隨著一些使用區(qū)塊鏈技術(shù)的創(chuàng)業(yè)公司開(kāi)始進(jìn)行新一輪的融資融幣，市場(chǎng)對(duì)數(shù)字加密資產(chǎn)的需求出現(xiàn)暴漲，導(dǎo)致本周二比特幣的交易價(jià)格再創(chuàng)歷史紀(jì)錄。

區(qū)塊鏈?zhǔn)潜忍貛诺募夹g(shù)基礎(chǔ)，你可以將它看成一個(gè)由計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)保管的“賬本”，它不需要一個(gè)中心監(jiān)管者就可以追蹤任何一筆資產(chǎn)的流動(dòng)。

在比特幣交易平臺(tái)BitStamp上，比特幣的交易價(jià)格一度飆升至創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的1,760.40美元，收于1,747.89美元，一天之內(nèi)幣值上漲了6%。從年初至今，比特幣的幣值已經(jīng)狂漲了將近80%。據(jù)coinmarketcap.com報(bào)道，本周二比特幣市場(chǎng)總值已漲至525億美元。

現(xiàn)在，比特幣不僅可以作為一種像股票和債券一樣的資產(chǎn)在交易平臺(tái)上交易，一些零售企業(yè)（如零售電商網(wǎng)站Overstock.com等）也開(kāi)始允許消費(fèi)者用比特幣進(jìn)行支付。同時(shí)比特幣還可以用作一種資金轉(zhuǎn)賬的手段，且不需要第三方平臺(tái)參與。

紐約ARK投資公司的區(qū)塊鏈產(chǎn)品負(fù)責(zé)人克里斯?伯尼斯克指出：“這一領(lǐng)域出現(xiàn)了大量新資本的涌入，這些資本開(kāi)始在比特幣和其他一些數(shù)字加密資產(chǎn)之間流動(dòng)?！?/p>

“目前比特幣仍然是市場(chǎng)上主要的流動(dòng)性提供者，人們也用它來(lái)購(gòu)買其他一些數(shù)字加密資產(chǎn)?！?/p>

盡管近來(lái)比特幣的幣值一路走高，但明尼阿波里斯聯(lián)邦儲(chǔ)備銀行行長(zhǎng)尼爾?卡什卡里仍然對(duì)比特幣的前景持謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度。他指出，區(qū)塊鏈技術(shù)未來(lái)要比比特幣本身具有更大的潛力。

上周二，卡什卡里在明尼阿波里斯市的一次科技大會(huì)上表示：“我認(rèn)為，不論是投資者還是美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)，對(duì)比特幣的看法都有了一定的變化?！?/p>

比特幣的幣值之所以近來(lái)出現(xiàn)飆升，與近期通過(guò)所謂“首次公開(kāi)代幣預(yù)售”（ICO）模式銷售的其他數(shù)字貨幣的火爆有很大關(guān)系。在ICO模式下，區(qū)域鏈技術(shù)的創(chuàng)業(yè)公司可以將代幣直接銷售給公眾，從而可以在不受任何監(jiān)管的情況下進(jìn)行融資。

根據(jù)Smith+Crown公司的數(shù)據(jù)，今年至少有40家創(chuàng)業(yè)公司已經(jīng)進(jìn)行了ICO。

數(shù)字加密貨幣衍生品交易平臺(tái)BitMEX公司的首席執(zhí)行官亞瑟?海耶斯指出：“現(xiàn)在，創(chuàng)業(yè)者們光靠一個(gè)做得十分光鮮的網(wǎng)站，就可以從大大小小的投資人那里獲得資本。這還是金融史上的頭一遭?！?/p>

有分析師表示，比特幣的幣值之所以一路走高，其根源在去年7月就已種下，當(dāng)時(shí)比特幣平臺(tái)出現(xiàn)了“獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)減半”的新規(guī)，使對(duì)比特幣“礦工”的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)出現(xiàn)了下降，從而限制了比特幣的供給。

比特幣是使用所謂的“挖礦計(jì)算機(jī)”來(lái)開(kāi)采的。比特幣系統(tǒng)每十分鐘會(huì)產(chǎn)生一個(gè)“區(qū)塊”，用戶要使用挖礦機(jī)通過(guò)數(shù)字解謎的方式與其他“礦工”相互競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。第一個(gè)解開(kāi)謎題和完成交易的就會(huì)得到比特幣作為獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。（財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)）

譯者：樸成奎

Digital currency bitcoin hit a record high on Tuesday as demand for crypto-assets soared with the creation of new tokens to raise funding for start-ups using blockchain technology.

Blockchain, the underlying technology behind bitcoin , is a financial ledger maintained by a network of computers that can track the movement of any asset without the need for a central regulator

Bitcoin hit a record $1,760.40 on the BitStamp platform and was last at $1,747.89, up 6% on the day. So far this year, bitcoin has surged nearly 80%. Bitcoin 's market capitalization on Tuesday soared to $52.5 billion, according to data from coinmarketcap.com.

Aside from being an asset that can be traded on exchanges like stocks and bonds, bitcoin has become a mode of payment for some retailers, such as Overstock.com, and a way to transfer funds without the need for a third party.

"We have an influx of new capital in the space and that capital goes back and forth among crypto-assets and bitcoin ," said Chris Burniske, blockchain products leader at ARK Invest in New York, which manages exchange-traded funds.

" Bitcoin is still the main liquidity provider in the market and people use it to buy other crypto-assets."

That said, Minneapolis Federal Reserve Bank President Neel Kashkari has been skeptical about bitcoin 's outlook, noting that blockchain has more potential for being adopted in the future than the digital currency itself.

"I think sentiment has shifted in the markets, in the Fed," Kashkari said at a technology conference in Minneapolis on Tuesday.

Still, a big part of bitcoin 's recent surge is the increase in demand for other digital currencies being sold in so-called "initial coin offerings," or ICOs. Under ICOs, blockchain start-ups sell their tokens directly to the public to raise capital without any regulatory oversight.

At least 40 start-ups have launched an ICO this year, according Smith + Crown data.

"For the first time in financial history, founders can access capital from both large and small investors armed with nothing more than a slick website," said Arthur Hayes, chief executive at crypto-currency derivatives trading platform BitMEX.

Analysts say the foundation for bitcoin 's gains was set last July in a process called "halving," in which rewards offered to bitcoin miners shrink. That has constrained bitcoin 's supply.

Bitcoin relies on so-called "mining" computers that validate blocks of transactions by competing to solve mathematical puzzles every 10 minutes. In return, the first to solve the puzzle and clear the transaction is rewarded with new bitcoin s.