裁員、精簡(jiǎn)或縮編,無(wú)論冠以何種名稱,人員裁減歷來(lái)都絕非令人愉快的過(guò)程。這不僅會(huì)對(duì)被解雇的人產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)的、破壞性的影響,留下來(lái)的員工也會(huì)受到一定的影響。
但是有沒(méi)有更好的裁員方式呢?裁員雖然痛苦,在企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)過(guò)程中卻無(wú)法避免。如果說(shuō)哪一天我們可以在這方面進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新,現(xiàn)在就是最恰當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)機(jī)。
COVID-19疫情導(dǎo)致大量裁員。據(jù)估計(jì),美國(guó)的失業(yè)率目前正在飆升至15%以上。雇主們?cè)诓脺p大量員工時(shí)已經(jīng)預(yù)見(jiàn)到,這些員工將無(wú)從依靠。一些管理者(尤其是科技創(chuàng)業(yè)公司的管理者)也因此正在嘗試尋找新的方法,減輕裁員給員工帶來(lái)的打擊。
總部位于西雅圖的Textio是一家為企業(yè)提供人工智能“增強(qiáng)寫(xiě)作”服務(wù)的公司。該公司聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人兼首席執(zhí)行官基蘭?斯奈德說(shuō):“當(dāng)我們意識(shí)到公司不得不進(jìn)行調(diào)整時(shí),我們會(huì)盡快就告訴了大家。在我們知道公司必須做出一些改變時(shí),我們會(huì)提前一周告知全體員工?!?/p>
傳統(tǒng)觀念或者慣例是在裁員當(dāng)天才宣布消息。但斯奈德對(duì)這種觀念提出了挑戰(zhàn)。雖說(shuō)在當(dāng)前的形式下,想要做出準(zhǔn)確的商業(yè)預(yù)測(cè)很困難,但她說(shuō),關(guān)鍵是要將你所掌握和可以預(yù)見(jiàn)的情況與大家分享。這樣可以讓員工在實(shí)際上和情感上做好準(zhǔn)備,讓他們充分了解公司為什么要裁撤他們的崗位。
加州帕洛阿托的股權(quán)管理平臺(tái)Carta的首席執(zhí)行官亨利?沃德大約在啟動(dòng)裁員計(jì)劃的五周以前,就開(kāi)始向員工們宣傳這場(chǎng)疫情可能給公司業(yè)務(wù)前景帶來(lái)的影響。裁員前兩周,他告訴員工,他無(wú)法想象如果不進(jìn)行裁員公司可能面臨的后果?!拔蚁敫渌鸆EO說(shuō)的是,不要等到裁員當(dāng)天才把消息告訴大家,我們必須在裁員之前一直保持信息透明?!?/p>
當(dāng)然,這在像Textio和Carta這樣的私人控股公司更容易做到,因?yàn)檫@些公司往往規(guī)模小,不受股價(jià)波動(dòng)的影響。盡管如此,即便是朝氣蓬勃的科技初創(chuàng)公司,在裁員問(wèn)題上歷來(lái)也沒(méi)有特別光榮的記錄。
沃德表示:“許多創(chuàng)始人仍然認(rèn)為,如果他們過(guò)早談?wù)摬脝T,將會(huì)影響員工的士氣,導(dǎo)致生產(chǎn)率下降。”他在一個(gè)周五宣布了最終的裁員計(jì)劃,并在五天后發(fā)布裁員名單。他承認(rèn):“的確,那個(gè)周五我們什么都沒(méi)做,但實(shí)際上,在裁員前幾周,生產(chǎn)率反而有所提高?!?/p>
沃德也的確說(shuō)到,回想起來(lái),他本可以縮短宣布裁員和實(shí)際實(shí)施裁員之間的間隔。但總的來(lái)說(shuō),他認(rèn)為員工首先更愿意公司提前預(yù)警,讓他們了解裁員的原因。(注:據(jù)最近媒體報(bào)道推測(cè),Carta正在籌集新一輪資金;但該公司拒絕對(duì)傳聞發(fā)表評(píng)論。)
沃德也摒棄了其他標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的裁員程序。這位首席執(zhí)行官說(shuō):“我們讓所有(被解雇的)雇員都保留了筆記本電腦,許多員工家里沒(méi)有筆記本電腦。而且即使我們?nèi)绻麤Q定收回電腦的話,我們應(yīng)該如何處理那150臺(tái)已經(jīng)留在IT員工家中的電腦呢?我們以很低的成本展示了公司的關(guān)懷?!?/p>
你知道技術(shù)部門對(duì)沃德的決定有何看法嗎?是的,他們嚇壞了。(出于安全原因,公司通常會(huì)要求離職員工在離職當(dāng)天交回公司發(fā)放的設(shè)備。)但沃德說(shuō),他認(rèn)為他們這樣做,前雇員們實(shí)際上更有可能遵守安全協(xié)議,因?yàn)檫@一切都本著誠(chéng)信善意的原則進(jìn)行。
他解釋說(shuō):“我們只是讓員工們把筆記本電腦里的信息清除干凈,截張圖給我們看?!?/p>
讓前雇員保留自己的筆記本電腦并沒(méi)有給沃德帶來(lái)任何損失。但是對(duì)于那些失業(yè)在家并且家里可能沒(méi)有多余電腦的人們來(lái)說(shuō),這一舉措意義重大。在當(dāng)前的經(jīng)濟(jì)氣候下,加上許多州(包括Carta和Textio所在的加州和華盛頓州)處于封鎖狀態(tài),失業(yè)人員想要建立工作關(guān)系和求職更加困難。一旦員工被解雇,公司突破傳統(tǒng)方式、慷慨地為他們提供幫助對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)是雪中送炭。不僅對(duì)那些直接受到裁員影響的人們,而且對(duì)那些仍然留在公司的員工都很重要。沃德說(shuō):“不管是離開(kāi)還是留下,員工們都非常關(guān)心他們的朋友會(huì)有怎樣的境遇?!?/p>
沃德和斯奈德都為為員工提供了優(yōu)渥的離職補(bǔ)償,分別包括最低三個(gè)月和一個(gè)月的工資,并延長(zhǎng)繳納他們的醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)。此外,他們也尋找其他方法來(lái)幫助新下崗員工們渡過(guò)他們新的現(xiàn)實(shí)困難。
斯奈德讓她的一名人力資源主管做“反向招聘”——為那些被裁員工寫(xiě)簡(jiǎn)歷。雖然許多領(lǐng)導(dǎo)不想因?yàn)楣静脝T引起公眾的關(guān)注,但她還是在Twitter上發(fā)布了一些被裁人員的個(gè)人消息,鼓勵(lì)其他雇主雇傭他們。“一旦人們分享了他們的求職信息,我感到有責(zé)任并致力于讓人們看到這些信息,”斯奈德說(shuō)?!拔覀冞€動(dòng)員員工和前員工一起來(lái)幫忙?!保ㄒ恍┐蠊疽苍趧?chuàng)造性地思考這個(gè)問(wèn)題:埃森哲(Accenture)、ServiceNow、林肯金融集團(tuán)(Lincoln Financial Group)和威瑞森(Verizon)最近聯(lián)合推出了一個(gè)網(wǎng)站,旨在幫助他們的被解雇或停職的員工找到新工作。)
在最近一輪裁員中被裁掉的Textio前高級(jí)招聘專員麗莎·塞默德建(Lisa Semerdjian)說(shuō),她非常感謝斯奈德和其他前同事為其找到新工作提供的所有幫助和潛在機(jī)會(huì)。不過(guò),她還說(shuō),由于這么多科技公司都在裁員,想找到工作非常困難。在Textio工作了一年半的塞默德建說(shuō):“我在LinkedIn里求職的反饋結(jié)果非常令人沮喪?!?/p>
換言之,即使是最善良、最具創(chuàng)造性的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能做的也只有這么多。但即使一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)的同情心可以起到很大的作用,特別是在當(dāng)今的環(huán)境下。
在宣布裁員之后,斯奈德創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)Slack頻道,供那些想與即將離職員工告別的人們,以及愿意離職的人們分享其個(gè)人聯(lián)系信息。斯奈德說(shuō):“(由于疫情影響)無(wú)法當(dāng)面說(shuō)再見(jiàn)是一件非常痛苦的事情?!?/p>
無(wú)數(shù)美國(guó)人都非常清楚的一點(diǎn)是,在當(dāng)今的經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)下,淪為失業(yè)大軍的一員本就是一件非常痛苦的事情。未來(lái)數(shù)周和數(shù)月預(yù)計(jì)將會(huì)有更多裁員,在諸多不同行業(yè),更多的企業(yè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能夠并且應(yīng)該考慮如何改變傳統(tǒng)的裁員方式。雖然裁員永遠(yuǎn)都不會(huì)是個(gè)令人高興的過(guò)程,但至少在裁員方式上還有改進(jìn)的空間。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
翻譯:劉進(jìn)龍
審校:汪皓
裁員、精簡(jiǎn)或縮編,無(wú)論冠以何種名稱,人員裁減歷來(lái)都絕非令人愉快的過(guò)程。這不僅會(huì)對(duì)被解雇的人產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)的、破壞性的影響,留下來(lái)的員工也會(huì)受到一定的影響。
但是有沒(méi)有更好的裁員方式呢?裁員雖然痛苦,在企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)過(guò)程中卻無(wú)法避免。如果說(shuō)哪一天我們可以在這方面進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新,現(xiàn)在就是最恰當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)機(jī)。
COVID-19疫情導(dǎo)致大量裁員。據(jù)估計(jì),美國(guó)的失業(yè)率目前正在飆升至15%以上。雇主們?cè)诓脺p大量員工時(shí)已經(jīng)預(yù)見(jiàn)到,這些員工將無(wú)從依靠。一些管理者(尤其是科技創(chuàng)業(yè)公司的管理者)也因此正在嘗試尋找新的方法,減輕裁員給員工帶來(lái)的打擊。
總部位于西雅圖的Textio是一家為企業(yè)提供人工智能“增強(qiáng)寫(xiě)作”服務(wù)的公司。該公司聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人兼首席執(zhí)行官基蘭?斯奈德說(shuō):“當(dāng)我們意識(shí)到公司不得不進(jìn)行調(diào)整時(shí),我們會(huì)盡快就告訴了大家。在我們知道公司必須做出一些改變時(shí),我們會(huì)提前一周告知全體員工?!?/p>
傳統(tǒng)觀念或者慣例是在裁員當(dāng)天才宣布消息。但斯奈德對(duì)這種觀念提出了挑戰(zhàn)。雖說(shuō)在當(dāng)前的形式下,想要做出準(zhǔn)確的商業(yè)預(yù)測(cè)很困難,但她說(shuō),關(guān)鍵是要將你所掌握和可以預(yù)見(jiàn)的情況與大家分享。這樣可以讓員工在實(shí)際上和情感上做好準(zhǔn)備,讓他們充分了解公司為什么要裁撤他們的崗位。
加州帕洛阿托的股權(quán)管理平臺(tái)Carta的首席執(zhí)行官亨利?沃德大約在啟動(dòng)裁員計(jì)劃的五周以前,就開(kāi)始向員工們宣傳這場(chǎng)疫情可能給公司業(yè)務(wù)前景帶來(lái)的影響。裁員前兩周,他告訴員工,他無(wú)法想象如果不進(jìn)行裁員公司可能面臨的后果。“我想跟其他CEO說(shuō)的是,不要等到裁員當(dāng)天才把消息告訴大家,我們必須在裁員之前一直保持信息透明?!?/p>
當(dāng)然,這在像Textio和Carta這樣的私人控股公司更容易做到,因?yàn)檫@些公司往往規(guī)模小,不受股價(jià)波動(dòng)的影響。盡管如此,即便是朝氣蓬勃的科技初創(chuàng)公司,在裁員問(wèn)題上歷來(lái)也沒(méi)有特別光榮的記錄。
沃德表示:“許多創(chuàng)始人仍然認(rèn)為,如果他們過(guò)早談?wù)摬脝T,將會(huì)影響員工的士氣,導(dǎo)致生產(chǎn)率下降。”他在一個(gè)周五宣布了最終的裁員計(jì)劃,并在五天后發(fā)布裁員名單。他承認(rèn):“的確,那個(gè)周五我們什么都沒(méi)做,但實(shí)際上,在裁員前幾周,生產(chǎn)率反而有所提高?!?/p>
沃德也的確說(shuō)到,回想起來(lái),他本可以縮短宣布裁員和實(shí)際實(shí)施裁員之間的間隔。但總的來(lái)說(shuō),他認(rèn)為員工首先更愿意公司提前預(yù)警,讓他們了解裁員的原因。(注:據(jù)最近媒體報(bào)道推測(cè),Carta正在籌集新一輪資金;但該公司拒絕對(duì)傳聞發(fā)表評(píng)論。)
沃德也摒棄了其他標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的裁員程序。這位首席執(zhí)行官說(shuō):“我們讓所有(被解雇的)雇員都保留了筆記本電腦,許多員工家里沒(méi)有筆記本電腦。而且即使我們?nèi)绻麤Q定收回電腦的話,我們應(yīng)該如何處理那150臺(tái)已經(jīng)留在IT員工家中的電腦呢?我們以很低的成本展示了公司的關(guān)懷?!?/p>
你知道技術(shù)部門對(duì)沃德的決定有何看法嗎?是的,他們嚇壞了。(出于安全原因,公司通常會(huì)要求離職員工在離職當(dāng)天交回公司發(fā)放的設(shè)備。)但沃德說(shuō),他認(rèn)為他們這樣做,前雇員們實(shí)際上更有可能遵守安全協(xié)議,因?yàn)檫@一切都本著誠(chéng)信善意的原則進(jìn)行。
他解釋說(shuō):“我們只是讓員工們把筆記本電腦里的信息清除干凈,截張圖給我們看。”
讓前雇員保留自己的筆記本電腦并沒(méi)有給沃德帶來(lái)任何損失。但是對(duì)于那些失業(yè)在家并且家里可能沒(méi)有多余電腦的人們來(lái)說(shuō),這一舉措意義重大。在當(dāng)前的經(jīng)濟(jì)氣候下,加上許多州(包括Carta和Textio所在的加州和華盛頓州)處于封鎖狀態(tài),失業(yè)人員想要建立工作關(guān)系和求職更加困難。一旦員工被解雇,公司突破傳統(tǒng)方式、慷慨地為他們提供幫助對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)是雪中送炭。不僅對(duì)那些直接受到裁員影響的人們,而且對(duì)那些仍然留在公司的員工都很重要。沃德說(shuō):“不管是離開(kāi)還是留下,員工們都非常關(guān)心他們的朋友會(huì)有怎樣的境遇。”
沃德和斯奈德都為為員工提供了優(yōu)渥的離職補(bǔ)償,分別包括最低三個(gè)月和一個(gè)月的工資,并延長(zhǎng)繳納他們的醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)。此外,他們也尋找其他方法來(lái)幫助新下崗員工們渡過(guò)他們新的現(xiàn)實(shí)困難。
斯奈德讓她的一名人力資源主管做“反向招聘”——為那些被裁員工寫(xiě)簡(jiǎn)歷。雖然許多領(lǐng)導(dǎo)不想因?yàn)楣静脝T引起公眾的關(guān)注,但她還是在Twitter上發(fā)布了一些被裁人員的個(gè)人消息,鼓勵(lì)其他雇主雇傭他們?!耙坏┤藗兎窒砹怂麄兊那舐毿畔?,我感到有責(zé)任并致力于讓人們看到這些信息,”斯奈德說(shuō)。“我們還動(dòng)員員工和前員工一起來(lái)幫忙?!保ㄒ恍┐蠊疽苍趧?chuàng)造性地思考這個(gè)問(wèn)題:埃森哲(Accenture)、ServiceNow、林肯金融集團(tuán)(Lincoln Financial Group)和威瑞森(Verizon)最近聯(lián)合推出了一個(gè)網(wǎng)站,旨在幫助他們的被解雇或停職的員工找到新工作。)
在最近一輪裁員中被裁掉的Textio前高級(jí)招聘專員麗莎·塞默德建(Lisa Semerdjian)說(shuō),她非常感謝斯奈德和其他前同事為其找到新工作提供的所有幫助和潛在機(jī)會(huì)。不過(guò),她還說(shuō),由于這么多科技公司都在裁員,想找到工作非常困難。在Textio工作了一年半的塞默德建說(shuō):“我在LinkedIn里求職的反饋結(jié)果非常令人沮喪。”
換言之,即使是最善良、最具創(chuàng)造性的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能做的也只有這么多。但即使一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)的同情心可以起到很大的作用,特別是在當(dāng)今的環(huán)境下。
在宣布裁員之后,斯奈德創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)Slack頻道,供那些想與即將離職員工告別的人們,以及愿意離職的人們分享其個(gè)人聯(lián)系信息。斯奈德說(shuō):“(由于疫情影響)無(wú)法當(dāng)面說(shuō)再見(jiàn)是一件非常痛苦的事情?!?/p>
無(wú)數(shù)美國(guó)人都非常清楚的一點(diǎn)是,在當(dāng)今的經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)下,淪為失業(yè)大軍的一員本就是一件非常痛苦的事情。未來(lái)數(shù)周和數(shù)月預(yù)計(jì)將會(huì)有更多裁員,在諸多不同行業(yè),更多的企業(yè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能夠并且應(yīng)該考慮如何改變傳統(tǒng)的裁員方式。雖然裁員永遠(yuǎn)都不會(huì)是個(gè)令人高興的過(guò)程,但至少在裁員方式上還有改進(jìn)的空間。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
翻譯:劉進(jìn)龍
審校:汪皓
Call it layoffs, downsizing, or RIFs (reduction in force). Whatever name you put on it, cutting your workforce is never a pleasant process—and it always has a profoundly damaging effect, not only on those who have been let go but also, to a lesser extent, on those who stay on.
But could there a better way to do layoffs? If there was ever a time to innovate on how we navigate through this painful but often inevitable aspect of running a business, it would be now.
The COVID-19 outbreak has led to massive levels of workforce reductions, with the unemployment rate in the United States now estimated to be surging above 15%. Employers who are letting go of large proportions of their staff know that they are releasing them into this bleak wilderness. That’s why some managers, particularly in the tech startup sector, are trying to find new ways to lessen the blow.
“When we recognized we were going to have to restructure the company, we told people very quickly,” says Kieran Snyder, co-founder and chief executive officer of Seattle-based Textio, an artificial intelligence-powered “augmented writing” service for corporations. “We shared with the company a week before that we knew we would need to make some changes.”
Snyder challenged the conventional wisdom—or rather, practice—that layoffs should only be announced on the very day they are carried out. And while she says it was hard making any accurate business forecasts in the current state of affairs, she also says that sharing what you do know, and what you can foresee, is key. It can do a lot to prepare employees, both practically and emotionally, for what’s to come, and to provide them with better understanding of why their jobs are being eliminated.
Henry Ward, the CEO of Carta, a Palo Alto, Calif.-based equity management platform, started talking to his employees about how the pandemic could impact their business outlook about five weeks before pulling the trigger on layoffs. Two weeks before the cuts, he told his workforce that he can’t imagine not having to let some employees go. “What I tell other CEOs is that it’s not enough that they’re transparent on the day of, you have to be transparent up until that day.”
To be sure, that’s easier to do at privately-held companies like Textio and Carta, which tend to be smaller and aren’t beholden to the fluctuations of their stock price. Still, even scrappy tech startups don’t have a particularly glorious history of openness when it comes to layoffs.
“Many founders still think that productivity will be lost, and that it’s a morale drain [if they talk about layoffs too early],” says Ward, who announced definitive layoffs on a Friday and notified impacted employees five days later. “It’s true that nothing got done on that Friday,” he admits. “But in our experience, in the weeks leading up to the layoffs, productivity actually went up.”
Ward does say that, in retrospect, he would have probably shortened the time between announcing the layoffs and actually carrying them out, maybe notifying employees by Monday, not Wednesday. But in general, he thinks employees prefer having some sort of a heads up, and an understanding of why layoffs are happening in the first place. (A note: Recent media reports have speculated that Carta is in the midst of raising a new round of funding; the company declined to comment on the rumors.)
Ward tossed out other standard layoff procedures as well. “We let all of the employees [who were laid off] keep their laptops,” says the CEO. “Many of them didn’t have a laptop at home, and what are we going to do with 150 computers shipped over to our I.T. guy’s home anyways? It’s such a cheap show of good will.”
If you’re wondering how the tech department felt about Ward’s decision, yes, they freaked out. (For security reasons, let-go employees are typically asked to turn in their company-issued devices the same day they are let go.) But Ward says he believes ex-employees were actually more likely to comply with security protocols because it was all done in “good faith.”
“We just asked them to wipe their laptops clean and take a screenshot to show us,” he explains.
Letting ex-employees keep their laptops didn’t cost Ward anything. But it can mean a lot for those who are now jobless and may not have had another computer at home. The current economic climate, coupled with the shutdown status in many states—including California and Washington, where Carta and Textio are based—makes it more challenging to network and job-hunt. Creative and generous ways of thinking about providing assistance for employees once they are let go can go a long way. And it matters not only to those directly impacted, but also to those who are still a part of your workforce. “Whether they’re leaving or staying, employees really care about how their friends are being treated,” says Ward.
Both Ward and Snyder gave their employees generous severance packages—starting at three months and one month, respectively, with extended health coverage as well. But they also found other ways to help newly laid-off employees navigate through their new reality.
Snyder asked one of her human resources execs to do “reverse recruiting”—write up resumes for those employees who were asked to depart. And while many leaders wouldn’t have wanted to call attention to their company’s layoffs, she also went to Twitter to spread the word about some of the specific individuals whose jobs she cut, encouraging other employers to hire them. “Once people had shared their news, I felt responsible and committed to help them be seen,” says Snyder. “We had employees and former employees who also mobilized to help.” (Some larger companies are also thinking about this creatively: Accenture, ServiceNow, Lincoln Financial Group and Verizon recently banded together to launch a website that aims to help their laid off or furloughed employees find new jobs.)
Lisa Semerdjian, a former senior recruiter at Textio whose job was cut in the recent round of layoffs, says she was very grateful for all of help and lead generation for new jobs on the part of Snyder and other former colleagues. Still, with all of the layoffs happening at so many tech companies, she says job searching has been very difficult. “My LinkedIn feed is very sad,” says Semerdjian, who worked at Textio for one and a half years.
In other words, there is only so much that even the most well-meaning and creative leaders can do. But a little empathy can go a long way, especially today.
After announcing the layoffs, Snyder created a Slack channel for people who wanted to say farewell to those who were leaving—and for those who were leaving to share their personal contact information, if they wished. “It’s an acutely painful thing not to get to say farewell in person,” says Snyder.
It’s also an acutely painful thing to find yourself jobless in today’s economy, as millions of Americans know all too well. With more layoffs expected in the coming weeks and months, across so many different sectors, more business leaders could and should rethink the old ways of conducting layoffs. While it may never be pleasant, there will always be room for improvement.