????想辦法讓我們的大腦“暫時(shí)離開一下”，可以讓我們保持專注，更好的完成任務(wù)。

????領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力內(nèi)部網(wǎng)絡(luò)是一個(gè)在線社區(qū)，最有思想、最具影響力的商界人士將在此回答關(guān)于職業(yè)與領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力的問(wèn)題。今天我們的問(wèn)題是：對(duì)于如何在工作中保持效率？以下為Turnstone公司總經(jīng)理布萊恩?夏普蘭的回答。

????電子郵件通知，響個(gè)不停的電話鈴，同事津津有味吃午餐的聲音……在你讀完這篇文章的過(guò)程中——當(dāng)然，如果你能夠堅(jiān)持讀完的話——至少有其中一件事會(huì)干擾你的思考；威脅你的工作進(jìn)度、質(zhì)量和效率。

????作家戴維?羅克在《別把腦袋放冰箱》（Your Brain at Work）一書中提到，辦公室員工平均每三分鐘便會(huì)被打斷一次，而要從被打斷的狀態(tài)中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)，需要付出很高的代價(jià)。事實(shí)上，一項(xiàng)任務(wù)被打斷后，我們平均需要23分鐘才能完全恢復(fù)到正常工作狀態(tài)。此外，神經(jīng)科學(xué)的研究結(jié)果，也確認(rèn)了我們已知的一個(gè)事實(shí)：人類大腦無(wú)法連續(xù)八個(gè)小時(shí)保持精神高度集中。大腦也會(huì)疲勞！為了使我們能夠?qū)χ車沫h(huán)境保持警醒并做出響應(yīng)，我們的大腦也要有活動(dòng)與休整的周期。事實(shí)證明，要通過(guò)掌握這種周期來(lái)提高工作效率，可沒有那么容易。

????根據(jù)腦科學(xué)研究的事實(shí)，面對(duì)信息的狂轟濫炸和進(jìn)行多任務(wù)處理的誘惑，我們?cè)撊绾螌?shí)現(xiàn)平衡？我們?nèi)绾巫畲蟪潭鹊靥岣吖ぷ餍剩?/p>

????過(guò)多信息會(huì)降低工作效率

????精神病學(xué)專家，作家愛德華?M?哈洛韋爾的研究顯示：“從古至今，人類的大腦從未像今天這樣，需要跟蹤如此多的數(shù)據(jù)點(diǎn)。”所以，馬上回復(fù)短信或電子郵件，會(huì)增加壓力和挫敗感，進(jìn)而影響工作效率。因此，我們應(yīng)該每天安排出特定的時(shí)間，用于查看電子郵件。此外，想辦法展示關(guān)鍵信息，以便于查詢。將數(shù)據(jù)張貼在附近的白板或磁性防窺片上，意味著你不需要在一大堆文件當(dāng)中翻找，因?yàn)檫@項(xiàng)不必要的工作所需要的時(shí)間，會(huì)超出你的想象。

????練習(xí)正念

????事實(shí)上，你可以重新訓(xùn)練大腦的專注能力。正念可以幫助你的思想適應(yīng)當(dāng)時(shí)當(dāng)?shù)氐沫h(huán)境。事實(shí)證明，這種練習(xí)可以解決琳達(dá)?斯通在20年前所提出的“持續(xù)性部分注意力”問(wèn)題。例如，在我們的辦公室，音樂(lè)可以激發(fā)團(tuán)隊(duì)的活力，創(chuàng)造出一種輕松的氛圍，但許多人也需要短暫的休息。因此，我們提供了一些空間，讓我們的大腦可以“暫時(shí)離開一下”，以便之后更有效地工作。在負(fù)責(zé)需要高度專注的任務(wù)時(shí)，我們的員工通常會(huì)尋找安靜的角落，或者與辦公區(qū)域隔開的休息室。這些選擇既適合單獨(dú)工作，也可以向團(tuán)隊(duì)其他人發(fā)出信號(hào)，委婉地表明“請(qǐng)勿打擾”。

????站起來(lái)，活動(dòng)筋骨

????運(yùn)動(dòng)科學(xué)及其對(duì)大腦的效果是有據(jù)可查的，但Turnstone的調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，僅22%的創(chuàng)業(yè)者表示，他們的員工感覺公司支持他們?cè)诠ぷ鲿r(shí)間追求健康的工作方式。設(shè)計(jì)需要移動(dòng)的辦公室布置，并為團(tuán)隊(duì)規(guī)范積極的行為，是一個(gè)重要的起點(diǎn)。

????用筆來(lái)記筆記

????印第安納大學(xué)的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們?cè)谑褂眉埞P的時(shí)候，神經(jīng)活動(dòng)會(huì)迅速增加。所以，我們應(yīng)該將數(shù)字筆記放在一邊，撿起上學(xué)時(shí)用筆來(lái)記筆記的習(xí)慣。比如，我們可以將關(guān)鍵績(jī)效指標(biāo)和營(yíng)銷信息展示出來(lái)，以保持信息透明，傳達(dá)工作進(jìn)度，或根據(jù)之前的想法進(jìn)行頭腦風(fēng)暴等。這樣做可以形象地展示我們已經(jīng)取得的成就，以及我們未來(lái)希望實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)。

????熟練運(yùn)用云技術(shù)

????不論你使用哪一款云文件存儲(chǔ)工具，你都應(yīng)該熟練使用它，并充分利用它所帶來(lái)的便利。進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)溝通和更新項(xiàng)目文件夾時(shí)，我們的團(tuán)隊(duì)主要依靠云存儲(chǔ)工具，因?yàn)樗梢员苊庀嗤募?、?shù)據(jù)表或幻燈片的反復(fù)移動(dòng)。使用云技術(shù)節(jié)省的時(shí)間，相當(dāng)于你撰寫許多電子郵件的時(shí)間。

????做真實(shí)的自己

????如果你試圖模仿他人或者做自己不擅長(zhǎng)的事情，你便很難保持專注。正因如此，許多辦公室才會(huì)重視初創(chuàng)公司文化的真實(shí)性，90%的受訪者認(rèn)為，辦公室文化對(duì)于員工的效率、創(chuàng)造力和工作滿意度至關(guān)重要。在我們公司，這意味著懸掛家人朋友的照片，在每周的站立會(huì)議上分享個(gè)人和職業(yè)上的成功，并承認(rèn)我們都有迥然不同的工作方式。（財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)）

????譯者：劉進(jìn)龍/汪皓

????審校：任文科

????Find ways to ‘get away without going away’ to keep yourself focused and on task.

????Leadership Insider is an online community where the biggest names in business and beyond answer timely career and leadership questions. Today’s answer for: What’s your best advice for staying productive at work? is written by Brian Shapland, general manager of Turnstone.

????Email notifications. Buzzing phones. The sound of your coworker munching on lunch. Chances are that by the time you finish reading this article—if you even get that far—at least one of these distractions will have derailed your thoughts; threatening deadlines, work quality and overall productivity.

????In his book Your Brain at Work, author David Rock says that the average office worker is interrupted every three minutes, and recovering from this disconnect is costly. In fact, it takes us an average of 23 minutes to fully return to a task after an interruption. That said, discoveries in neuroscience also confirm what we’ve always known: our brains aren’t wired to concentrate intensely for eight hours straight. They get tired! Our minds work in cycles of activity and downtime designed to keep us alert and responsive to our surroundings. But harnessing those cycles to promote productivity proves challenging.

????So how can we balance the onslaught of incoming information and the temptation to multitask with the reality of brain science? What can we do to maximize our productivity in the office?

????Too much information stalls productivity

????According to research by psychiatrist and author Edward M. Hallowell, “Never in history has the human brain been asked to track so many data points.” That’s why responding immediately to a text or email only increases stress and frustration while decreasing effectiveness. Instead, schedule specific times throughout the day to check email. Additionally, find ways to display key information for easy reference. Posting data on nearby whiteboards or magnetic privacy screens means you won’t find yourself sifting through documents unnecessarily, a venture that always consumes more time than you anticipate.

????Practice mindfulness

????You can literally retrain your brain’s ability to focus. Mindfulness, the practice of keeping your thoughts attuned to the here and now, has been shown to combat the “continuous partial attention” as Linda Stone first talked about 20 years ago. In our office, for example, music energizes our team and creates a fun vibe, but many of us need moments of respite, too. That’s why we’ve created spaces that let us ‘get away without going away’ so our minds are better able to function. Our employees regularly seek out private enclaves or physically separated lounge settings for high-focus tasks. Both of these options support solo work and send a subtle “do not disturb” message to the rest of the team.

????Get up and move

????The science of movement and its effect on the brain has been well documented, yet turnstone research shows that only 22% of entrepreneurs say their workers feel encouraged to pursue healthy choices during the day. Designing office floor plans that require movement—and then modeling active behavior for your team—are important starting points.

????Take notes by hand

????Research from Indiana University shows that neural activity spikes when we put pen to paper. So embrace your old-school ways and ditch digital note taking. For example, we display key performance indicators and marketing messages to keep information transparent, communicate progress and brainstorm off previous ideas. This helps us visualize what we’ve already accomplished and what we hope to accomplish in the future.

????Get your head in the cloud

????Regardless of which cloud-based document storage tool you use, get familiar with one and leverage the convenience it offers. Our teams rely heavily on this for real-time communication and for constant updates to project folders, eliminating the back-and-forth of various versions of the same article, spreadsheet or slide deck. The time that’s saved is matched only by the number of emails you’ll save when you use the cloud.

????Be authentic

????It’s hard to focus on anything when you’re trying to be someone—or something—you’re not. That’s why so many offices are embracing the authenticity of startup culture, where 9 out of 10 people identify culture as incredibly important to employee productivity, creativity and job satisfaction. For us, that means bringing in pictures of friends and family, sharing personal and professional victories during our weekly stand-up meetings, and acknowledging that we all work in different ways.