中國公司華為的員工近期正為被裁員而感到擔(dān)心，據(jù)該企業(yè)的一份內(nèi)部備忘錄顯示，公司正面臨著巨大的利潤增長壓力。一位華為高管表示，作為公司旗艦業(yè)務(wù)的智能手機(jī)業(yè)務(wù)，并沒有達(dá)成自身的利潤目標(biāo)。

華為，作為一家近年來迅速成長并躋身成為世界第三大智能手機(jī)制造商的公司，以縮小與行業(yè)巨頭蘋果和三星之間的差距為目標(biāo)而努力。但華為正在面臨著巨大的挑戰(zhàn)，去年，Oppo擊敗華為，成為中國這一全球最大市場上所占份額最大的智能手機(jī)制造商。

盡管2016年華為的收入超過其預(yù)期目標(biāo)，但這并沒有達(dá)到華為移動部門自身的利潤目標(biāo)。本周，在巴塞羅那召開的世界移動通信大會（Mobile World Congress）上，華為消費者業(yè)務(wù)部門（包括移動設(shè)備運營）CEO余承東接受了路透社的采訪。

余承東在采訪中表示，華為移動部門的營收約占到華為總營收的1/3左右，“移動部門仍在盈利，但利潤率非常低。”

上周五，華為CEO任正非在內(nèi)部信中鞭策所有員工努力工作，否則公司將面臨解體的風(fēng)險。

任正非在內(nèi)部信中表示，“三十多歲的青壯年，不努力工作，只想著躺在床上數(shù)錢，這可能嗎？華為不會為不努力工作的人支付工資?！?/p>

任正非這一言論令華為17萬員工中的部分人不安，他們中約有45%來自于產(chǎn)品研發(fā)部門，華為員工曾在線上社交媒體中表示，這個部門的員工最缺乏安全感。

一名36歲的華為消費者業(yè)務(wù)部工程師表示，“每個人都很緊張。”由于話題的敏感性，他并沒有透露詳細(xì)的身份信息。

“我們都在為下一步做更多的打算，我們也都意識到了得到一份長期合同已經(jīng)不太可能了?！?/p>

華為內(nèi)部人士表示，公司每年的淘汰率一直維持在5%，除此之外，那些表現(xiàn)不夠優(yōu)秀的員工會被調(diào)到公司其他非重要崗位。

該公司在回復(fù)電郵中表示，“華為目前并沒有裁員計劃?！币膊⑽淳痛耸掳l(fā)表進(jìn)一步回應(yīng)。

精兵簡政

在今年的新年致辭中，華為消費者業(yè)務(wù)部門CEO余承東表示，公司要實行“精兵簡政”戰(zhàn)略，公司2017年的要以盈利作為最主要的目標(biāo)。

余承東在內(nèi)部信中表示，“華為將通過各層面組織架構(gòu)、人員和細(xì)節(jié)的調(diào)整來提高效率和盈利能力。公司將嚴(yán)格控制成本和風(fēng)險以確保健康平穩(wěn)的發(fā)展?！?/p>

“我們將不再容忍那些低效率的管理人員，在某一職位工作多年卻沒有顯著提高的員工將成為優(yōu)先裁員對象?！?/p>

2015年華為凈利潤為56.9億美元。

華為目前正面臨著上市的壓力，公司股權(quán)分散掌握在8萬多名員工手中，華為一位股東表示，2016年華為的每股分紅從1.98元降至1.53元。

去年，華為開始打響國際市場爭奪戰(zhàn)，通過足球運動員梅西、好萊塢影星斯嘉麗?約翰遜和亨利?卡維爾代言，進(jìn)一步提高華為在國際市場上的知名度。

但分析人士指出，華為的巨大投入并未換來預(yù)期結(jié)果。去年三星Note7手機(jī)電池事件曝光后，華為的競爭對手們迅速瓜分了這部分市場份額。

余承東對路透社表示，“在市場營銷這一領(lǐng)域，我們將控制預(yù)算。我們不會在營銷和品牌上有過多的投入，而是在技術(shù)、創(chuàng)新、零售和服務(wù)上有更多的投入?！?/p>

華為的主營業(yè)務(wù)是電信設(shè)備和服務(wù)，去年12月，華為稱2016年盈利同比增長32%，達(dá)到748億美元，華為將在3月31日披露完整財報。

任正非在上周五的內(nèi)部信中表示，華為的目標(biāo)是在三年內(nèi)趕超蘋果的服務(wù)和Oppo的利潤率。

但分析人士認(rèn)為，隨著行業(yè)競爭加劇，華為將面臨更為艱難的一年。Strategy Analytics 的分析師琳達(dá)?隋表示，“我們并不認(rèn)為華為會在2017年輕易地奪回中國市場，主要是因為華為在三四線城市和農(nóng)村地區(qū)的覆蓋率太低?！保ㄘ敻恢形木W(wǎng)）

譯者：于悅

Staff at China's Huawei Technologies are bracing for possible jobs cuts after internal memos highlighted intense pressure to improve earnings and an executive said the flagship smartphone business had missed internal profit targets.

Huawei, which rose rapidly to become the world's third-largest smartphone maker, is aiming to narrow the gap with leaders Apple and Samsung Electronics. But the company faces challenges after losing its top spot in China, the world's biggest market, to new contender Oppo last year.

Huawei's mobile unit missed an internal profit target for 2016 even though revenues exceeded targets, Richard Yu, head of its consumer business division that includes mobile device operation, told Reuters in an interview at the Barcelona Mobile World Congress this week.

"It is still profitable but the profit margin is very low," Yu said of the unit that contributes around one third to the group's revenue.

In an internal memo sent last Friday, Huawei Group founder and CEO Ren Zhengfei urged all employees to work hard, saying the company would otherwise "fall apart."

"Thirty-something strong men, don't work hard, just want to count money in bed, is that possible?," Ren said in the memo seen by Reuters. "Huawei will not pay for those that don’t work hard."

The remarks have unnerved some of Huawei's 170,000-strong workforce, 45% of which are in research and development, a division said by Huawei staff in online communities to be most insecure.

"Everybody is nervous," said a 36-year old engineer in Huawei’s consumer business unit who declined to be identified due to the sensitivity of the issue.

"We are now all thinking more of the next steps, realizing permanent employment with the company is no longer a given."

According to company insiders, Huawei maintained its 5% annual quota to eliminate the worst performers, but was seen indirectly pushing underperformers out by asking them to relocate to undesirable posts.

"Huawei does not have layoff plan," the company said in an emailed response, declining further comment.

STREAMLINING

Consumer business chief Yu said in his New Year's address to staff that the company needed to adhere to a "streamline strategy" in personnel as well as product portfolio as it must make profitability its focus in 2017.

"We will seek to improve efficiency and profitability by focusing on organizations at all levels, every employee, and every detail, and strictly control costs and risks to ensure sound development, " Yu said in the memo, seen by Reuters.

"We will not tolerate low-performing managers, and prioritize removal of managers who fail to make noteworthy improvements after working in a position for several years."

Huawei made a net profit of $5.69 billion in 2015.

In another sign of profit pressure at Huawei, which is unlisted and collectively owned by some 80,000 employees, the company cut its dividend to 1.53 yuan per share in 2016 from 1.98 yuan a year earlier, according to a shareholder source.

Huawei splashed out on international marketing campaigns last year, getting footballer Lionel Messi and Hollywood stars Scarlett Johannson and Henry Cavill as brand ambassadors.

But analysts said the spending did not win it as much market share as expected, as rivals piled in to fill a gap in the market left by Samsung after a costly recall of its flagship Note 7 smartphone in October.

"In marketing, we will control our budget," Yu told Reuters. "We are not spending too much on marketing and branding. We invest more money on technology and innovation, and in retail and services."

Huawei, whose main business is telecom equipment and services, said in December it expects 2016 revenue to rise 32% to $74.8 billion. It is due to release full results on March 31.

The company aims to catch up with Apple's service and Oppo's profit margin in three years, according to another memo sent last Friday by Ren.

Yet analysts expect tough year ahead as competition heats up. "We don’t expect Huawei will easily regain No. 1 position in 2017 in China market, mainly due to less-developed distribution channel in low tier cities and rural areas," said Strategy Analytics analyst Linda Sui.