美國勞工部統(tǒng)計(jì)局囊括29萬雇主反饋的年度企業(yè)家調(diào)查報(bào)告顯示，2014年，在員工至少一人的美國企業(yè)之中，黑人為企業(yè)主的僅占2.1%，其中約14%的黑人所有企業(yè)經(jīng)營不足兩年。

數(shù)據(jù)表明，2014年，美國少數(shù)族裔所有的企業(yè)超過94.9萬家，其中約11%的企業(yè)主是非裔美國人，西班牙裔和亞裔企業(yè)主分別約占32%和53%。

2014年，少數(shù)族裔所有企業(yè)收入合計(jì)1.1萬億美元，僅占美國企業(yè)總收入的3.3%，白人所有企業(yè)的收入約占96.7%。

盡管過去30年初創(chuàng)公司逐年減少，但據(jù)美國考夫曼基金會(huì)最近研究，初創(chuàng)公司中少數(shù)族裔企業(yè)家占比與日俱增：1996年成立的新公司之中，有40%的創(chuàng)始人是非裔、拉丁裔或者亞裔美國人，二十年前少數(shù)族裔創(chuàng)業(yè)者的比例只占23%。

據(jù)美國黑人商會(huì)統(tǒng)計(jì)，2002年至2007年，黑人所有的企業(yè)猛增60%，但2008年金融危機(jī)導(dǎo)致增長勢頭中止。

巴爾森學(xué)院旗下全球創(chuàng)業(yè)觀察的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，非裔美國企業(yè)家只在十分必要時(shí)才會(huì)尋找新商機(jī)，因?yàn)樗麄兊奈幕酵ǔ２蝗绨兹似髽I(yè)家。巴爾森學(xué)院還發(fā)現(xiàn)，非裔美國企業(yè)主在人員招聘、提升辦公環(huán)境以及尋求融資等方面都很受局限。（財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)）

譯者：Pessy

審校：夏林

In the U.S. Census Bureau’s Annual Survey of Entrepreneurs, which includes responses from 290,000 employers, only 2.1% of American businesses with at least one employee were black-owned in 2014. About 14% of those black-owned businesses were operating for less than two years.

The data projected that minorities owned more than 949,000 businesses in 2014, and roughly 11% of those minorities were African-American. Then, about 32% of minority owners were Hispanic and about 53% were Asian.

Minority-owned businesses accounted for $1.1 trillion in receipts in 2014, accounting for only 3.3% of employer receipts vs. 96.7% for their white counterparts.

While the starting of new businesses has declined steadily over the last 30 years, recent research from the Kauffman Foundation revealed that minorities now make up an increasing segment of the entrepreneurial community: 40% of new businesses started in 1996 have African-American, Latino, or Asian owners compared to 23% two decades ago.

Black-owned businesses increased 60% from 2002-2007, according to the National Black Chamber of Commerce, but the 2008 financial crisis stifled that trend.

Research from Babson College’s Global Entrepreneurship Monitor found that African-American entrepreneurs look to new business opportunities out of necessity, because they tend to have lower education levels than their white peers. Babson also found that African-American owners have limited access to employment opportunities, favorable office environments, and financial resources.