????北京擊敗了哈薩克斯坦的阿拉木圖，獲得2022年冬奧會舉辦權(quán)。

????國際奧委會在馬來西亞吉隆坡舉行的第128次會議上做出了這項決定。曾在2008年舉辦夏季奧運會的北京將創(chuàng)造歷史，因為此前還沒有哪座城市既舉辦過夏季奧運會，又舉辦過冬奧會。

????不過，北京承辦冬季賽事的能力還有很大的不確定性。以下是《財富》雜志就2022年冬奧會提出的四個問題。

????中國要為此投入多少資金？

????近年來，舉辦奧運會的榮耀光環(huán)已經(jīng)變得不那么燦爛。舉辦國看似在國際舞臺上掙得了面子，但實際上，辦奧運是個經(jīng)濟無底洞。據(jù)美國有線電視新聞網(wǎng)（CNN）報道，2004年的雅典夏季奧運會給希臘帶來了110億美元債務(wù)。北京2008年夏季奧運會花費了440億美元。俄羅斯索契舉辦上屆冬奧會的成本約為500億美元。

????冬奧會到底能否帶來經(jīng)濟收益？

????很難說。北京方面相信2022年冬奧會有利于本地旅游。北京奧申委網(wǎng)站上說：

????“北京的旅游業(yè)正在迅猛發(fā)展，已經(jīng)成為北京經(jīng)濟增長的重要支柱。隨著‘大旅游’概念的形成，北京正在向著世界級旅游城市邁進。北京擁有200多個A級及A級以上景點、14個國家級主題旅游示范區(qū)、15個農(nóng)家樂旅游示范區(qū)、200多個市級民俗旅游村和近1萬個市級民俗旅游戶、以及720多家三星及三星以上酒店?！?/p>

????北京如何舉辦冬季賽事？

????北京并不是真的適合開展冬季運動，但索契也是如此。因此，預(yù)計北京將采用人造雪，而且將大量使用。對于索契如何奇跡般地成功舉辦了冬奧會，《紐約時報》有如下報道：

????“機器造雪的方式和自然界一樣，把水滴凍成雪花。但機器工作時距地面只有幾英尺，而不是在溫度要低得多的高空。造雪機依靠的是熱力學(xué)原理，但有時候物理手段的作用有限?！?/p>

????在這個過程中，氣溫是關(guān)鍵。如果舉辦冬奧會時北京氣溫過高，情況就可能變得有點兒危險。不過，正如CNN報道的那樣，北京是冰上項目比賽地，雪上項目都將在北京西北約190公里的張家口進行。

????污染問題怎么解決？

????當(dāng)然，北京市政府將竭盡全力來消除人們在霧霾和污染問題上的顧慮。不管怎樣，2008年北京確實有效控制了污染，因此政府可能再次采取這樣的措施。

????北京奧申委新聞宣傳部副部長徐濟成在一份公告中表示：“從技術(shù)上講，污染已經(jīng)減少，而且得到了控制。我們還有七年多時間，到時候人們在北京看到的將是陽光和白云?！?/p>

????為此，北京已經(jīng)對戶外燒烤下了禁令。真的。（財富中文網(wǎng)）

????譯者：Charlie

????校對：詹妮

????The Chinese city of Beijing has been named host of the 2022 Winter Olympics, beating out Almaty, Kazakhstan in the process.

????The decision was made at the 128th International Olympic Committee session in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Beijing’s win will set Olympic history, as no other city has hosted both the Winter and Summer Olympic games. Beijing hosted the Summer Olympics in 2008.

????Still, there’s plenty of uncertainty over Beijing’s ability to host wintertime athletics. Here are four questions Fortune has about the 2022 Games:

????How much will it cost China?

????The pride of hosting an Olympic event has lost some of its luster in recent years. Hosting the Olympics might seem like it affords international bragging rights, but in reality it’s a big economic drain. Greece’s 2004 Athens Summer Olympics left the country with $11 billion in debt, according to CNN. Beijing’s own 2008 Summer Games, meanwhile, cost $44 billion. The previous Winter Olympic Games, held in Sochi, Russia, cost about $50 billion.

????Will there be any economic benefit at all?

????It’s hard to say. Beijing believes hosting the 2022 Olympics will be a boon for its tourism industry. Per Beijing’s bid committee website:

????“Beijing’s tourism industry is developing dramatically and has become an important pillar industry for the capital’s economic development. With a development concept of “Great Tourism,” Beijing is making itself a world-class tourism city. Beijing is home to more than 200 A-class or higher-rated tourist attractions, 14 national industry-themed tourism demonstration spots and 15 agriculture-themed tourism demonstration spots, more than 200 municipality-level folklore tourism villages and nearly 10,000 municipality-level folklore tourism households, and more than 720 three-star or higher-rated hotels.

????How can Beijing host Winter events?

????Beijing’s not exactly a winter city — but then again, neither was Sochi. So expect fake snow. Lots and lots of fake snow. Here’s a little on how Sochi accomplished the winter miracle, per The New York Times:

????“Machines make snow the same way nature does, by freezing water droplets. But they do it a few feet above the ground, rather than in the much colder conditions high in the atmosphere. Snowmaking machines employ a few thermodynamic tricks to help, but at times there is a limit to what physics can do.

????Temperature is key in this process. Should Beijing be too warm around the time of the Games, things may get a little dicey. Still, as CNN notes, Beijing will host the ice-based events, while competitions requiring snow will be held about 120 miles to Beijing’s northwest in Zhangjiakou.

????And what about the pollution?

????Beijing officials, of course, are doing their best to dissipate doubts regarding the city’s smog and pollution issues. For what it’s worth, the city did curb pollution effectively in 2008, so it’s possible it could repeat those efforts.

????Xu Jicheng, who helps lead Beijing 2022’s press efforts, said in a statement that “technically the pollution has been reduced and controlled, we have seven more years to go and it will be sunshine and white clouds.”

????To help, Beijing has already banned barbecues. Really.