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管理者的建議:疫情下的遠程辦公,如何避免低效?

Jesper Knutell
2020-03-08

遠程辦公也許不是所有問題的答案,但是如果你在今天擁抱這個改變,那么沒準會讓你的企業(yè)解鎖新技能。

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在過去的一個月中,中國人民的生活和經(jīng)濟都承受著新冠肺炎疫情帶來的巨大考驗:加長版的春節(jié)假期、居家隔離、延遲復工接踵而至。作為一個瑞典人,我的朋友圈里有至少半數(shù)以上的企業(yè)都在采取居家模式開展業(yè)務。

挑戰(zhàn)隨之而來

居家辦公、遠程工作對大部分中國員工而言還是一個新鮮事物,對企業(yè)領導又何嘗不是?用在辦公室里的那一套來管理團隊,肯定難以奏效。無法共處一室、面對面溝通,團隊一時之間難以適應,合作也會變得更復雜和艱難生澀。

在我過去15年的職業(yè)生涯中,在遠程辦公上遇到過的坎也不少。在瑞典的文化里,我們通常不會直接告訴別人解決方案,而是大家通過討論達成一致,共同找到答案。因此,當遇到問題時,我的第一反應就是——引導!指引團隊尋找最佳的決策。

但當我和團隊分隔兩地時,尤其是當項目中充滿不確定性時,這一招通常會失效。當你想著授權團隊成員自己尋找方向時,你的團隊可能正渴望你可以給出明確的建議和行動步驟。這只會帶來兩個結果:作為領導的我會因為項目毫無進展而惱火不已,團隊里的成員也因為摸不到頭腦而沮喪無助。

還有一個大“坑”就是溝通效率問題。即使在面對面的情況下溝通都有可能出岔子,更何況在遠程工作時,少了肢體語言和眼神交流,我們幾乎失去了所有判斷信息傳達和接收的信號燈。

我跟團隊中層領導們共同商討的決策,是否能被準確無誤地傳達到公司的每個角落,并被精準地執(zhí)行?結果有可能事與愿違。

低效溝通里面有很多可能的原因,溝通不充分、理解錯誤、缺乏認同、當事人并沒有仔細聽或正忙著別的要務都有可會影響最終的達成。這跟我們小時候玩的“拷貝不走樣”簡直是一模一樣。(是的,瑞典人小時候也玩這個游戲,至少在兒時的溝通小游戲上,中瑞兩國如出一轍。)

還記得我初來中國時,團隊里有成員總是將我的“指導意見”當成是金科玉律步步謹遵,也有成員會把我的“指令”當作是“建議”處理,導致我常常懷疑團隊的執(zhí)行能力。不得不承認,我個人依然在摸索更好的溝通方式以及更有效果的遠程協(xié)作模式。這是一個持續(xù)改進的過程,也不會有終點。

信任是關鍵

近來與許多企業(yè)的高層管理人員聊天時都會談及員工居家辦公的效率問題。我的朋友們都或多或少有這樣那樣的擔憂,他們擔心員工在絲毫沒有監(jiān)管壓力的環(huán)境中可能會偷懶或者效率低下。我的第一反應是:如果你不信任自己招聘來的人,那你當初為什么要把人家招來?

作為一名職業(yè)經(jīng)理人,我對自己的要求就是,最大程度地信任我的團隊,除非他們用自己的行動向我證明他們不值得信任。我的管理哲學是:我扮演導師的角色,幫助團隊明確目標和方向,下放權力,讓團隊自己找到正確的方法來達成目標。

當然了,團隊的表現(xiàn)也時不時會給我一些驚喜或者是驚嚇。有的成員會非常欣喜于這種自由度和信任度,因此表現(xiàn)出色,甚至超過預期。也有人會因為過于自由而不知所措。作為導師,我的工作就是仔細觀察并盡可能早地進行干預、給予具體的幫助。只有這樣,團隊才能按照我預想的軌道和進度運轉。

在遠程協(xié)作中,這種提早干預措施比想象中更難。在面對面的會議中,你的團隊可能都不敢或不愿開口求救,更何況是在遠程的會議中?更糟糕的是,連對方是否在全神貫注地參與會議我都無法判斷。在會議中走神兒簡直太稀松平常了,一條短信就能讓我們分神。大概沒有人會否認,電話會議一旦超過30分鐘,大家開小差的幾率就開始急速上升。

從另外一個角度而言,家庭環(huán)境里辦公雖然存在一些干擾因素(尤其是當孩子們也在家學習時?。?,但同樣的,員工們不需要在路上花兩個小時通勤,也不會有別的同事每隔5分鐘就來打斷他們的思路。

遠程協(xié)作的時代已經(jīng)來了

在過去的十年間,世界上有許多國家和企業(yè)都早就開始落實遠程辦公了。在美國,居家辦公是非常平常的事,在歐洲也越來越普遍。步入職場的年輕人們都生于網(wǎng)絡時代,對他們而言,在線上溝通簡直就和吃飯一樣簡單。遠程辦公,絕對不會是在疫情中曇花一現(xiàn)的防疫手段,而是不可回避的未來辦公趨勢。

新一代的員工,也不再只是為了錢而工作,尊重與關愛的文化、工作與生活的平衡、自由選擇辦公地點等,成了他們擇業(yè)的重要考慮因素。作為企業(yè),如果想要持續(xù)吸引人才、以正確的姿勢激勵員工,可能要從不抗拒遠程辦公開始。

幾個建議

說起來容易,做起來可能還真是不簡單。我個人也有一些小建議,可以與大家分享。

為團隊建立清晰的目標。

確保每個人都有完全且正確的理解這個目標,以及他們每個人在這個目標的達成中應該扮演什么樣的角色——不要只依賴口頭溝通,書面溝通更能確保信息溝通的準確性。

給予團隊充分的信任,在發(fā)現(xiàn)“迷路的小羊”時要提供及時的引導,助其歸位。

避免頻繁跟進,這通常會招致反效果。在定期的項目追蹤會議中與團隊更新進度會更有效。不過要注意控制會議的時長!

不同的工作地點會給團隊帶來全新的靈感和解決方案,請注意把握!

寫在最后

我和我的團隊遠程協(xié)作已經(jīng)持續(xù)了一個月,我們的工作并沒有因為這次疫情而終止,相反我看到了整個團隊蓬勃的創(chuàng)造力和執(zhí)行力,大家的堅守崗位和聰明才智讓我欽佩。

這使我更加有理由相信,如果我們給予團隊足夠的信任去迎接挑戰(zhàn),他們絕對有可能戰(zhàn)勝。遠程辦公也許不是所有問題的答案,但是如果你在今天擁抱這個改變,那么沒準會讓你的企業(yè)解鎖新技能。(財富中文網(wǎng))

本文作者Jesper Knutell是英孚企業(yè)解決方案中國執(zhí)行副總裁兼總經(jīng)理、跨文化溝通專家,擁有20多年全球15個國家的堅實管理經(jīng)驗,曾經(jīng)幫助多家《財富》世界500強企業(yè)打造國際化人才戰(zhàn)略。

在過去的一個月中,中國人民的生活和經(jīng)濟都承受著新冠肺炎疫情帶來的巨大考驗:加長版的春節(jié)假期、居家隔離、延遲復工接踵而至。作為一個瑞典人,我的朋友圈里有至少半數(shù)以上的企業(yè)都在采取居家模式開展業(yè)務。

挑戰(zhàn)隨之而來

居家辦公、遠程工作對大部分中國員工而言還是一個新鮮事物,對企業(yè)領導又何嘗不是?用在辦公室里的那一套來管理團隊,肯定難以奏效。無法共處一室、面對面溝通,團隊一時之間難以適應,合作也會變得更復雜和艱難生澀。

在我過去15年的職業(yè)生涯中,在遠程辦公上遇到過的坎也不少。在瑞典的文化里,我們通常不會直接告訴別人解決方案,而是大家通過討論達成一致,共同找到答案。因此,當遇到問題時,我的第一反應就是——引導!指引團隊尋找最佳的決策。

但當我和團隊分隔兩地時,尤其是當項目中充滿不確定性時,這一招通常會失效。當你想著授權團隊成員自己尋找方向時,你的團隊可能正渴望你可以給出明確的建議和行動步驟。這只會帶來兩個結果:作為領導的我會因為項目毫無進展而惱火不已,團隊里的成員也因為摸不到頭腦而沮喪無助。

還有一個大“坑”就是溝通效率問題。即使在面對面的情況下溝通都有可能出岔子,更何況在遠程工作時,少了肢體語言和眼神交流,我們幾乎失去了所有判斷信息傳達和接收的信號燈。

我跟團隊中層領導們共同商討的決策,是否能被準確無誤地傳達到公司的每個角落,并被精準地執(zhí)行?結果有可能事與愿違。

低效溝通里面有很多可能的原因,溝通不充分、理解錯誤、缺乏認同、當事人并沒有仔細聽或正忙著別的要務都有可會影響最終的達成。這跟我們小時候玩的“拷貝不走樣”簡直是一模一樣。(是的,瑞典人小時候也玩這個游戲,至少在兒時的溝通小游戲上,中瑞兩國如出一轍。)

還記得我初來中國時,團隊里有成員總是將我的“指導意見”當成是金科玉律步步謹遵,也有成員會把我的“指令”當作是“建議”處理,導致我常常懷疑團隊的執(zhí)行能力。不得不承認,我個人依然在摸索更好的溝通方式以及更有效果的遠程協(xié)作模式。這是一個持續(xù)改進的過程,也不會有終點。

信任是關鍵

近來與許多企業(yè)的高層管理人員聊天時都會談及員工居家辦公的效率問題。我的朋友們都或多或少有這樣那樣的擔憂,他們擔心員工在絲毫沒有監(jiān)管壓力的環(huán)境中可能會偷懶或者效率低下。我的第一反應是:如果你不信任自己招聘來的人,那你當初為什么要把人家招來?

作為一名職業(yè)經(jīng)理人,我對自己的要求就是,最大程度地信任我的團隊,除非他們用自己的行動向我證明他們不值得信任。我的管理哲學是:我扮演導師的角色,幫助團隊明確目標和方向,下放權力,讓團隊自己找到正確的方法來達成目標。

當然了,團隊的表現(xiàn)也時不時會給我一些驚喜或者是驚嚇。有的成員會非常欣喜于這種自由度和信任度,因此表現(xiàn)出色,甚至超過預期。也有人會因為過于自由而不知所措。作為導師,我的工作就是仔細觀察并盡可能早地進行干預、給予具體的幫助。只有這樣,團隊才能按照我預想的軌道和進度運轉。

在遠程協(xié)作中,這種提早干預措施比想象中更難。在面對面的會議中,你的團隊可能都不敢或不愿開口求救,更何況是在遠程的會議中?更糟糕的是,連對方是否在全神貫注地參與會議我都無法判斷。在會議中走神兒簡直太稀松平常了,一條短信就能讓我們分神。大概沒有人會否認,電話會議一旦超過30分鐘,大家開小差的幾率就開始急速上升。

從另外一個角度而言,家庭環(huán)境里辦公雖然存在一些干擾因素(尤其是當孩子們也在家學習時!),但同樣的,員工們不需要在路上花兩個小時通勤,也不會有別的同事每隔5分鐘就來打斷他們的思路。

遠程協(xié)作的時代已經(jīng)來了

在過去的十年間,世界上有許多國家和企業(yè)都早就開始落實遠程辦公了。在美國,居家辦公是非常平常的事,在歐洲也越來越普遍。步入職場的年輕人們都生于網(wǎng)絡時代,對他們而言,在線上溝通簡直就和吃飯一樣簡單。遠程辦公,絕對不會是在疫情中曇花一現(xiàn)的防疫手段,而是不可回避的未來辦公趨勢。

新一代的員工,也不再只是為了錢而工作,尊重與關愛的文化、工作與生活的平衡、自由選擇辦公地點等,成了他們擇業(yè)的重要考慮因素。作為企業(yè),如果想要持續(xù)吸引人才、以正確的姿勢激勵員工,可能要從不抗拒遠程辦公開始。

幾個建議

說起來容易,做起來可能還真是不簡單。我個人也有一些小建議,可以與大家分享。

為團隊建立清晰的目標。

確保每個人都有完全且正確的理解這個目標,以及他們每個人在這個目標的達成中應該扮演什么樣的角色——不要只依賴口頭溝通,書面溝通更能確保信息溝通的準確性。

給予團隊充分的信任,在發(fā)現(xiàn)“迷路的小羊”時要提供及時的引導,助其歸位。

避免頻繁跟進,這通常會招致反效果。在定期的項目追蹤會議中與團隊更新進度會更有效。不過要注意控制會議的時長!

不同的工作地點會給團隊帶來全新的靈感和解決方案,請注意把握!

寫在最后

我和我的團隊遠程協(xié)作已經(jīng)持續(xù)了一個月,我們的工作并沒有因為這次疫情而終止,相反我看到了整個團隊蓬勃的創(chuàng)造力和執(zhí)行力,大家的堅守崗位和聰明才智讓我欽佩。

這使我更加有理由相信,如果我們給予團隊足夠的信任去迎接挑戰(zhàn),他們絕對有可能戰(zhàn)勝。遠程辦公也許不是所有問題的答案,但是如果你在今天擁抱這個改變,那么沒準會讓你的企業(yè)解鎖新技能。(財富中文網(wǎng))

本文作者Jesper Knutell是英孚企業(yè)解決方案中國執(zhí)行副總裁兼總經(jīng)理、跨文化溝通專家,擁有20多年全球15個國家的堅實管理經(jīng)驗,曾經(jīng)幫助多家《財富》世界500強企業(yè)打造國際化人才戰(zhàn)略。

The last 4 weeks, China has faced an unprecedented test of its economy’s resilience. Speaking to colleagues and friends, it’s clear that the whole country is eager to get back to work, but we’ve all been facing barriers such as extended Spring Festival, office closures and quarantines. All necessary actions to combat the NCV, but still frustrating for everyone involved. My very rough estimate is that half of China has been working from home these last weeks.

Challenges of virtual working

A challenge companies in China are facing now is that virtual or remote working is not part of the culture and many leaders are uncertain as to how to act in these situations. And it is true, you can’t lead in the same way virtually as you can when you are physically present. Team collaboration becomes more complicated and communication becomes less fluent when you can’t see each other.

Having managed teams virtually all over the world for the last 15 years I think I’ve made every mistake there is to make. As a Swede, I find it difficult sometimes to tell people what to do; you want to lead by consensus and making decisions together, and I’m always trying to coach the team towards the right decision—rather than dictate.

However, this is often not an effective strategy when working remotely and especially not when there is a lot of uncertainty. In these situations, people look for clear instructions and advice, and my approach has often resulted in me being frustrated with the lack of action taken and the teams being frustrated with the lack of direction.

I’ve also often underestimated the communication flow in the organization. When you discuss things with the management team, you hope that they will be able to pass on the right information to the team members. However, the reality is that there is a big black box between you and the team members. You hope that they have received the right communication via their leaders, but more often than not, I have seen that this is not the case. Often this happens because their leaders a) didn’t understand fully the message, b) didn’t agree with the message), c) interpreted the message differently than you intended, d) had different priorities at that moment, e) just didn’t listen, f) you were not clear enough, … and the list of reasons goes on and on.

When we were kids we used to play a game called Chinese Whispers. It’s a children’s game that starts off with player 1 whispering a message in the ear of player 2, who continues to whisper it to player 3, and it goes on until the last player who will announce the message they’ve heard to the entire group. It doesn’t require a lot of players for the message to completely change meaning.

In a similar way, this happens a lot in remote working. Without body language and eye contact, it’s difficult to assess whether or not a message has been correctly received. It’s difficult enough in person, but without meeting physically, even harder. In addition, to drive change, you need to repeat the same message over and over, but that could just make it worse if the original message wasn’t understood correctly.

In China over the last 1.5 years, I have encountered that some leaders follow a message word for word, when I intended it only as a guideline. I’ve also seen the opposite; some interpret is a very loose guideline when it is a hard rule or policy. While this has varied from office to office, it has left me bewildered as to whether something has been well implemented or not. And as you can see, I’m still on a journey to figure out what approach works best and how to best communicate with teams virtually. It’s a lifelong learning journey.

Trust is key

Many business leaders I’ve been speaking to lately have brought up that they worry about the productivity of their team members when they work from home. They don’t trust that their team members will do the right thing if no one is monitoring them. This reminds of a quote I read somewhere: If you don’t trust your people to work from home, why did you hire them in the first place?

As a manager, I’ve always trusted my team members from the first day we start working together until they prove me otherwise. This has had both positive and negative results on my teams’ performances. The way I like to manage is that I provide a vision and direction, and I trust my team to figure out the right actions to help us achieve this vision. I see myself as a guide and mentor and my experience is that many enjoy this freedom and perform better when given this trust.

However, many people also become paralyzed with indecisiveness when given this freedom, and as a leader you need to identify this early and help them, often by providing step by step instructions. Until you do, they will not perform at the level you expect.

Working virtually, this is even more difficult to do. How do you identify who needs more support? It’s difficult to get people to speak up in normal meetings. In virtual meetings it is the same, but with the additional challenge that you can’t even see if people are paying attention or even listening. I think we have all been part of virtual meetings when our minds have started drifting, or we’ve received a message on our phone and we’ve diverted our attention to responding to that message, and stopped listening. Let’s be honest, very few virtual meetings over 30 minutes are effective.

And I think we have to be realistic. Yes, when people work at home, they will have distractions (especially now when everyone’s kids are home from school), but in comparison they also don’t have to commute 2 hours per day, and they don’t have colleagues that interrupt them every 5 minutes and other office distractions.

The world is changing

There are many countries and companies around the world that have embraced virtual working over the last decade. In the US, it’s common that staff are home based, and it’s becoming more and more common in Europe as well. The new generation that is joining the workforce are digital natives. For them, communicating virtually is all they’ve ever known. So virtual working is not a temporary thing we’ve just been faced with due to the Corona virus, it’s the inevitable future.

As employers and leaders, we are facing an employee situation where freedom to choose where and when you work are important choices when choosing employers. Many employees are looking for work life balance, respect, a caring culture, not just money. As companies, we need to allow for a certain degree of this if we want to keep attracting talent and keeping them motivated.

A few suggestions

Personally, I think it comes down to a few simple principles when managing virtually.

Have a clear vision where you want to go.

Make sure everyone understands their role in this vision – use written communication to follow up on verbal communication.

Trust people to complete the objectives you set but ensure you help people that are ‘lost’ and explain clearly what needs to be done.

Don’t check in on people too often, it’s the one thing that kills motivation, I’ve found, but set regular virtual meetings to share updates. Make sure to keep them short.

Embrace new ideas; different working situation brings out different solutions.

Embrace the inevitable

Over the last four weeks working remotely with my team, I have seen people’s creativity blossom. Many of the initiatives that we have launched in the last weeks are down to individual team members’ ingenuity and drive. It never ceases to amaze me how a challenge often brings out the best in people, and if we trust our teams to overcome the challenge, the chances are that they will.

So, while working virtually is not the answer to everything, if you embrace it when you are faced with it and lead with trust, you might unlock new skills to help take your business to new levels. I’m sure we have.

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