????斯坦福大學(xué)（Stanford）2012屆的MBA畢業(yè)生進(jìn)入職場(chǎng)后的平均起薪（含獎(jiǎng)金）約為140,459美元——比薪酬最高的哈佛大學(xué)（Howard）MBA畢業(yè)生的平均工資只少了2,042美元。但最近有趨勢(shì)顯示，六位數(shù)的工資可能正在逐漸失去往日的吸引力。MBA畢業(yè)生現(xiàn)在追求的是更模糊、更變幻無(wú)常的目標(biāo)——成就感。

????斯坦福大學(xué)商學(xué)研究院（Graduate School of Business，GSB）進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)職業(yè)與就業(yè)趨勢(shì)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，學(xué)校千禧年的商學(xué)院畢業(yè)生選擇了個(gè)人發(fā)展，放棄了以往能夠提供高額薪資的大公司所提供的機(jī)會(huì)。斯坦福大學(xué)商學(xué)研究院就業(yè)管理中心主任普林?賽格威表示，二十年前，MBA畢業(yè)生主要選擇的是潛在雇主的品牌和聲譽(yù)，他們更偏愛(ài)華爾街和咨詢(xún)公司。學(xué)生們想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為這些工作能給他們的簡(jiǎn)歷增加份量。

????但現(xiàn)在，MBA畢業(yè)生卻致力于創(chuàng)建自己的個(gè)人品牌。賽格威稱(chēng)，他們更愿意花更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，找那些雖然薪酬較低但卻能為他們提供強(qiáng)化其商業(yè)技能和真實(shí)體驗(yàn)的工作。尤其是創(chuàng)業(yè)公司，吸引了越來(lái)越多的MBA畢業(yè)生。他補(bǔ)充說(shuō)：“這些學(xué)生并不認(rèn)為，創(chuàng)業(yè)公司必須要上市，否則就是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。相反，他們認(rèn)為，他們可以從中學(xué)到如何創(chuàng)辦一家公司，如何招聘，以及如何將公司上市?！?/p>

????有一些學(xué)生避開(kāi)了傳統(tǒng)雇主，轉(zhuǎn)而選擇自主創(chuàng)業(yè)。自2011年以來(lái)畢業(yè)的斯坦福商學(xué)院學(xué)生，有13%至16%選擇了自己開(kāi)公司，而在十年前，這個(gè)比例僅有10%。2004年，僅有7%的畢業(yè)生計(jì)劃創(chuàng)業(yè)。

????人們很容易就認(rèn)為，這一代學(xué)生不關(guān)心風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。但賽格威卻并不這么認(rèn)為：“他們非常清楚風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。但他們也明白，雖然事件風(fēng)險(xiǎn)可能很高，但長(zhǎng)期風(fēng)險(xiǎn)相對(duì)較低。”而且，在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，MBA畢業(yè)生們可以掌握下一次再開(kāi)公司時(shí)所需要的關(guān)鍵技能。

????這種轉(zhuǎn)變?cè)谒固垢Ｐ纬闪艘粋€(gè)新流行語(yǔ)——尖刺一族（spiky）。“尖刺一族”MBA學(xué)生特別擅長(zhǎng)三到四種獨(dú)特的技能，讓他們?cè)谒腥酥忻摲f而出，而不是做一個(gè)樣樣稀松的普通學(xué)生。賽格威說(shuō)：“我們希望學(xué)生圍繞他們最擅長(zhǎng)的東西打造自己的專(zhuān)業(yè)身份?！边@些學(xué)生走入社會(huì)后會(huì)尋找那些獨(dú)一無(wú)二、專(zhuān)業(yè)性強(qiáng)的工作。

????而在目前嚴(yán)峻的經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)下，要找到這樣特殊的職位無(wú)疑非常困難。但賽格威表示，市場(chǎng)卻越來(lái)越支持這種方式。過(guò)去，MBA的工作主要集中在幾個(gè)行業(yè)，甚至只集中在幾家最受歡迎的雇主那里?，F(xiàn)在，他們可以馳騁的舞臺(tái)越來(lái)越大，也越來(lái)越多樣化。

????統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字佐證了賽格威的觀點(diǎn)。2012年，斯坦福大學(xué)786名MBA畢業(yè)生被367家機(jī)構(gòu)聘用。學(xué)校81%的雇主僅聘用了一名MBA學(xué)生，只有1%的雇主聘用了五位或超過(guò)五位MBA畢業(yè)生。賽格威說(shuō)：“看著（就業(yè)）統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)，人們可能會(huì)認(rèn)為，現(xiàn)在的畢業(yè)生沒(méi)有趕上好時(shí)代。但實(shí)際上，這是學(xué)校歷史上最有積極影響力的時(shí)代。學(xué)生們擁有大把機(jī)會(huì)，他們可以根據(jù)對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)最重要的因素，來(lái)選擇最合適的職業(yè)?！?/p>

????Stanford MBAs graduating in 2012 waltzed out of school and into career opportunities with an average starting salary, including bonuses, of $140,459 - just $2,042 shy of the average salary scored by the top-paid Harvard MBAs. But recent trends indicate that six-figure salaries may have lost some of their sheen. MBAs are now in pursuit of a mushier and far more fickle goal -- fulfillment.

????A study of career and employment trends by Stanford's Graduate School of Business found that the school's millennial B-school graduates are choosing personal development over opportunities with traditional hiring heavyweights, which typically pay the big bucks. Twenty years ago, MBAs focused on the brand and prestige of potential employers, with a tendency to favor Wall Street and consulting firms, says Pulin Sanghvi, director of Stanford GSB's Career Management Center. Students rightfully assumed these jobs would add luster to the resumes.

????Now, however, MBAs are focusing on building their personal brands. They're more willing to search longer for lower paying jobs that provide an opportunity to bolster their business "tool kits" with down-and-dirty experience, Sanghvi says. Startups, in particular, are drawing more MBAs. "There's not the attitude that this company has to be an IPO or it's a waste of time," he adds. "Instead, students are realizing that they'll learn how to build a company, how to hire people, how to take a company public."

????Some students are eschewing traditional employers altogether and striking out on their own. Since 2011, between 13% to 16% of Stanford B-school graduates have opted to start their own companies, compared with a 10% average for most of the previous decade -- in 2004, only 7% of graduates planned to launch entrepreneurial ventures.

????It's easy to assume that this generation is simply less concerned with risk. But Sanghvi doesn't see it that way: "They're aware of risk. But they also understand that even though the event risk may be high, the longer term risk isn't that high." And, in the process, these MBAs stand to gain critical skills for starting their next company.

????This shift has also spawned a new buzzword at Stanford -- spikiness. Spiky MBAs specialize in three or four unique skills that make them stand out, as opposed to being just mediocre at a lot of things. "We want students to build their professional identifies around a few things that they can be the best at," Sanghvi says. These spiky MBAs then go out into the world in search of unique and specialized jobs.

????Finding that special role is undoubtedly a rough road in a tough economy. But the market is increasingly supportive of this approach, Sanghvi says. In the past, MBA jobs were aggregated in a few industries and then concentrated even further to just a handful of sought-after employers. Now, the playing field is larger and more diverse than it has ever been, Sanghvi says.

????The numbers back him up. In 2012, Stanford's 786 MBAs were hired across 367 organizations. Some 81% of the school's employer base hired just one MBA, and only 1% of the employer base hired five MBAs or more. "If you look at the [employment] statistics you might conclude that this is a scary time to graduate, but honestly this is the most empowering time in the history of the school," Sanghvi says. "Students have so much opportunity that they want to find the right fit that's consistent with what matters most to them."