12年來，這是第一次看到通用汽車公司將近5萬工人罷工。

瑞士信貸（Credit Suisse）分析師丹·利維表示，罷工可能會讓公司每天損失5000萬美元。通用汽車的股價受到?jīng)_擊，截至周一午盤下跌約3%。

想知道背后的原因以及正在做什么來結(jié)束罷工？下面是一些答案。

通用汽車工人為何罷工？

通用汽車和全美汽車工人聯(lián)合會（United Auto Workers）正在就一份為期四年的新合同進行談判，但在關(guān)鍵問題上仍存在很大分歧。所謂的關(guān)鍵問題是指工資、福利和工作保障。

罷工將持續(xù)多久？

目前還很難說。合同談判仍在繼續(xù)（周一上午10點又重啟了）。

不過，之前的罷工時間都不短。1970年的罷工持續(xù)了67天。1998年密歇根州弗林特市的一次罷工持續(xù)了54天。

罷工是否意味著我買不了通用汽車了？

如果你想買凱迪拉克、雪佛蘭、別克、GMC或其他通用品牌的汽車，這段時間買應(yīng)該沒問題。該公司預(yù)見到罷工的發(fā)生，提前增加了庫存。考克斯汽車（Cox Automotive）說，通用汽車的庫存足夠供應(yīng)77天（包括轎車、卡車和SUV），遠遠高于該行業(yè)61天的平均庫存量。轎車的庫存略低，僅夠供59天，不過仍高于行業(yè)標準。

通用汽車答應(yīng)了汽車工人聯(lián)合會什么？

雖然罷工談判通常是保密的，但通用汽車周日不同尋常地公開宣布了它向工會做出的承諾，這或許是因為公眾和政客開始在這場備受關(guān)注的戰(zhàn)斗中選邊站，通用汽車想表示自己已經(jīng)為談判做出了真誠的努力。

通用汽車表示，它已向工會提供了70多億美元的投資，并承諾再增加5400個工作崗位。該公司還表示，將在四年的協(xié)議期內(nèi)提高工資，為工會每名成員提供8000美元的簽約獎金，并將改進利潤分配方式。該公司還表示要為計劃關(guān)閉的兩家裝配廠提供“解決方案”。

汽車工人聯(lián)合會想要通用汽車做什么？

For the first time in 12 years, General Motors has seen its workers—nearly 50,000 of them—walk off the job.

It's a work action that could cost the company $50 million per day, according to Dan Levy, an analyst at Credit Suisse. And the company's stock is taking a hit, falling roughly 3% by midday Monday.

Confused about what's behind all of this and what's being done to end the strike? We've got a few answers for you.

Why are GM workers on strike?

GM and the United Auto Workers are negotiating a new four-year contract and remain far apart on key issues. The key issues are wages, benefits, and job security.

How long will the GM strike last?

That's unclear right now. Contract talks are continuing (and began again at 10 a.m. Monday).

Previous strikes have gone the distance, though. A 1970 walkout lasted 67 days. And a strike in Flint, Mich. in 1998 went on for 54 days.

Does this strike mean I won't be able to buy a GM car?

If you're in the market for a Cadillac, Chevrolet, Buick, GMC, or any other GM-branded vehicle, you should be fine for a while. The company saw this strike coming and built up its available supply. Cox Automotive says GM has a 77-day supply of vehicles (including cars, trucks and SUVs), well above the industry's 61 day average. It's a bit lower on cars alone, having a 59-day supply, though that's still above the industry norm.

What is GM offering the UAW?

While strike negotiations are generally kept under wraps, General Motors took the unusual move Sunday of publicly announcing what it had offered the union, perhaps to show it has made good faith negotiation efforts as the public and politicians begin to take sides in the now spotlighted battle.

GM says it has offered the union over $7 billion in investments and has pledged to add another 5,400 jobs. It also says it's offering wage increases for all four years of the deal, an $8,000 signing bonus per membe, and an improved profit sharing formula. It's also offering "solutions" for two assembly plants that are scheduled to close.

What does the UAW want from GM?

全美汽車工人聯(lián)合會沒有像通用汽車那樣表明立場。不貴，該工會正試圖阻止密歇根州、俄亥俄州和馬里蘭州的四家工廠關(guān)閉。它希望給初級工人加薪。它還表示，醫(yī)保對于工人而言是重中之重。工會可能也在尋求讓臨時工成為固定員工以及縮小臨時工和固定員工之間工資差距的方式。

腐敗指控又是怎么回事？

就在勞動合同的最后期限臨近之際，工會主席加里·瓊斯卷入了一起聯(lián)邦腐敗調(diào)查。有消息向彭博社（Bloomberg），瓊斯和其他幾人被控長期參與謀劃侵吞會員會費，用于購買豪華別墅和商品等。

到目前為止，他還沒有丟掉工作，但沒有出現(xiàn)在宣布罷工的新聞發(fā)布會上。(不過，有關(guān)罷工的新聞聲明援引了他的話。)

本次罷工和2007年相比有何不同？

2007年的罷工只持續(xù)了幾天，起因是20天不成功的談判。不過，值得注意的是，那次罷工中有7.3萬名工人參與。49年前的一次罷工中，工會代表了40萬名工人的利益。參加罷工的工人人數(shù)越少，在全國的影響就越小。

通用汽車是唯一一家面臨罷工的車企嗎？

目前來說,是的。通用汽車是第一家與汽車工人聯(lián)合會談判的車企。稍后該工會將與福特和菲亞特克萊斯勒進行談判。估計通用汽車最終達成的協(xié)議將成為這些汽車制造商的模版。但是，到目前為止，工會還沒有透露下一個談判對象是誰。（財富中文網(wǎng)）

譯者：Agatha

The UAW isn't showing its hand the way GM has. However, it's trying to stop the closure of four plants in Michigan, Ohio, and Maryland. It wants pay raises for entry-level workers. And it has said health care is a priority for workers. The union is also likely looking for paths for temporary workers to become permanent and to close the wage gap between those workers and permanent employees.

What's this I hear about corruption charges?

Gary Jones, president of the union, was implicated in a federal corruption probe right as the deadline for the labor contract drew near. Sources tell Bloomberg Jones is one of several people accused of taking part in a long-term conspiracy to embezzle member dues and spend them on luxury villas and merchandise.

So far, he has kept his job, but did not appear at a press conference where the strike was announced. (He was quoted in the press statement about the strike, however.)

How will this GM strike compare to the one in 2007?

The 2007 work action only lasted a couple of days and came after 20 days of unsuccessful talks. What's notable, though, is that action saw 73,000 workers walking the picket lines. And a strike 49 years ago saw the union representing 400,000 workers. A smaller number of workers on strike has a smaller impact on the national scene.

Is GM the only automaker facing a strike?

For now, yes. GM was the first manufacturer to negotiate with the UAW. Talks with Ford and Fiat Chrysler will come later. It's expected that the deal GM ultimately strikes will set the precedent for those automakers. But, so far, the union hasn't said who it will begin bargaining with next.