一項(xiàng)新研究指出，財(cái)務(wù)健康受損可能會(huì)影響你的身體健康。

本周二在《美國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)協(xié)會(huì)期刊》（JAMA）發(fā)表的一份研究報(bào)告發(fā)現(xiàn)，遭遇“財(cái)富重創(chuàng)”——即兩年內(nèi)損失了至少75%家庭凈資產(chǎn)——的人，早逝的概率要比財(cái)務(wù)狀況穩(wěn)定的人高得多，無(wú)論他們起初多么富有。財(cái)富急劇減少對(duì)健康的威脅僅比貧困稍輕，而后者是多年來(lái)研究人員認(rèn)為影響健康和壽命的因素之一。

西北大學(xué)（Northwestern University）和密歇根大學(xué)（University of Michigan）的科學(xué)家合作開(kāi)展了這項(xiàng)研究，分析了超過(guò)8,000名51歲至61歲之間的美國(guó)成年人的財(cái)務(wù)和身體健康狀況。研究人員對(duì)他們進(jìn)行了大約20年的追蹤，發(fā)現(xiàn)這期間有約25%的人遭遇了財(cái)富重創(chuàng)，死亡人數(shù)超過(guò)2,800人。近7%的人長(zhǎng)期生活在貧困之中。

研究人員計(jì)算得出，出現(xiàn)重大經(jīng)濟(jì)損失之后，人們的死亡率會(huì)提升50%，而貧困則會(huì)提高67%的死亡率。他們還發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果財(cái)富重創(chuàng)導(dǎo)致人們失去了主要居所，壽命則會(huì)遭受更大的威脅。

研究人員寫(xiě)道，有幾點(diǎn)因素可以解釋財(cái)富重創(chuàng)的帶來(lái)的巨大影響。首先，突發(fā)的經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)可能會(huì)讓人們難以承受醫(yī)療費(fèi)用，或讓人們傾向于推遲就醫(yī)。邏輯上說(shuō)，這種情況尤其適用于那些由于醫(yī)療費(fèi)用昂貴而遭遇財(cái)富重創(chuàng)的人群。

凈資產(chǎn)的急劇減少也會(huì)影響心理健康。研究人員指出，這可能會(huì)帶來(lái)直接后果，例如自殺、抑郁或藥物濫用，長(zhǎng)期來(lái)看，壓力也會(huì)導(dǎo)致健康問(wèn)題。（財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)）

譯者：嚴(yán)匡正

When your financial health takes a hit, your physical health may follow suit, according to new research.

A study published Tuesday in JAMA found that people who had a “negative wealth shock” — defined as losing at least 75% of their household net worth over a two-year period — were significantly more likely than financially stable folks to die early, regardless of how rich they were to start. A sudden drop in wealth was found to be only marginally less dangerous for health than living in poverty, which researchers have long associated with poorer health and longevity.

The study, which was carried out by researchers from Northwestern University and the University of Michigan, analyzed the financial and physical health of more than 8,000 American adults between the ages of 51 and 61. Over the approximately 20 years they were followed by researchers, roughly 25% of those individuals experienced a negative wealth shock and more than 2,800 died. Almost 7% were living in long-term poverty.

The researchers calculated that a significant monetary loss was associated with a 50% higher chance of dying during the follow-up period, while poverty was associated with a 67% higher chance of death. A financial disaster that caused people to lose their primary residence was even riskier for longevity, the researchers found.

The dramatic impact of a negative wealth shock could be explained by a few things, the researchers write. For one thing, sudden financial troubles may make it difficult to pay for medical care, or lead to a tendency to put off appointments. Logically, that effect is likely especially pronounced among people for whom a wealth shock was triggered by expensive medical issues.

A sharp decline in net worth can also take a toll on mental health. This may come with direct consequences, such as suicide, depression or substance abuse, as well as long-term health issues associated with stress, the researchers write.