成人小说亚洲一区二区三区,亚洲国产精品一区二区三区,国产精品成人精品久久久,久久综合一区二区三区,精品无码av一区二区,国产一级a毛一级a看免费视频,欧洲uv免费在线区一二区,亚洲国产欧美中日韩成人综合视频,国产熟女一区二区三区五月婷小说,亚洲一区波多野结衣在线

立即打開
征收擁堵費能緩解擁堵嗎?

征收擁堵費能緩解擁堵嗎?

Tamara Warren 2019-05-26
這一計劃預(yù)計于2021年生效,所得資金將用于修繕紐約市境況不佳的地鐵線路。

路上的“C”標(biāo)志是為了告知司機,他們即將進入倫敦的交通擁堵收費區(qū)。圖片來源:Scott Barbour—Getty Images

擁堵費是司機在高峰時段進入大流量地區(qū)需要繳納的費用,這項收費即將在美國落地。作為州財政預(yù)算的一部分,紐約州的立法者已經(jīng)通過決議,向進入曼哈頓第61大街以下的機動車輛收取日常費用。這一計劃預(yù)計于2021年生效,所得資金將用于修繕紐約市境況不佳的地鐵線路。

多年來,倫敦、斯德哥爾摩、米蘭和部分國際大都市的司機也在繳納類似的費用。倫敦交通局(Transport for London)的數(shù)據(jù)顯示,2003年至今,倫敦市中心的私家車數(shù)量已經(jīng)減少了30%,而規(guī)定實行的最初三年,這項費用還導(dǎo)致一氧化二氮排放量減少了17%。不過Uber和Lyft等租賃汽車服務(wù)的爆炸式增長削弱了政策的效果,它們在繼續(xù)給倫敦人制造著擁堵。

專家指出,紐約的計劃明顯不同,很難預(yù)測它的影響。紐約大學(xué)魯丁交通中心(Rudin Center for Transportation)的主任米切爾·L.·莫斯表示:“倫敦這個城市與紐約很不一樣,紐約的收費區(qū)域比倫敦大得多?!?/p>

費城和洛杉磯也在考慮類似的計劃,不過莫斯指出,紐約不同于其他美國城市,因為它有24小時開放的地鐵,對汽車的依賴性相對較低:“可以在紐約推行計劃的真正原因在于搭乘公共交通工具的人是開車的五倍?!?/p>

不過在將通勤者趕回?fù)頂D的地鐵這個問題上,如果立法者不迅速升級年久失修的運輸系統(tǒng),紐約市和紐約州恐怕會面臨先有雞還是先有蛋的難題。(財富中文網(wǎng))

本文另一版本登載于《財富》雜志2019年6月刊,標(biāo)題為《美國堵車的歐洲解決方案》。

譯者:嚴(yán)匡正

Congestion charges—fees paid by drivers to enter highly trafficked areas in peak times—are coming to America. As part of the state budget, New York lawmakers have approved a daily charge on motor vehicles entering Manhattan below 61st Street. The plan is scheduled to go into effect in 2021, with the proceeds used to fix N.Y.C.’s ailing subway lines.

Drivers in London, Stockholm, Milan, and a handful of other international cities have been subject to similar charges for years. Since 2003, the number of private cars in central London has declined by 30%, according to transit authority Transport for London, and in its first three years, the tax was credited with a 17% reduction of nitrous oxide emissions. But its success has been tempered by the explosion of for-hire vehicles from services such as Uber and Lyft, which continue to create congestion for Londoners.

Experts point out that New York’s plan is distinct, and its impact is hard to estimate. “London is a very different city from New York,” says Mitchell L. Moss, director of NYU’s Rudin Center for Transportation. “It’s a much larger area than what’s [taxed] in London.”

Philadelphia and L.A. are considering similar schemes, but Moss points out that New York stands out from other U.S. cities because its 24-hour subway system makes it less dependent on cars: “The real reason you can do it in New York is five times as many people come in by mass transit as come in by car.”

But when it comes to shifting commuters back to overcrowded subways, the city and state could face a chicken-and-egg scenario, if lawmakers don’t act quickly to make updates to the aging transit system.

A version of this article appears in the June 2019 issue of Fortune with the headline “A Euro Solution for American Gridlock.”

掃描二維碼下載財富APP
无码人妻丰满熟妇啪啪网站| 国产乱子伦无码精品小说| 人人插人人操人人摸| 久久久精品人妻一区亚美研究所| 成人区人妻精品一区二区不卡网站| 久久九九日本韩国精品| 色综合久久久无码中文字幕| 亚洲AV片不卡无码在线a | 国产AV一区二区三区天堂综合网| 久久久久女人精品毛片九一| 日韩中文字幕久久精品| 久久夜噜噜噜亚洲AV蜜臀| 国产日产欧洲自拍女人高潮| 欧美精品性爱久久久午夜视频| 免费a级毛片av无码中文字幕| 中文字幕在线人成视频| 永久免费老妇女性较大毛片在线| 99热门精品一区二区三区无码| 青草青草亚洲一区二区| 久久天堂一区二区三区| 欧美精品成人一区二区在线观看| 精品国产AV无码一区二区三区| 国产学生粉嫩喷水在线观看| 国产区视频在线观看日韩午夜三级| 真人作爱90分钟免费看视频| 国产乱子伦在线观看| 一边摸一边抽搐一进一出视频| 免费黄色看片网站| 国产综合亚洲专区在线视频免费| 色宅男看片午夜大片啪啪| 日韩国产欧美一区二区三区| 大陆少妇无码在线观看| 少妇人妻无码专区在线视频| 久久这里只有精品18| 中文无码一区二区不卡αv| 在线成人精品国产区免费| 亚洲视频精品在线观看| 日韩一区三区视频| 亚洲成AV动漫人片在线观看无码| 中国女人内谢69XXXX免费视频| 久久香蕉国产线看观看45|