成人小说亚洲一区二区三区,亚洲国产精品一区二区三区,国产精品成人精品久久久,久久综合一区二区三区,精品无码av一区二区,国产一级a毛一级a看免费视频,欧洲uv免费在线区一二区,亚洲国产欧美中日韩成人综合视频,国产熟女一区二区三区五月婷小说,亚洲一区波多野结衣在线

訂閱

多平臺閱讀

微信訂閱

雜志

申請紙刊贈閱

訂閱每日電郵

移動應用

專欄 - 財富書簽

走近凱斯?桑斯坦:奧巴馬超級智囊揭秘

Tory Newmyer 2013年02月27日

《財富》書簽(Weekly Read)專欄專門刊載《財富》雜志(Fortune)編輯團隊的書評,解讀商界及其他領域的新書。我們每周都會選登一篇新的評論。
凱斯?桑斯坦過去四年一直是白宮信息與管制事務辦公室主任。這個職位權力極大,無論是制定燃油效率標準的小事,還是醫(yī)療改革這樣的大事,都能插上一腳。桑斯坦希望用科學的方法為復雜的公共政策問題尋找經得住考驗的解決之道。最近,他在自己的新書中系統(tǒng)闡明了自己的理念。

????保守派堅信,奧巴馬總統(tǒng)為了堅持大政府主義,以最快的速度給企業(yè)施加了多道“緊箍咒”。米特?羅姆尼在競選期間曾多次借此發(fā)起攻勢,聲稱在過去四年,政府制定的規(guī)章數量翻了兩番。這不符合事實:最近的統(tǒng)計數據表明,在任期的頭42個月里,奧巴馬批準的規(guī)章數略多于布什總統(tǒng)在第一個任期內批準的規(guī)章數,略少于布什總統(tǒng)在第二個任期內批準的規(guī)章數。

????但是現(xiàn)在,保守派對奧巴馬的討伐又有了新的口實,因為奧巴馬在步入第二個任期之際已經明確表示,將通過監(jiān)管命令實現(xiàn)自己的施政意圖。國會山的反對黨不能容忍。所以在這個時候,奧巴馬的第一任監(jiān)管一把手正應該站出來解釋政府規(guī)章制度背后的哲學依據。凱斯?桑斯坦是奧巴馬在芝加哥大學法學院(University of Chicago Law School)任教期間的朋友,過去四年里一直擔任白宮信息與管制事務辦公室(Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs,以下簡稱OIRA)主任。這個職位雖然職責模糊,但權力極大,無論是制定燃油效率標準、重新設計食物金字塔這樣的小事,還是醫(yī)療改革、華爾街改革這樣的大事,桑斯坦都能插上一腳。

????桑斯坦把他的辦公室當成了試驗田,用來試驗他所推崇的“自由派家長主義”(libertarian paternalism)——“自由派家長主義”從字面上看有些自相矛盾,但卻是通過特定的選擇架構,引導人們做出對自己有利的明智之舉,而不是僅憑一時沖動做出對自己有害的錯誤選擇。(比方說一家超市要是想鼓勵消費者養(yǎng)成健康的飲食習慣,就可以把水果和蔬菜擺在前排顯眼的位置,把垃圾食品擺到后排的角落。)

????桑斯坦的理論依據是行為經濟學。近幾年,行為經濟學顛覆了幾個世紀以來的傳統(tǒng)觀念。傳統(tǒng)觀念認為,人是按照理性行事的。在不受任何約束的情況下,人會做對自己最有利的事情。行為經濟學雖然已經有強有力的科學依據,但要把它運用到政策領域,還是會在某些方面引起爭議。詆毀它的人紛紛把老大哥搬出來說事。格倫?貝克更是因此給桑斯坦扣上了帽子,說他是“美國最危險的人”。

????It's an article of faith among conservatives that President Obama scratches his itch for bigger government by imposing job-killing rules on businesses as fast as his administration can dream them up. Mitt Romney invoked it frequently on the campaign trial, asserting that regulations had quadrupled over the last four years. That's not true: Onerecent tally found that through the first 42 months of his term, Obama approved slightly more rules than President George W. Bush did in his second term and slightly fewer than in his first.

????But the charge is gaining renewed currency as Obama embarks on his second term with a declared intent to accomplish by regulatory fiat what the opposition on Capitol Hill won't allow. So it's an auspicious moment for Obama's first-term regulatory czar to drop his latest attempt at explaining the philosophy behind that rulemaking. Cass Sunstein, a friend of Obama's from his University of Chicago Law School days, spent the last four years running the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA). It's an obscure but exceedingly powerful perch that enabled Sunstein to put his imprint on everything from fuel efficiency standards and the redesign of the food pyramid to the rules for the landmark health care and Wall Street overhauls.

????Sunstein used his office as a laboratory for his brand of "libertarian paternalism" -- his self-described and seemingly paradoxical approach to structuring prompts for people that promote their welfare by protecting them from their more self-destructive impulses. (Think of a supermarket that encourages healthy eating by displaying fruits and vegetables in the front of the store while relegating junk food to the back.)

????Sunstein's approach is built on behavioral economics, which in recent years has upended centuries of belief that individuals are rational actors who will act in their own best interest left to their own devices. The science behind behavioral economics is largely established, but applying it in the policy realm remains controversial in some quarters. Detractors conjure Big Brother, a specter that inspired Glenn Beck to label Sunstein "the most dangerous man in America."

我來點評

  最新文章

最新文章:

中國煤業(yè)大遷徙

500強情報中心

財富專欄

久久思思99精品视频国产成人91精品| 亚洲高清在不卡一区二区三区| 国产成人无码a区视频在线观看| 亚洲国产欧美日韩一区二区| 久久天天躁狠狠躁夜夜2020| 亚洲欧美国产五月天综合| 688欧美人禽杂交狂配| 日本一区二区三区不卡免费| 中文字幕人妻A片免费看| 久精品国产欧美亚洲色aⅴ大片| 69综合精品国产二区无码| 老司机午夜精品99久久免费| 大地资源二在线观看免费高清| 色噜噜狠狠色综合网| 国产69精品久久久久APP下载| 国产日产久久高清欧美一区| 在线观看亚洲一区二区,欧美区一区| 91久久国产综合精品女同国语| 少妇爽到流白浆18P| 超碰在线97免费中文字幕| 人妻综合专区第一页| 国产欧美久久久久久精品一区二区三区| 久久精品国产亚洲AV无码娇色| 夜夜夜夜曰天天天天| 国产乱人伦偷精品视频| 精品久久8X国产免费观看| 青青国产线免观福利| 精品精品久久久久AAAA| 人妻中文字幕无码系列| 欧美人与性囗牲恔配| 人与动人物a级毛片免费视频| 日产巨大精品高清免费| 午夜Av电影在线观看| 神马影院午夜在线观看| 在线观看午夜亚洲一区| a亚洲Va欧美va国产综合| 一级做a爰片久久毛片看看| 久久精品极品盛宴观看| 国产在线精品观看免费观看| 久青草国产在视频在线观看| yoyo社区─精品资源在线观看|