)項(xiàng)目可謂雄心勃勃，雖然有些“唐吉訶德”色彩，但它的部分成果說(shuō)不定最終也能應(yīng)用于實(shí)際。帕維斯表示：“國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)中發(fā)生的每一件事，都可以放在一定的環(huán)境因素中考量。”他隨口道出全世界面臨的幾大最嚴(yán)重的挑戰(zhàn)，包括人口老齡化、癌癥、食品安全、氣候變化和替代能源等問(wèn)題。對(duì)于生態(tài)學(xué)和生物學(xué)，帕維斯補(bǔ)充道：“這些東西將成為21世紀(jì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的核心驅(qū)動(dòng)力?！?/p>

????Drew Purves, Head of the Computational Ecology and Environmental Science Group, Microsoft Research

????When Stephen Emmott, head of computational science at Microsoft Research’s Cambridge Labs, pitched the idea of having the lab sponsor an internal ecology group at one of the company’s “Bill Reviews”—where employees present in front of founder and chairman Bill Gates—“it was a “famously bad meeting,” says Drew Purves, then a Princeton University ecologist. “He thought it was the most ridiculous thing.” But Gates ended up changing his mind, and soon Microsoft hired Purves to lead a group tasked with building predictive models of Earth’s systems. Since landing in Microsoft’s blue skies research division, Purves has helped develop “The Madingley Model,” a simulation of all life on Earth. The project is ambitious—quixotic, even—but it may eventually generate practical applications. “Everything that happens within the economy fits within an environmental context,” Purves says, rattling off some of the world’s most daunting challenges, including aging populations, cancer, food security, climate change and alternative sources of energy. Of ecology and biology, he added, “these things will be the key driver of 21st century economy.” —Robert Hackett