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可口可樂中國發(fā)展史(節(jié)選)

可口可樂中國發(fā)展史(節(jié)選)

Scott Cendrowski 2014年09月28日
1979年,中國共產(chǎn)黨執(zhí)政30年后,可口可樂公司(Coca-Cola) 重新進入中國市場。如今,中國已經(jīng)是該公司第三大市場,并且很快將成為最大的市場。一些親歷這段歷史的高管向《財富》講述了這段曲折的歷程。
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圖片來源:可口可樂公司

????第2部分:限制

????李:到1979年初,我們從香港灌裝廠運來了第一批產(chǎn)品。最初主要出售給北京的大型酒店,之后慢慢擴展到廣州、上海和其他主要城市。

????魯大衛(wèi):最初,我們只能向北京、上海和廣州這三個城市的游客和對外交流部門出售可樂。這實際上屬于意識形態(tài)上的障礙,因為可口可樂被視為西方資本主義的象征。共產(chǎn)黨內(nèi)部也產(chǎn)生了許多爭論:“我們應(yīng)該讓他們進入中國嗎?“

????李:中糧和其他公司不希望可口可樂獲得太大的影響力。于是,他們對可口可樂設(shè)置了障礙,限定在特定區(qū)域。我對這種情況當然非常不滿。

????Chong:許多年來,可口可樂只能在友誼商店和外事酒店內(nèi)出售。最初兩三年,由于需要從香港運送,可口可樂公司遭受了巨大損失。

????魯大衛(wèi):我們在上世紀80年代初經(jīng)歷過一次小風波。當時共產(chǎn)黨內(nèi)部出現(xiàn)了不滿的聲音。我認為原因是我們在北京做了一次街頭宣傳。他們說,“怎么能讓一家外國公司在北京的街頭搞宣傳呢?這是絕對不允許的?!睘榇耍覀儽唤哿?2個月。(財富中文網(wǎng))

??? 以上內(nèi)容節(jié)選,閱讀英文文請點擊此處>>

????譯者:劉進龍/汪皓

????Part II: The Restrictions

????Lee: By early 1979, we had our first shipments from our bottler in Hong Kong. The first sale was distributed in some major hotels in Beijing, and then slowly Guangzhou, Shangahi, and other key cities.

????Brooks: Initially we were under a restriction of selling for tourists and selling for foreign exchange in three cities—Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou. Those barriers were partly ideological, because Coca-Cola was seen as very Western capitalist symbol. There were a lot of internal debates within the Communist Party: "Should we let these guys in at all?"

????Lee: COFCO and others didn’t want a Coke cooler to be too visible. So they put it behind a bar, behind a certain area. Of course I wasn’t very pleased with things like that.

????Chong: For quite a number of years Coke was only sold in Friendship stores and foreign hotels. Coca-Cola lost a lot of money in the first two to three years shipping Coke from Hong Kong.

????Brooks: We had a mini-crisis in the early 1980s. There were complaints within the Communist Party. I think we did a street promotion in Beijing. [They said,] "How could a foreign company do a street promotion in Beijing? It’s not allowed." We were restricted from selling for about 12 months.

????

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