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專欄 - 從華爾街到硅谷

雅虎應(yīng)該接受整體收購(gòu)

Dan Primack 2011年12月06日

Dan Primack專注于報(bào)道交易和交易撮合者,從美國(guó)金融業(yè)到風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資業(yè)均有涉及。此前,Dan是湯森路透(Thomson Reuters)的自由編輯,推出了peHUB.com和peHUB Wire郵件服務(wù)。作為一名新聞工作者,Dan還曾在美國(guó)馬薩諸塞州羅克斯伯里經(jīng)營(yíng)一份社區(qū)報(bào)紙。目前他居住在波士頓附近。
根據(jù)多家媒體報(bào)道,目前雅虎已收到兩宗要約,擬收購(gòu)其20%股權(quán)。站在為公司的未來(lái)著想的立場(chǎng)上,創(chuàng)始人楊致遠(yuǎn)應(yīng)該接受將公司整體(而非部分)出售的方案。

????表面上看,雅虎會(huì)作何選擇顯而易見(jiàn)。董事會(huì)往往都會(huì)接受更高的出價(jià)。但這次情況沒(méi)那么簡(jiǎn)單。

????貝恩資本/百仕通愿意支付更高溢價(jià)的一大原因是他們并不尋求出售亞洲資產(chǎn)。這樣的交易會(huì)給雅虎帶來(lái)幾十億美元的巨額稅單——相比低成本基數(shù)(阿里巴巴是10億美元,雅虎日本為零)。有傳言稱,雅虎將采用“現(xiàn)金充裕剝離”(cash-rich-split-off)方式避免巨額稅單,但這樣做必須得到阿里巴巴和軟銀的配合。如果這兩家公司正在參與收購(gòu)多數(shù)股股權(quán),它們有什么理由要讓收購(gòu)少數(shù)股股權(quán)的交易成功?

????當(dāng)然,反對(duì)者會(huì)說(shuō)貝恩資本和百仕通不能給雅虎帶來(lái)運(yùn)營(yíng)“附加值”,因?yàn)樗鼈兌疾皇蔷鞯目萍纪顿Y公司(至少相比銀湖資本或TPG是這樣)。合理的考量可能是使用杠桿比率。跟我聊過(guò)的人都相信雅虎的主要問(wèn)題是沒(méi)有重點(diǎn),也就是說(shuō)它需要停止大量無(wú)謂的努力,重新回到基于內(nèi)容和電子商務(wù)的廣告核心業(yè)務(wù)。

????有時(shí),因?yàn)榇蟮堕煾臉I(yè)務(wù)重組而鬧得沸沸揚(yáng)揚(yáng)并不是什么好事,但有時(shí)這就是醫(yī)囑。雅虎可能屬于后一類。內(nèi)部人士認(rèn)為如果楊致遠(yuǎn)繼續(xù)持有10%股權(quán)和保留董事會(huì)席位,這些事情就無(wú)法展開(kāi),至少不會(huì)有效地推進(jìn)。而且,感覺(jué)雅虎如果退市,可能運(yùn)營(yíng)起來(lái)會(huì)比作為上市公司更好,至少在不遠(yuǎn)的未來(lái)公司試圖重組的過(guò)程中是這樣。

????談到董事會(huì),我在上周四的文章中已提到過(guò)另一個(gè)問(wèn)題:董事會(huì)必須全部走人。消息走漏得非??欤@幫人根本不可信。但是只有收購(gòu)多數(shù)股股權(quán)才能做到這一點(diǎn),少數(shù)股股權(quán)則不能。

????貝恩資本、百仕通和其亞洲合作伙伴也很有可能不會(huì)出價(jià)。畢竟,我們聽(tīng)到阿里巴巴要競(jìng)購(gòu)可有段時(shí)間了,但從未成真。不過(guò),如果他們真的出價(jià)競(jìng)購(gòu),我看不出雅虎董事會(huì)除了保住在這家日漸衰落的上市公司的董事位置這點(diǎn)私心,還有什么理由拒絕。

????On the face of it, this should be an obvious choice. Boards should usually take the higher price. But this particular situation goes deeper.

????One big reason why Bain/Blackstone can pay a higher premium is because they are not looking to sell the Asia assets. Such deals would result in a massive tax bill for Yahoo – multiple billions of dollars – given its puny cost basis ($1 billion for Alibaba, nothing for Yahoo Japan). There has been some talk of Yahoo doing a "cash-rich-split-off" to avoid such taxes, but such a maneuver can only be done in concert with Alibaba and Softbank. If those two companies are working on a majority bid, why would they enable the minority bid to succeed?

????The counter-argument, of course, is that Bain and Blackstone would offer Yahoo little operational "value-add," as neither is known as a particularly tech-savvy investment firm (at least compared to Silver Lake or TPG). Legit concerns, as would be the likely use of leverage. But everyone I speak with believes that Yahoo's primary problem is a lack of focus. In other words, it needs to stop lots of extraneous efforts and refocus on its core of advertising via content and commerce.

????Sometimes being known for slashing and burning is a bad thing, but sometimes it's just what the doctor ordered. Yahoo is probably in the latter category, and insiders don't see it happening -- at least not as effectively -- if Yang remains a 10% equity holder and board member. Moreover, there is a sense that Yahoo could operate much better as a private company than a public one, at least in the immediate future as it tries to restructure.

????Speaking of the board, that's another issue I discussed yesterday in a blog post: The entire thing has to go. It leaks like the Titanic, making it reliably unreliable. A majority takeover accomplishes this objective. The minority deals do not.

????It remains quite possible that Bain, Blackstone and its Asian partners won't make a bid. After all, we've been hearing about an Alibaba bid for eons and it hasn't yet materialized. But if it does arrive, I really don't see how Yahoo's board can turn it down for any reason other than self-preservation as directors of a fading public company.

????.

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