成人小说亚洲一区二区三区,亚洲国产精品一区二区三区,国产精品成人精品久久久,久久综合一区二区三区,精品无码av一区二区,国产一级a毛一级a看免费视频,欧洲uv免费在线区一二区,亚洲国产欧美中日韩成人综合视频,国产熟女一区二区三区五月婷小说,亚洲一区波多野结衣在线

訂閱

多平臺(tái)閱讀

微信訂閱

雜志

申請(qǐng)紙刊贈(zèng)閱

訂閱每日電郵

移動(dòng)應(yīng)用

專(zhuān)欄 - 與中國(guó)接軌

中國(guó)問(wèn)題主導(dǎo)美國(guó)大選

甘思德 2012年10月25日

甘思德(Scott Kennedy),美國(guó)印第安那大學(xué)中國(guó)政治與商務(wù)研究中心主任 http://www.indiana.edu/~rccpb/
中國(guó)問(wèn)題成了美國(guó)總統(tǒng)選舉辯論的重要議題。奧巴馬和羅姆尼都大打中國(guó)牌,聲稱(chēng)必須讓中國(guó)學(xué)會(huì)遵守國(guó)際社會(huì)的游戲規(guī)則。

????中國(guó)在日前美國(guó)總統(tǒng)大選的第二場(chǎng)和第三場(chǎng)辯論中成了重要議題,而且第二場(chǎng)比第三場(chǎng)更明顯,盡管第三場(chǎng)的主題才是外交政策。奧巴馬和羅姆尼在中國(guó)問(wèn)題上都強(qiáng)調(diào)了美中關(guān)系相互競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的本質(zhì),以及需要讓中國(guó)遵守游戲規(guī)則,但誰(shuí)也沒(méi)有給出多少未來(lái)政策的細(xì)節(jié)。而且,兩人都強(qiáng)調(diào)同樣的設(shè)想:“如果中國(guó)遵守規(guī)則,我們?cè)敢馀c之成為伙伴。”這與克林頓政府執(zhí)政中期以來(lái)采取的方式保持了一致。

????我們從羅姆尼那里聽(tīng)到的最具體表態(tài)是:“從上任第一天起,我就要給中國(guó)貼上貨幣操縱國(guó)的標(biāo)簽?!边@表明,他將因人民幣被低估對(duì)中國(guó)實(shí)施制裁或懲罰。或許如此,但還不一定。在他的表態(tài)和真正實(shí)施制裁之間還有好幾個(gè)環(huán)節(jié),不能一蹴而就。因此,這種“明確”的政策正是羅姆尼行事方式的鮮明寫(xiě)照。實(shí)際上,我們對(duì)于羅姆尼將采取怎樣的中國(guó)政策或世界其他地區(qū)政策完全一無(wú)所知。

????奧巴馬的立場(chǎng)似乎相對(duì)清晰。他將延續(xù)過(guò)去四年所采取的政策,特別是自從2010年至2011年奧巴馬政府將“重心”轉(zhuǎn)移到亞洲以來(lái)的政策。奧巴馬將繼續(xù)尋求世界貿(mào)易組織(WTO)的幫助。因?yàn)檎缢f(shuō),美國(guó)在這方面一直相當(dāng)成功。按照筆者的統(tǒng)計(jì),美國(guó)在日內(nèi)瓦提出的、針對(duì)中國(guó)的貿(mào)易仲裁,10項(xiàng)有9項(xiàng)都是美國(guó)獲勝。他對(duì)泛太平洋伙伴關(guān)系(Trans-Pacific Partnerhsip,簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)TPP)也出人意料地坦誠(chéng)。第三場(chǎng)辯論中,他沒(méi)有提到TPP。但他說(shuō),美國(guó)正在組織地區(qū)內(nèi)國(guó)家實(shí)施一項(xiàng)高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的貿(mào)易和投資標(biāo)準(zhǔn)協(xié)定,這應(yīng)當(dāng)會(huì)給中國(guó)帶來(lái)更多壓力時(shí),其實(shí)說(shuō)的就是TPP。這段概述或許是美國(guó)政府首次在公開(kāi)場(chǎng)合對(duì)TPP協(xié)議作出如此明確地表述,但人們可以明白為什么奧巴馬選擇在競(jìng)選時(shí)期這么干?;蛟S他已得出結(jié)論,中國(guó)絕不可能簽約,至少一開(kāi)始不會(huì),因此,比以前更明確地探討TPP目標(biāo)并沒(méi)有什么害處。

????換個(gè)話題。2011年,中國(guó)銷(xiāo)售了不到9,000輛電動(dòng)或混合電動(dòng)汽車(chē)。當(dāng)時(shí),筆者評(píng)論稱(chēng),對(duì)于一個(gè)據(jù)稱(chēng)非常希望推廣綠色能源的國(guó)家,這是一個(gè)多么可怕的數(shù)據(jù)。結(jié)果狀況卻越變?cè)皆愀狻X?cái)新網(wǎng)(Caixin)的數(shù)據(jù)顯示,2012年前三季度,中國(guó)僅售出了235輛電動(dòng)汽車(chē)。這基本上就是零,表明這個(gè)行業(yè)沒(méi)有獲得任何支持。另?yè)?jù)報(bào)道,中國(guó)出口了7,500輛電動(dòng)汽車(chē)。如果真是這樣的話,這個(gè)行業(yè)模式與太陽(yáng)能行業(yè)一模一樣:95%以上的產(chǎn)品用于出口。這意味著太陽(yáng)能和電動(dòng)汽車(chē)并非中國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)能源或環(huán)保政策的核心內(nèi)容,而是全球貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)略的一部分。

????譯者:早稻米

????China featured prominently in the 2nd and 3rd US presidential debates, in fact, more in the 2nd than the 3rd, even though the latter was on foreign policy. Although there has been handringing in Beijing because President Obama and Governor Romney have emphasized the competitive nature of the relationship and the need to have China play by the rules, neither has given many specifics about policy going forward. Also, both have used essentially the same formulation, "We want to be partners if China plays by the rules." That is essentially consistent with the approach taken since the middle of the Clinton Administration.

????The most detail we got from Romney is that, "On Day One I will label China a currency manipulator." That implies he will institute sanctions or penalties against China because the RMB is undervalued. Maybe, but not necessarily. There are several steps that have to occur between his declaration and sanctions, and none are automatic. So this moment of supposed policy precision is just another example of Romney being Romney. In fact, we have absolute zero idea what Romney's policies toward China -- or essentially anywhere in the world -- will be.

????President Obama's position seems clearer. He'll continue his policies of the last 4 years, particularly since the administration adopted its "pivot" to Asia in 2010/11. Obama will continue to go to the WTO, since as he noted, the US has been so successfl there. By my count, it has won 9 of 10 cases against China in Geneva. He also was perhaps unexpectedly honest about the Trans-Pacific Partnerhsip (TPP). He did not mention these words last night, but when he said the US is organizing countriesi in the region to adopt an agreement on trade and investment principles that sets high standards and that should put additional pressure on China, he meant TPP. This framing gives the agreement a sharper edge than perhaps the administration has been suggesting in public, but one can see why Obama would do so in the context of the campaign. He may have also concluded that there is no way China would ever sign on, at least initially, so there's no harm in being more explicit about the TPP's goals.

????Switching gears, in 2011, China sold less than 9,000 electric or hybrid vehicles. At the time I remarked how this was a horrible record for a country supposedly so intent on promoting green energy. Things have only gotten worse. According to Caixin, in the first 3 quarters of 2012, China has sold only 235 electric cars. That is essentially zero and means there is no support for this sector whatsoever. China reportedly did export 7,500 electric cars. If so, we are seeing the same pattern as in the solar sector: export over 95% of production. This means solar and electric vehicles are part of a global trade strategy but not central to domestic energy or conservation policy.

我來(lái)點(diǎn)評(píng)

  最新文章

最新文章:

中國(guó)煤業(yè)大遷徙

500強(qiáng)情報(bào)中心

財(cái)富專(zhuān)欄

久久国产劲爆AV内射—百度| 丁香婷婷激情俺也去俺来也| 国产精品成人一区二区三区视频| 国产性生大片免费观看性| 国产精品无码dvd在线观看| 日韩精品无码一区二区三区18| 五月天综合网亚洲综合天堂网 | 无码精品久久一区二区三区| 无码人妻精品中文字幕免费东京热| 精品国产成人一区二区99| 狠狠躁天天躁夜夜躁婷婷| 亚洲中国久久精品无码 | 精品免费国偷自产| 国产又爽又乱的视频在线| 无码被窝影院午夜看片爽爽jk| 亚洲中文字幕无码亚洲人成影院| 日本日本乱码伦视频在线观看| 日韩高清无码免费精品| 国产精品无码一区二区三区| 国产精品无码一区二区三区| 禁止的爱善良的秘书| 久久久97人妻无码精品蜜桃| 人妻中文无码久热丝袜| 久久精品国产福利一区二区| 又湿又紧又大又爽又A视频| 亚洲AV最新天堂网址| 自拍视频精品一区二区三区| 惠民福利中文字幕人妻无码乱精品| 大学生久久香蕉国产线看观看| 天天爱天天做天天添天天欢| 国产a∨国片精品白丝美女视频| 亚洲一区二区三区日本久久九| 性色av人妻无码一区| 欧美人与动牲交a免费观看| 欧美亚洲日韩久久精品福利国产精品亚洲综合| 国产午夜成人免费看片无遮挡| 国产精品天天看特色大片| 精品99久久一A毛免费观看| 精品人妻系列无码人妻免费视频| 成人无码一区二区三区网站| 全免费看a级毛片免费看|