中國(guó)在周二開幕的該國(guó)最大規(guī)模的飛機(jī)制造商和買家聚會(huì)上，首次公開展示了其成都?xì)?20隱形戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)，展示其軍事實(shí)力。

在南方城市珠海舉行的中國(guó)航展，為北京提供了一個(gè)展示其在民用航空領(lǐng)域的雄心及凸顯其國(guó)防抱負(fù)的機(jī)會(huì)。中國(guó)有望在未來(lái)十年內(nèi)超越美國(guó)成為世界上最大的航空市場(chǎng)。

作為珠海航展的最大亮點(diǎn)，兩架殲-20飛機(jī)飛掠過齊聚在航展開幕式上的貴賓和數(shù)百名觀眾及行業(yè)高管的上空，整個(gè)表演持續(xù)的時(shí)間幾乎未超過一分鐘，帶來(lái)震耳欲聾的轟鳴聲，激起一片驚呼聲、掌聲并觸發(fā)了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)停車場(chǎng)的汽車警報(bào)聲。

專家表示，中國(guó)一直在改進(jìn)殲-20的設(shè)計(jì)，以縮小與美國(guó)的軍事技術(shù)差距。該機(jī)型最早于2010年被飛機(jī)觀察者發(fā)現(xiàn)。隨著中國(guó)在亞洲，尤其是在南中國(guó)海和東海采取更加強(qiáng)硬的立場(chǎng)，習(xí)近平主席一直敦促軍方加強(qiáng)武裝力量。

“這顯然是中國(guó)戰(zhàn)斗力的一大進(jìn)步?！薄逗娇罩芸罚ˋviation Week）資深中國(guó)觀察家白廣原表示。

這是繼2014年殲-31首次亮相后，中國(guó)連續(xù)第二次在兩年一度的珠海航展上展示新型隱形戰(zhàn)機(jī)。

答案未揭曉

兩架殲-20一起低空飛抵后，其中一架迅速消失在地平線上，而另一架則留下表演了一系列轉(zhuǎn)彎，并在亞熱帶明亮的天際下，向觀眾展示了它的三角翼。

但分析師稱，這場(chǎng)簡(jiǎn)短且相對(duì)謹(jǐn)慎的殲-20例行表演——飛行員未打開武器艙門，亦未進(jìn)行低速掠飛——并未給出多少答案。

“我認(rèn)為我們所獲信息甚少。我們了解到聲音很大，但不知道其使用的是什么類型的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，對(duì)其機(jī)動(dòng)性也了解不多?！薄讹w行國(guó)際》（Flight global）的亞洲主編格雷格·沃爾德倫說。 “最重要的是，我們沒有了解到太多關(guān)于它的雷達(dá)截面的信息。

一個(gè)關(guān)鍵的問題是，該新型中國(guó)戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)是否能與洛克希德·馬丁公司的F-22猛禽制空戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)或者F-35的隱身性能相媲美。為美國(guó)空軍開發(fā)的F-22猛禽戰(zhàn)機(jī)是與殲-20最為相似的機(jī)型。但是，其他人士表示，僅僅展示這種新開發(fā)的飛機(jī)本身就是一個(gè)能說明問題的信號(hào)。

悉尼洛伊研究所（Lowy Institute）高級(jí)研究員山姆·家雅各布說：“中國(guó)展示殲20本身就表現(xiàn)出了極大信心和自豪感。”

目前尚不清楚殲-20在飛行表演后是否會(huì)或如何在航展上展出。

根據(jù)官方計(jì)劃，將與最新式的中國(guó)武器系統(tǒng)、雷達(dá)和無(wú)人機(jī)一同展示的飛機(jī)包括西安運(yùn)-20戰(zhàn)略運(yùn)輸機(jī)，以及AG600——航展組織者稱其為目前在產(chǎn)的最大水陸兩棲飛機(jī)。

該水上飛機(jī)在官方宣傳中被稱為滅火或搜救飛機(jī)。但分析人士指出，AG600合用于在爭(zhēng)議地區(qū)提供軍事前哨。AG600首次亮相就是在海牙法庭7月針對(duì)中國(guó)對(duì)南中國(guó)海部分地區(qū)的權(quán)利主張作出不利裁決的10日后。

值得注意的是，中國(guó)商飛公司研制的150座級(jí)客機(jī)C919并未參加航展。該機(jī)型旨在與主宰著全球大型客機(jī)的供應(yīng)的歐洲的空中客車集團(tuán)和美國(guó)的波音公司競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。目前，姍姍來(lái)遲的C919已經(jīng)比原計(jì)劃推遲了三年。

中國(guó)商飛公司在展會(huì)上表示，中國(guó)東方航空將是C919的首家客戶，并且該機(jī)型已經(jīng)斬獲23架新訂單，使總訂單數(shù)達(dá)到了570架。C919可能在今年晚些時(shí)候或2017年初進(jìn)行首次試飛。（財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)）

翻譯：Charlie

審校：詹妮

China showed its Chengdu J-20 stealth fighter in public for the first time on Tuesday, opening the country’s biggest meeting of aircraft makers and buyers with a show of its military clout.

Airshow China, in the southern city of Zhuhai, offers Beijing an opportunity to demonstrate its ambitions in civil aerospace and to underline its defense ambitions. China is set to overtake the U.S. as the world’s top aviation market in the next decade.

Two J-20 jets, Zhuhai’s headline act, swept over dignitaries and hundreds of spectators and industry executives gathered at the show’s opening ceremony in a flypast that barely exceeded a minute, generating a deafening roar that was met with gasps and applause and set off car alarms in a parking lot at the site.

Experts say China has been refining designs for the J-20, first glimpsed by planespotters in 2010, in the hope of narrowing a military technology gap with the United States. President Xi Jinping has pushed to toughen the armed forces as China takes a more assertive stance in Asia, particularly in the South China and East China seas.

“It is clearly a big step forward in Chinese combat capability,” said Bradley Perrett of Aviation Week, a veteran China watcher.

It was China’s second successive display of a new stealth jet at the biennial Zhuhai show, following the 2014 debut of the J-31.

QUESTIONS UNANSWERED

After arriving as a pair at low-level, one of the J-20s quickly disappeared over the horizon, leaving the other to perform a series of turns, revealing its delta wing shape against bright sub-tropical haze.

But analysts said the brief and relatively cautious J-20 routine – the pilots did not open weapon bay doors, or perform low-speed passes – answered few questions.

“I think we learned very little. We learned it is very loud. But we can’t tell what type of engine it has, or very much about the mobility,” said Greg Waldron, Asia Managing Editor of FlightGlobal. “Most importantly, we didn’t learn much about its radar cross-section.”

A key question whether the new Chinese fighter can match the radar-evading properties of the Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor air-to-air combat jet, or the latest strike jet in the U.S. arsenal, Lockheed’s F-35. The F-22 Raptor, developed for the U.S. Air Force, is the J-20’s closest lookalike.But the mere display of such a newly developed aircraft was a revealing signal, others said.

“It’s a change of tactics for the Chinese to publicly show off weapons that aren’t in full squadron service yet,” said Sam Roggeveen, a senior fellow at the Sydney-based Lowy Institute, “and demonstrates a lot of confidence in the capability, and also a lot of pride.”

It remained unclear whether or how the J-20 would be displayed at the airshow after the flypast.

Aircraft that are officially scheduled to be on display alongside the latest Chinese weapon systems, radar and drones include the Xian Y-20 strategic airlifter, and what organisers say is the largest amphibious plane now in production – the AG600.

The flying boat is officially promoted as a fire-fighting or search and rescue plane. But analysts note the AG600 – first unveiled 10 days after a Hague tribunal ruled against China’s claim to parts of the South China Sea in July – is well suited to resupplying military outposts in the disputed area.

Notably absent from the airshow schedule is the 150-seater COMAC C919 passenger jet. Designed to compete with Europe’s AirbusGroup and of the United States, the rivals who dominate the global supply of airliners, the much-delayed C919 is now running three years behind original plans.

COMAC said at the show that China Eastern Airlines will be the launch customer for the C919, which may take its first test flight later this year or early 2017, and that it had clinched 23 new orders for its C919, taking total orders to 570.