56歲的福特汽車公司CEO馬克·菲爾茨，在該汽車公司任職28年后，失去了“掌舵人”的職位。

今年，福特進(jìn)行了多次汽車召回，并被披露將進(jìn)行大幅裁員。與此同時(shí)，股東們對(duì)于公司的未來前景，正在逐漸失去信心。福特目前的市值約為436億美元，比電動(dòng)汽車廠商特斯拉（Tesla）低了70億美元，而特斯拉還只能階段性地實(shí)現(xiàn)盈利。

關(guān)于菲爾茨，我們需要知道以下三件事：

1. 菲爾茨小時(shí)候想成為一名宇航員，1989年加入福特，曾在世界各地任職。但據(jù)《華爾街日?qǐng)?bào)》報(bào)道，2006年，福特前任CEO艾倫·穆拉利加入公司時(shí)，沒有人想到菲爾茨會(huì)繼續(xù)擔(dān)任公司北美業(yè)務(wù)負(fù)責(zé)人。為什么？原因之一是，當(dāng)年福特虧損126億美元，但菲爾茨依舊乘坐公司的公務(wù)機(jī)回家。

但此事被曝光后，菲爾茨停止了這種做法。而且他很快便成為穆拉利的左膀右臂，并且兩人配合默契。《華爾街日?qǐng)?bào)》稱，在菲爾茨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，北美業(yè)務(wù)很快成為福特的“搖錢樹”。菲爾茨在2012年被任命為福特首席運(yùn)營(yíng)官，2014年擔(dān)任首席執(zhí)行官。

2. 雖然菲爾茨的薪酬在2016年大幅上漲約19%，達(dá)到2,210萬(wàn)美元，但福特公司的股價(jià)卻在同期下跌了近14%。在股東眼中，公司的價(jià)值在不斷縮水。自菲爾茨2014年年中擔(dān)任CEO以來，福特股價(jià)下跌了36%。

4月份，電動(dòng)汽車廠商特斯拉的市值首次超過福特后，菲爾茨告訴《財(cái)富》雜志：“我們不會(huì)按照每天的股價(jià)波動(dòng)來管理公司，但我們始終致力于創(chuàng)造股東價(jià)值?！?/p>

現(xiàn)在福特選擇了另外一位CEO，顯然股東們并不認(rèn)為菲爾茨兌現(xiàn)了他的承諾。

3. 在菲爾茨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，福特開始將特斯拉和自動(dòng)駕駛汽車作為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手，投入大量資金開發(fā)電動(dòng)汽車和自動(dòng)駕駛汽車。這些投入是導(dǎo)致公司股價(jià)持續(xù)低迷的原因之一。菲爾茨在幾個(gè)月前曾警告稱，受到這些投入的拖累，公司利潤(rùn)將會(huì)下降，直到2018年才能開始反彈。菲爾茨的繼任者、62歲的吉姆·哈克特此前在福特負(fù)責(zé)的部門，從事無(wú)人駕駛技術(shù)的開發(fā)。（財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)）

譯者：劉進(jìn)龍/汪皓

The 56-year-old CEO of Ford Motor Company, Mark Fields, has lost his job as the company's head honcho after spending some 28 years with the automaker.

That comes as Ford has issued a number of recalls this year, and is said to be planning significant cuts to its workforce. Meanwhile, shareholders have been gradually losing faith in the company's future. Ford's market capitalization is now about $43.6 billion—$7 billion lower than that of Tesla (tsla, -0.15%), an electric carmaker that is only intermittently profitable.

Here are three things to know about Fields:

1. Fields, who wanted to be an astronaut early on in life, has been with the company since 1989, working in various locations around the world. But when the previous Ford CEO, Alan Mulally, joined in 2006, Fields was not expected to stay on as the company's head of North America operations, the Wall Street Journal reported. Why? For one thing, it didn't help that Fields was using the company's corporate jet to fly home even as Ford was losing $12.6 billion that year.

But when that fact came to light, Fields gave up the travel option. And he was soon working closely—and working well—with Mulally. Under Fields' guidance, the North American operations soon became Ford's "profit engine," the Journal wrote. Fields was named Ford COO in 2012 and CEO in 2014.

2. Though Fields' pay jumped roughly 19% to $22.1 million in 2016, Ford shares had fallen nearly 14% in the same period. The company's value has continued to erode in shareholder's eyes. Since Fields took on the role of CEO in mid-2014, shares of Ford have dropped 36%.

"We don't manage our company on day-to-day stock price movements, but we are absolutely committed to creating shareholder value," Fields told Fortune in April, after the market cap of electric carmaker Tesla first rose above Ford's.

Considering that Ford (f, +1.84%) is moving to another CEO, shareholders don't seem to think Fields has fulfilled that commitment.

3. Under Fields, Ford began taking on Tesla and autonomous vehicles, spending funds to developing electric and self-driving cars. It is partly due to those investments that the carmaker's stock has remained low. The CEO warned a few months ago that company profits would sag due to that spending, and wouldn't rebound until 2018. Fields' replacement, 62-year-old Jim Hackett, heads a division of Ford that develops driverless technology.