????并非如此。我們所說的是不同類型的挑戰(zhàn)。正如國(guó)務(wù)卿希拉里所講，上世紀(jì)90年代世貿(mào)組織取消了有害關(guān)稅，如今我們需要有機(jī)構(gòu)能針對(duì)關(guān)稅以外的種種市場(chǎng)扭曲現(xiàn)象提供解決方案。它意味著要訂立和執(zhí)行新的協(xié)議及機(jī)制來確保公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)——這些協(xié)議的形式和權(quán)限范圍需要我們?nèi)ヅη枚ā?/p>

????這些如何促進(jìn)美國(guó)的就業(yè)增長(zhǎng)？

????首先，這些努力與奧巴馬總統(tǒng)“出口額五年翻番”的目標(biāo)直接相關(guān)。其次，就我們通過外交渠道建立全球競(jìng)爭(zhēng)新規(guī)則而言，這將對(duì)從匯率到非關(guān)稅壁壘以及投資限制等方方面面產(chǎn)生影響，進(jìn)而影響到美國(guó)公司的全球競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。而美國(guó)公司的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力直接等同于美國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。第三，我們正在尋找新的創(chuàng)造性機(jī)會(huì)來加強(qiáng)美國(guó)公司獲得各類商機(jī)的能力。

????當(dāng)前美國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)的政治環(huán)境對(duì)于對(duì)外援助不是太有利。這部分預(yù)算目前屬于美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)計(jì)劃削減的范疇，國(guó)務(wù)卿希拉里此舉是否意味著她認(rèn)為有必要讓公眾了解這個(gè)問題？

????我們的確想告訴人們，此舉事關(guān)美國(guó)人民當(dāng)前面臨的首要問題，即經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇、創(chuàng)造就業(yè)和增長(zhǎng)。她當(dāng)然希望將這兩方面聯(lián)系起來。她希望告訴人們，為何以外交和發(fā)展形式進(jìn)行投資是有益的。但她也認(rèn)識(shí)到當(dāng)前預(yù)算緊張，需要我們更仔細(xì)地推敲我們運(yùn)用的手段，確保我們花的每分錢都能獲得最大的價(jià)值回報(bào)。我們并不是不打算花一百億美元在埃及和突尼斯實(shí)施什么大型方案。我們運(yùn)用的是從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來看更有效的工具，也就是通過貿(mào)易和投資合作伙伴關(guān)系，幫助這些國(guó)家實(shí)現(xiàn)與鄰國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)融合，然后再同歐洲和美國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)融合。

????根據(jù)新戰(zhàn)略，美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院宣布計(jì)劃聘用一位全職經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家。你們已找到人選了嗎？

????還沒有。目前我們正在確定候選人名單。

????你們有了大致想法嗎？你們是想找一個(gè)學(xué)院派的專家，還是華爾街式的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家？

????我們希望廣泛接觸具有不同背景的候選人，通過面對(duì)面的交流確定適合的類型。但我認(rèn)為，選擇華爾街式專家的可能性較小，具備國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)術(shù)背景的人可能性更大。不過，我這么說并不是想要預(yù)先設(shè)定什么。

????Not at all. This is about a different set of challenges. As the Secretary said, just as the WTO eliminated harmful tariffs in the 1990s, today we need institutions that can provide solutions to the variety of market distortions that go beyond tariffs. That means creating and enforcing new agreements and mechanisms to guarantee fair competition -- the shape and scope of these is something we have to work through.

????How will this lead to job growth here?

????First, these efforts are directly connected to the President's goal of doubling exports over five years. Second, to the extent we can use diplomacy to put in place on new rules of the road for global competition, that will have an impact on everything from currency to non-tariff barriers to restrictions on investment, all of which have an impact on our companies' ability to compete around the world. And that translates directly into American jobs. Third, we're looking for new, creative opportunities to enhance the capacity of American companies to find different types of business opportunities.

????The political environment's not very friendly to foreign aid right now. Is part of the idea here that she needs to make the case publicly, while this budget's on the chopping block in Congress?

????We do want to show people this matters to the top priority that Americans have right now, which is economic recovery, job creation and growth. She definitely wants to make that connection. She wants to show people why there's a benefit to investing in the tools of diplomacy and development. But she also recognizes that tough budgetary times increase the need for us to be more sophisticated in the tools we use, to ensure we are getting maximum bang for our buck. We're not spending $10 billion on some huge plan for Egypt and Tunisia. We're using tools that, over the long run, will be more effective: trade and investment partnerships to help integrate those economies with their neighbors and then with Europe and the United States.

????As part of this new approach, the State Department has announced plans to bring on a full-time economist. Have you hired anyone yet?

????Not yet. We're in the process of compiling a short list of candidates.

????Is there a profile that you have in mind? Are you looking for an academic or are you looking for more of a Wall Street type?

????We want to talk to people from a broad range of backgrounds, and in the course of those conversations shape the right profile. But I think it's less likely to be a Wall Street type, and more likely to be someone with more of an international economic academic background. But I don't want to put the cart before the horse in saying that.