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印度不應(yīng)由于強奸案封殺Uber

印度不應(yīng)由于強奸案封殺Uber

Sriram Krishnan 2014年12月12日
因一位女性乘客被一位使用Uber打車服務(wù)的印度司機強奸,印度政府決定封殺Uber。此舉極不明智。這樁悲劇的根源其實在于,印度固有的社會因素導(dǎo)致的性侵問題,以及印度缺乏一個高效的身份證系統(tǒng)。

????德里政府以“不安全”為由封掉Uber,透出一絲針對“外國”公司近乎本能的公關(guān)反應(yīng)。德里的出租車司機、出租車公司和私人運營車輛成千上萬,幾乎沒有人要求對任何駕駛這些車輛的人做任何嚴(yán)肅的背景調(diào)查。我有朋友就是開出租車公司的,他們的“駕駛員調(diào)查”就是詢問司機有沒有駕照。如果哪家公司真的做了很好的背景調(diào)查,我們也不要忘了,印度最近發(fā)生的很多性侵案的嫌疑人其實都是初犯者。在世界其他一些地方,生意就是這樣做的,人們也基本上接受了這種現(xiàn)狀,并對此保持警惕。

????憑借它所用的技術(shù),比起其他任何出租車公司、或者擠在機場拉客搶客的出租車司機,Uber其實要安全得多。對于任何一個在印度居住和旅游的人,我會請他們相信Uber(以及其它利用科技促進交通的初創(chuàng)公司,比如OlaCab等),而不是街上隨便一個出租車司機,或是那些只有三輛老爺車,而且只在黃頁本上有一個電話的出租車公司。

????事實上,這出悲劇之所以會發(fā)生,根源是印度固有的社會因素導(dǎo)致的性侵問題,以及印度沒有能夠建立一個高效的身份證系統(tǒng)。這才是這名年輕女性受害的原因,這也是社會主流應(yīng)該關(guān)注的焦點。

????不過我們還是需要回答幾個問題。

????對科技界來說,當(dāng)有些社會和文化基礎(chǔ)在某些國家不存在,或者這些國家存在其它社會問題時,我們又該怎樣擴展我們認(rèn)為是理所當(dāng)然的服務(wù)?我們是說“顧客需要這項服務(wù),即便我們不能保證我們在第一世界國家能做到的事,在這里也能做到”?還是我們應(yīng)該采取一種更微妙的方法(這到底意味著什么)?我不知道。

????Uber現(xiàn)在肯定覺得自己身陷重圍,哪怕他們做得比任何一家印度出租車公司都多(也更為迅速地配合執(zhí)法部門方面)。這一點值得鼓勵,但是他們本可以,也本應(yīng)該做得更多。任何在印度待過一段時間的人都知道,背景調(diào)查根本不管用,警方開的無犯罪證明不過是浪費紙張。那么在這個地區(qū),你如何在執(zhí)法部門的能力范圍之外保護乘客的安全?有些人建議Uber可以采取“更具印度特色”的背景調(diào)查方式,比如詢問每個司機的幾個鄰居——雖然這個點子聽起來似乎愚蠢,但像這樣貌似瘋狂、不容易大規(guī)模推廣的“土辦法”很可能會帶來更好的結(jié)果。

????如果你在欠發(fā)達國家無法進行有效的背景調(diào)查,那么在乘客踏進出租車之前,你應(yīng)該告訴他們什么呢?從文化角度上,除了和新德里的內(nèi)政及警務(wù)部門開一堆會議,建立一套紙上談兵的流程之外,你還得怎樣應(yīng)對?你如何把這種對安全的關(guān)注植入企業(yè)的DNA?讓大數(shù)字(司機、行程、乘客、城市數(shù)量等)漲上去,要比預(yù)防這種罕見的災(zāi)難事故簡單得多。我也不知道這些問題的答案,但是我希望Uber能發(fā)揚它在開發(fā)核心服務(wù)時展現(xiàn)出的智慧,來解決這些棘手的問題。

????真正的媒體悲劇在于,他們埋藏了這個故事的核心:盡管慘遭施暴,這位年輕女子依然在隨后的幾秒鐘和幾小時內(nèi)展現(xiàn)出非凡的勇氣(拍照、記下車牌號)。但是社會令她失望了。(財富中文網(wǎng))

????本文作者Sriram Krishnan目前為Facebook開發(fā)移動貨幣化產(chǎn)品,此前他曾為雅虎和微軟提供云解決方案。

????譯者:樸成奎

????The Delhi government banning Uber as “unsafe” smells of a knee-jerk PR reaction against a company perceived to be “foreign.” Delhi has thousands of taxi drivers, cab companies and private transport vehicles?—?no one bothers asking for any sort of real background check for anyone driving these things. I have friends who own cab companies?—?their “driver check” is asking the driver whether he has a license. And even if everyone suddenly had great checks, let’s not forget that a lot of the recent assault cases in India were first-time offenders. This is just the way business is done in other parts of the world and people generally accept this as the status-quo and guard against it.

????Uber with its use of technology is way safer than any other cab company or any generic cab driver who hustles you at the airport. I would ask anyone in India or visiting there to trust it (and other startups like OlaCab that use tech to power transport) way more than some cab driver off the street or some company which has three beat-up cars and a phone number in the yellow pages.

????What really happened here is a tragedy due to India’s inherent social dynamics and problems with sexual assault as well as it’s inability to have a efficient ID system. *That* is why a young woman was harmed and that’s what we should be focusing the spotlight of mainstream attention on.

????However, there are still several questions we here need to answer.

????For us in the tech world?—?How do we scale services that we take for granted when the social/cultural foundations don’t exist in other nations or there are other social dynamics at play? Do we say “Customers need this service even if we can’t guarantee what we can in the first world?” Or do we take a more nuanced approach (and what does that even mean)? I don’t know.

????For Uber?—?They must be feeling under siege now in a situation where they did more than any Indian cab company (and way, way more in working with law enforcement promptly). Props to them but they could/should have done more. Anyone who has spent any amount of time in India would know that background checks just don’t work and a certificate from the cops is just paperwork. How do you actually protect your riders in these parts of the world by going above and beyond what law enforcement can do? Someone suggested that Uber adopt a “more Indian way” of background checking by asking a few neighbors of each driver?—?as silly as it sounds, a crazy, unscaleable, localized approach like this might yield way better results.

????If you can’t actually have effective background checks in less developed parts of the world, how do you tell your riders that before they step into a car? Culturally, how do you react to this by actually looking into doing more than just set up a bunch of meetings with the Delhi home ministry/ police department which establishes a process that looks great on paper? How do you build this concern into your company DNA? It’s way easier to get big numbers to go up (riders, trips, passengers, cities) than protect against the rare, catastrophic incident. I don’t know but I hope Uber uses the same ingenuity it has shown in developing their core service in tackling these questions.

????The real media tragedy here is the burial of the core story. A young woman was viciously assaulted and still managed to show incredible bravery in the seconds (taking a photo, recording the number) and hours afterward. Society failed her.

????Sriram Krishnan currently works on mobile monetization products for Facebook, and previously worked on cloud solutions for both Yahoo and Microsoft.

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