蘋(píng)果公司(Apple Inc.)的首席執(zhí)行官蒂姆?庫(kù)克和他的左膀右臂們正在加緊培養(yǎng)下一代接班人,該iPhone制造商旗下的硬件開(kāi)發(fā)、服務(wù)和市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷(xiāo)等最重要的部門(mén),未來(lái)將交到新一代領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者手中。
庫(kù)克出任蘋(píng)果首席執(zhí)行官已經(jīng)進(jìn)入第10個(gè)年頭。如今他的管理團(tuán)隊(duì)中大部分都是在蘋(píng)果工作了20多年的高級(jí)副總裁,收入高達(dá)數(shù)千萬(wàn)美元,并且已經(jīng)達(dá)到或者接近55至60歲的高管退休年齡。有知情人士透露,這種情況再加上蘋(píng)果公司的正常企業(yè)規(guī)劃,促使這家位于加州庫(kù)比蒂諾的公司大力培養(yǎng)下一代高層管理人員。由于涉及公司內(nèi)部事務(wù),因此該知情人士要求匿名。而蘋(píng)果拒絕對(duì)此事置評(píng)。
庫(kù)克于2011年8月接替史蒂夫?喬布斯。在他的帶領(lǐng)下,蘋(píng)果成為全球市值最高的公司,也是美國(guó)第一家市值超過(guò)2萬(wàn)億美元的公司。盡管公司發(fā)展非常成功,但下一代管理者仍然需要解決各種問(wèn)題,包括日益加劇的全球反壟斷問(wèn)題、與應(yīng)用開(kāi)發(fā)者建立更緊密的聯(lián)系、減少對(duì)中國(guó)制造的依賴(lài),以及尋找能夠超越iPhone的新設(shè)備或新服務(wù)等。
庫(kù)克并沒(méi)有表示自己準(zhǔn)備退休,但如果現(xiàn)年59歲的庫(kù)克明天選擇退休,最有可能接替他的非57歲的現(xiàn)任首席運(yùn)營(yíng)官杰夫?威廉姆斯莫屬。威廉姆斯一直被認(rèn)為是庫(kù)克的欽定接班人,過(guò)去幾年,威廉姆斯一直在庫(kù)克領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下管理蘋(píng)果的全球業(yè)務(wù)。2013年,他接手了蘋(píng)果手表的開(kāi)發(fā)和蘋(píng)果健康項(xiàng)目,去年監(jiān)管的業(yè)務(wù)又增加了硬件和軟件設(shè)計(jì)。
從許多方面來(lái)看,威廉姆斯都與庫(kù)克一樣務(wù)實(shí),他不會(huì)讓公司錯(cuò)過(guò)任何機(jī)會(huì)。他像庫(kù)克一樣專(zhuān)注于運(yùn)營(yíng),而不是喬布斯或前首席設(shè)計(jì)師喬納森?艾維那樣的產(chǎn)品夢(mèng)想家。蘋(píng)果在庫(kù)克領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下的十年里已經(jīng)取得了成功,因此蘋(píng)果公司的董事會(huì)不太可能想要改變這種行之有效的發(fā)展模式。
彭博社在下文列舉了蘋(píng)果公司每個(gè)主要部門(mén)現(xiàn)任高管的潛在接班人。
市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷(xiāo)部門(mén)
56歲的格雷格?喬斯維亞克于今年8月接替菲爾?席勒擔(dān)任蘋(píng)果全球營(yíng)銷(xiāo)高級(jí)副總裁,但據(jù)知情人士透露,現(xiàn)年60歲的席勒近幾年來(lái)一直在逐步交接他的職責(zé)。
蘋(píng)果產(chǎn)品營(yíng)銷(xiāo)的業(yè)務(wù)范圍不只有廣告,該部門(mén)還需要幫忙篩選在設(shè)備上添加哪些功能,并協(xié)助管理產(chǎn)品開(kāi)發(fā)。喬斯維亞克于上世紀(jì)80年代加入蘋(píng)果,比處在半退休狀態(tài)的前任只年輕3歲左右。據(jù)知情人士透露,蘋(píng)果有多位喬斯維亞克的潛在接班人,其中最有可能的是新任iPhone營(yíng)銷(xiāo)副總裁、42歲的凱安?德蘭斯。
其他潛在的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者還包括斯坦?吳和蘇珊?普雷斯科特。斯坦?吳現(xiàn)任蘋(píng)果手表營(yíng)銷(xiāo)副總裁,他從上世紀(jì)90年代末開(kāi)始,曾經(jīng)先后參與Mac電腦、iPod以及后來(lái)的iPhone營(yíng)銷(xiāo),一直是蘋(píng)果營(yíng)銷(xiāo)團(tuán)隊(duì)的骨干。55歲的普雷斯科特負(fù)責(zé)應(yīng)用程序和企業(yè)營(yíng)銷(xiāo)。
軟件工程部門(mén)
51歲的克雷格?費(fèi)德里吉是蘋(píng)果高管團(tuán)隊(duì)中最年輕的一員,未來(lái)幾年,他可能會(huì)繼續(xù)擔(dān)任當(dāng)前的職位。但如果他下臺(tái),至少他的兩名重要副手可能會(huì)接替他的崗位。
知情人士認(rèn)為,如果有必要,智能系統(tǒng)體驗(yàn)部門(mén)的副總裁塞巴斯蒂安?馬里諾-梅斯和去年上任的CoreOS副總裁喬恩?安德魯斯最有可能獲得晉升。
安德魯斯負(fù)責(zé)的CoreOS是蘋(píng)果操作系統(tǒng)最基本的組成部分,主要處理無(wú)線(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)和文件系統(tǒng)等底層功能。馬里諾-梅斯曾經(jīng)擔(dān)任過(guò)安德魯斯現(xiàn)在的職位,但他在2016年被調(diào)任至照片和相機(jī)應(yīng)用部門(mén),同時(shí)負(fù)責(zé)系統(tǒng)安全業(yè)務(wù)。馬里諾-梅斯最近轉(zhuǎn)為負(fù)責(zé)開(kāi)發(fā)iOS 14新系統(tǒng)組件等功能。
馬里諾-梅斯此前曾經(jīng)在加拿大的黑莓有限公司(BlackBerry Ltd.)負(fù)責(zé)軟件部門(mén),2014年加入蘋(píng)果。安德魯斯于2006年加入蘋(píng)果。
服務(wù)部門(mén)
服務(wù)業(yè)務(wù)是蘋(píng)果增長(zhǎng)最快的領(lǐng)域之一,也是推動(dòng)設(shè)備銷(xiāo)售的關(guān)鍵因素?,F(xiàn)年55歲的埃迪?庫(kù)伊于2011年被任命為該部門(mén)的高級(jí)副總裁。
庫(kù)伊已經(jīng)在蘋(píng)果任職長(zhǎng)達(dá)30多年,他最初在公司負(fù)責(zé)客戶(hù)服務(wù)管理,目前主管的業(yè)務(wù)包括蘋(píng)果音樂(lè)、Apple TV+、iCloud、蘋(píng)果地圖等在公司設(shè)備上運(yùn)行的許多應(yīng)用程序,同時(shí)還負(fù)責(zé)內(nèi)容合作業(yè)務(wù)?,F(xiàn)年48歲的彼得?斯特恩被認(rèn)為是庫(kù)伊的首選繼任者。
斯特恩于2016年從時(shí)代華納有線(xiàn)(Time Warner Cable)加盟蘋(píng)果,負(fù)責(zé)內(nèi)容合作業(yè)務(wù)。他目前負(fù)責(zé)監(jiān)管蘋(píng)果視頻內(nèi)容,并主持蘋(píng)果新聞、蘋(píng)果圖書(shū)、iCloud 和公司廣告平臺(tái)等方面的業(yè)務(wù)。去年,斯特恩還曾經(jīng)為Apple TV應(yīng)用程序升級(jí)的開(kāi)發(fā)工作提供支持,并負(fù)責(zé)推進(jìn)蘋(píng)果的服務(wù)捆綁業(yè)務(wù)。
運(yùn)營(yíng)部門(mén)
蘋(píng)果的運(yùn)營(yíng)部門(mén)可能是該公司最重要的部門(mén)。運(yùn)營(yíng)團(tuán)隊(duì)負(fù)責(zé)在亞洲工廠(chǎng)生產(chǎn)數(shù)億臺(tái)設(shè)備,并將它們發(fā)往世界各地。運(yùn)營(yíng)部門(mén)還必須開(kāi)發(fā)制造技術(shù)、采購(gòu)零部件,并與供應(yīng)商達(dá)成合作協(xié)議。
在威廉姆斯接任之前,該部門(mén)一直由庫(kù)克負(fù)責(zé)。去年,蘋(píng)果任命54歲的薩賓?汗擔(dān)任公司運(yùn)營(yíng)高級(jí)副總裁。除了薩賓?汗以外,蘋(píng)果的運(yùn)營(yíng)團(tuán)隊(duì)里還有多位資深高管,如丹?羅斯克斯、羅布?約克和洛瑞?塞克斯頓等。
但知情人士稱(chēng),該部門(mén)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)崗位最有可能的長(zhǎng)期接班人是iPhone運(yùn)營(yíng)主管普里亞?巴拉蘇布拉曼尼亞姆。巴拉蘇布拉曼尼亞姆加入蘋(píng)果已經(jīng)近20年,從2014年起一直負(fù)責(zé)iPhone運(yùn)營(yíng)。她負(fù)責(zé)蘋(píng)果的主打產(chǎn)品iPhone及其基本零部件的生產(chǎn)、供應(yīng)鏈和維修網(wǎng)絡(luò)。
2017年,巴拉蘇布拉曼尼亞姆幫助韓國(guó)工廠(chǎng)解決了iPhone X面部識(shí)別傳感器的開(kāi)發(fā)難題。最終,這款手機(jī)趕在節(jié)日季及時(shí)發(fā)貨,并最終取得了出色的總體銷(xiāo)售業(yè)績(jī)。
硬件工程部門(mén)
現(xiàn)年57歲的丹?里奇奧自2012年起負(fù)責(zé)運(yùn)營(yíng)蘋(píng)果的硬件工程團(tuán)隊(duì),監(jiān)督幾乎所有蘋(píng)果設(shè)備的硬件開(kāi)發(fā)。
該部門(mén)有多位副總裁負(fù)責(zé)不同的領(lǐng)域,但最近幾年約翰?特納斯在團(tuán)隊(duì)內(nèi)部的地位一直在穩(wěn)步提升。作為里奇奧的得力助手,現(xiàn)年45歲的特納斯負(fù)責(zé)iPad和Mac的硬件工程,他還為其他多款產(chǎn)品的開(kāi)發(fā)提供了幫助。
據(jù)知情人士稱(chēng),特納斯作為一位管理者備受尊敬,他了解技術(shù),而且盡管地位不斷提高,但他依舊為人謙遜,這讓他具備了未來(lái)成為部門(mén)負(fù)責(zé)人甚至首席執(zhí)行官的所有品質(zhì)。
特納斯最近負(fù)責(zé)新款iPad Pro產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)開(kāi)發(fā),在公司多個(gè)產(chǎn)品線(xiàn)衰落之后,他把更多精力放到了Mac產(chǎn)品,而且在公司從英特爾處理器過(guò)渡到Mac處理器的過(guò)程中,特納斯也發(fā)揮了關(guān)鍵作用。
硬件技術(shù)部門(mén)
喬尼?斯魯吉所領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的硬件技術(shù)部門(mén)已經(jīng)逐漸變成蘋(píng)果最重要的資產(chǎn)之一。該團(tuán)隊(duì)主要為iPhone、iPad和蘋(píng)果手表等產(chǎn)品開(kāi)發(fā)芯片,芯片的性能遠(yuǎn)超許多競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手。該部門(mén)正在為蘋(píng)果即將推出的增強(qiáng)現(xiàn)實(shí)頭盔和眼鏡開(kāi)發(fā)芯片,以及應(yīng)用于未來(lái)iPhone手機(jī)的蜂窩式調(diào)制解調(diào)器和將取代Mac電腦中的英特爾處理器的蘋(píng)果處理器。
現(xiàn)年55歲的斯魯吉于2008年加入蘋(píng)果,2015年被任命為蘋(píng)果高管。他是一位苛刻的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者,對(duì)團(tuán)隊(duì)管理嚴(yán)格。他所領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的團(tuán)隊(duì)在芯片行業(yè)里的知名度與日俱增。斯魯吉的直接下屬中沒(méi)有人擁有他那樣的影響力,能夠領(lǐng)導(dǎo)這樣一個(gè)要求嚴(yán)格的團(tuán)隊(duì)。但知情人士認(rèn)為,如果斯魯吉下臺(tái)或退休,54歲的斯利巴蘭?桑達(dá)南最有可能接任這一職位。
桑達(dá)南現(xiàn)任蘋(píng)果硅工程部門(mén)副總裁。他于2008年加入蘋(píng)果,當(dāng)時(shí)他所在公司P.A. Semi 被蘋(píng)果收購(gòu),蘋(píng)果在此基礎(chǔ)上創(chuàng)立了其內(nèi)部芯片業(yè)務(wù)。桑達(dá)南最近發(fā)布了iPhone 11的處理器,他也是蘋(píng)果Mac電腦處理器轉(zhuǎn)型的主要人物之一,因此他的知名度有所提升。
零售及人力資源部門(mén)
去年,在安吉拉?阿倫茨辭去蘋(píng)果零售主管一職后,蒂姆?庫(kù)克嘗試了從內(nèi)部提拔這種新的做法。庫(kù)克在2012年最早選擇的零售主管是從外部聘請(qǐng)的約翰?布勞伊特,但他的管理理念與公司的客戶(hù)服務(wù)文化相沖突,導(dǎo)致他在不到一年后就離開(kāi)了公司。而阿倫茨對(duì)蘋(píng)果零售店的布置和運(yùn)營(yíng)進(jìn)行的改造,卻引起了一些員工和客戶(hù)的不滿(mǎn)。
去年上臺(tái)的迪爾德麗?奧布萊恩在新冠肺炎疫情期間大力推廣蘋(píng)果的在線(xiàn)零售業(yè)務(wù),并臨時(shí)確定了營(yíng)業(yè)和停業(yè)的門(mén)店。如果54歲的奧布萊恩辭去零售與人力資源主管的職位,蘋(píng)果有多位副手可以接手。
蘋(píng)果可能會(huì)再次考慮將該職位一分為二,一個(gè)單獨(dú)負(fù)責(zé)人力資源管理,另一個(gè)負(fù)責(zé)主要地區(qū)的零售業(yè)務(wù)。蘋(píng)果也可能像往常一樣從外部聘請(qǐng)一位負(fù)責(zé)人。
首席財(cái)務(wù)官、首席法律顧問(wèn)和機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)部門(mén)
2014 年,蘋(píng)果的前首席財(cái)務(wù)官彼得?奧本海默退休前一年,蘋(píng)果從施樂(lè)公司(Xerox Corp.)挖來(lái)了現(xiàn)年56歲的現(xiàn)任首席財(cái)務(wù)官盧卡?馬埃斯特里。他在此之前曾經(jīng)擔(dān)任公司財(cái)務(wù)總監(jiān)和財(cái)務(wù)副總裁。如果馬埃斯特里離職,蘋(píng)果可能會(huì)再次從外部聘請(qǐng)一位財(cái)務(wù)部門(mén)負(fù)責(zé)人。蘋(píng)果也可能會(huì)考慮現(xiàn)任財(cái)務(wù)副總裁索里?凱西,她目前負(fù)責(zé)監(jiān)督公司賬目和編制公司財(cái)報(bào)。
蘋(píng)果過(guò)去的兩任首席法律顧問(wèn)均從外部聘請(qǐng):現(xiàn)任首席法律顧問(wèn)是56歲的凱特?亞當(dāng)斯,來(lái)自霍尼韋爾(Honeywell),其前任布魯斯?休厄爾則來(lái)自英特爾。
蘋(píng)果負(fù)責(zé)機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)和人工智能戰(zhàn)略的高級(jí)副總裁是55歲的約翰?詹安安德里亞。他此前曾經(jīng)在谷歌(Google)擔(dān)任類(lèi)似崗位。詹安安德里沒(méi)有明確的接班人,所以如果他離開(kāi)蘋(píng)果,目前還不清楚誰(shuí)將接替他,或者蘋(píng)果是否會(huì)將該部門(mén)重新并入軟件工程部門(mén)。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
翻譯:劉進(jìn)龍
審校:汪皓
蘋(píng)果公司(Apple Inc.)的首席執(zhí)行官蒂姆?庫(kù)克和他的左膀右臂們正在加緊培養(yǎng)下一代接班人,該iPhone制造商旗下的硬件開(kāi)發(fā)、服務(wù)和市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷(xiāo)等最重要的部門(mén),未來(lái)將交到新一代領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者手中。
庫(kù)克出任蘋(píng)果首席執(zhí)行官已經(jīng)進(jìn)入第10個(gè)年頭。如今他的管理團(tuán)隊(duì)中大部分都是在蘋(píng)果工作了20多年的高級(jí)副總裁,收入高達(dá)數(shù)千萬(wàn)美元,并且已經(jīng)達(dá)到或者接近55至60歲的高管退休年齡。有知情人士透露,這種情況再加上蘋(píng)果公司的正常企業(yè)規(guī)劃,促使這家位于加州庫(kù)比蒂諾的公司大力培養(yǎng)下一代高層管理人員。由于涉及公司內(nèi)部事務(wù),因此該知情人士要求匿名。而蘋(píng)果拒絕對(duì)此事置評(píng)。
庫(kù)克于2011年8月接替史蒂夫?喬布斯。在他的帶領(lǐng)下,蘋(píng)果成為全球市值最高的公司,也是美國(guó)第一家市值超過(guò)2萬(wàn)億美元的公司。盡管公司發(fā)展非常成功,但下一代管理者仍然需要解決各種問(wèn)題,包括日益加劇的全球反壟斷問(wèn)題、與應(yīng)用開(kāi)發(fā)者建立更緊密的聯(lián)系、減少對(duì)中國(guó)制造的依賴(lài),以及尋找能夠超越iPhone的新設(shè)備或新服務(wù)等。
庫(kù)克并沒(méi)有表示自己準(zhǔn)備退休,但如果現(xiàn)年59歲的庫(kù)克明天選擇退休,最有可能接替他的非57歲的現(xiàn)任首席運(yùn)營(yíng)官杰夫?威廉姆斯莫屬。威廉姆斯一直被認(rèn)為是庫(kù)克的欽定接班人,過(guò)去幾年,威廉姆斯一直在庫(kù)克領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下管理蘋(píng)果的全球業(yè)務(wù)。2013年,他接手了蘋(píng)果手表的開(kāi)發(fā)和蘋(píng)果健康項(xiàng)目,去年監(jiān)管的業(yè)務(wù)又增加了硬件和軟件設(shè)計(jì)。
從許多方面來(lái)看,威廉姆斯都與庫(kù)克一樣務(wù)實(shí),他不會(huì)讓公司錯(cuò)過(guò)任何機(jī)會(huì)。他像庫(kù)克一樣專(zhuān)注于運(yùn)營(yíng),而不是喬布斯或前首席設(shè)計(jì)師喬納森?艾維那樣的產(chǎn)品夢(mèng)想家。蘋(píng)果在庫(kù)克領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下的十年里已經(jīng)取得了成功,因此蘋(píng)果公司的董事會(huì)不太可能想要改變這種行之有效的發(fā)展模式。
彭博社在下文列舉了蘋(píng)果公司每個(gè)主要部門(mén)現(xiàn)任高管的潛在接班人。
市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷(xiāo)部門(mén)
56歲的格雷格?喬斯維亞克于今年8月接替菲爾?席勒擔(dān)任蘋(píng)果全球營(yíng)銷(xiāo)高級(jí)副總裁,但據(jù)知情人士透露,現(xiàn)年60歲的席勒近幾年來(lái)一直在逐步交接他的職責(zé)。
蘋(píng)果產(chǎn)品營(yíng)銷(xiāo)的業(yè)務(wù)范圍不只有廣告,該部門(mén)還需要幫忙篩選在設(shè)備上添加哪些功能,并協(xié)助管理產(chǎn)品開(kāi)發(fā)。喬斯維亞克于上世紀(jì)80年代加入蘋(píng)果,比處在半退休狀態(tài)的前任只年輕3歲左右。據(jù)知情人士透露,蘋(píng)果有多位喬斯維亞克的潛在接班人,其中最有可能的是新任iPhone營(yíng)銷(xiāo)副總裁、42歲的凱安?德蘭斯。
其他潛在的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者還包括斯坦?吳和蘇珊?普雷斯科特。斯坦?吳現(xiàn)任蘋(píng)果手表營(yíng)銷(xiāo)副總裁,他從上世紀(jì)90年代末開(kāi)始,曾經(jīng)先后參與Mac電腦、iPod以及后來(lái)的iPhone營(yíng)銷(xiāo),一直是蘋(píng)果營(yíng)銷(xiāo)團(tuán)隊(duì)的骨干。55歲的普雷斯科特負(fù)責(zé)應(yīng)用程序和企業(yè)營(yíng)銷(xiāo)。
軟件工程部門(mén)
51歲的克雷格?費(fèi)德里吉是蘋(píng)果高管團(tuán)隊(duì)中最年輕的一員,未來(lái)幾年,他可能會(huì)繼續(xù)擔(dān)任當(dāng)前的職位。但如果他下臺(tái),至少他的兩名重要副手可能會(huì)接替他的崗位。
知情人士認(rèn)為,如果有必要,智能系統(tǒng)體驗(yàn)部門(mén)的副總裁塞巴斯蒂安?馬里諾-梅斯和去年上任的CoreOS副總裁喬恩?安德魯斯最有可能獲得晉升。
安德魯斯負(fù)責(zé)的CoreOS是蘋(píng)果操作系統(tǒng)最基本的組成部分,主要處理無(wú)線(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)和文件系統(tǒng)等底層功能。馬里諾-梅斯曾經(jīng)擔(dān)任過(guò)安德魯斯現(xiàn)在的職位,但他在2016年被調(diào)任至照片和相機(jī)應(yīng)用部門(mén),同時(shí)負(fù)責(zé)系統(tǒng)安全業(yè)務(wù)。馬里諾-梅斯最近轉(zhuǎn)為負(fù)責(zé)開(kāi)發(fā)iOS 14新系統(tǒng)組件等功能。
馬里諾-梅斯此前曾經(jīng)在加拿大的黑莓有限公司(BlackBerry Ltd.)負(fù)責(zé)軟件部門(mén),2014年加入蘋(píng)果。安德魯斯于2006年加入蘋(píng)果。
服務(wù)部門(mén)
服務(wù)業(yè)務(wù)是蘋(píng)果增長(zhǎng)最快的領(lǐng)域之一,也是推動(dòng)設(shè)備銷(xiāo)售的關(guān)鍵因素?,F(xiàn)年55歲的埃迪?庫(kù)伊于2011年被任命為該部門(mén)的高級(jí)副總裁。
庫(kù)伊已經(jīng)在蘋(píng)果任職長(zhǎng)達(dá)30多年,他最初在公司負(fù)責(zé)客戶(hù)服務(wù)管理,目前主管的業(yè)務(wù)包括蘋(píng)果音樂(lè)、Apple TV+、iCloud、蘋(píng)果地圖等在公司設(shè)備上運(yùn)行的許多應(yīng)用程序,同時(shí)還負(fù)責(zé)內(nèi)容合作業(yè)務(wù)?,F(xiàn)年48歲的彼得?斯特恩被認(rèn)為是庫(kù)伊的首選繼任者。
斯特恩于2016年從時(shí)代華納有線(xiàn)(Time Warner Cable)加盟蘋(píng)果,負(fù)責(zé)內(nèi)容合作業(yè)務(wù)。他目前負(fù)責(zé)監(jiān)管蘋(píng)果視頻內(nèi)容,并主持蘋(píng)果新聞、蘋(píng)果圖書(shū)、iCloud 和公司廣告平臺(tái)等方面的業(yè)務(wù)。去年,斯特恩還曾經(jīng)為Apple TV應(yīng)用程序升級(jí)的開(kāi)發(fā)工作提供支持,并負(fù)責(zé)推進(jìn)蘋(píng)果的服務(wù)捆綁業(yè)務(wù)。
運(yùn)營(yíng)部門(mén)
蘋(píng)果的運(yùn)營(yíng)部門(mén)可能是該公司最重要的部門(mén)。運(yùn)營(yíng)團(tuán)隊(duì)負(fù)責(zé)在亞洲工廠(chǎng)生產(chǎn)數(shù)億臺(tái)設(shè)備,并將它們發(fā)往世界各地。運(yùn)營(yíng)部門(mén)還必須開(kāi)發(fā)制造技術(shù)、采購(gòu)零部件,并與供應(yīng)商達(dá)成合作協(xié)議。
在威廉姆斯接任之前,該部門(mén)一直由庫(kù)克負(fù)責(zé)。去年,蘋(píng)果任命54歲的薩賓?汗擔(dān)任公司運(yùn)營(yíng)高級(jí)副總裁。除了薩賓?汗以外,蘋(píng)果的運(yùn)營(yíng)團(tuán)隊(duì)里還有多位資深高管,如丹?羅斯克斯、羅布?約克和洛瑞?塞克斯頓等。
但知情人士稱(chēng),該部門(mén)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)崗位最有可能的長(zhǎng)期接班人是iPhone運(yùn)營(yíng)主管普里亞?巴拉蘇布拉曼尼亞姆。巴拉蘇布拉曼尼亞姆加入蘋(píng)果已經(jīng)近20年,從2014年起一直負(fù)責(zé)iPhone運(yùn)營(yíng)。她負(fù)責(zé)蘋(píng)果的主打產(chǎn)品iPhone及其基本零部件的生產(chǎn)、供應(yīng)鏈和維修網(wǎng)絡(luò)。
2017年,巴拉蘇布拉曼尼亞姆幫助韓國(guó)工廠(chǎng)解決了iPhone X面部識(shí)別傳感器的開(kāi)發(fā)難題。最終,這款手機(jī)趕在節(jié)日季及時(shí)發(fā)貨,并最終取得了出色的總體銷(xiāo)售業(yè)績(jī)。
硬件工程部門(mén)
現(xiàn)年57歲的丹?里奇奧自2012年起負(fù)責(zé)運(yùn)營(yíng)蘋(píng)果的硬件工程團(tuán)隊(duì),監(jiān)督幾乎所有蘋(píng)果設(shè)備的硬件開(kāi)發(fā)。
該部門(mén)有多位副總裁負(fù)責(zé)不同的領(lǐng)域,但最近幾年約翰?特納斯在團(tuán)隊(duì)內(nèi)部的地位一直在穩(wěn)步提升。作為里奇奧的得力助手,現(xiàn)年45歲的特納斯負(fù)責(zé)iPad和Mac的硬件工程,他還為其他多款產(chǎn)品的開(kāi)發(fā)提供了幫助。
據(jù)知情人士稱(chēng),特納斯作為一位管理者備受尊敬,他了解技術(shù),而且盡管地位不斷提高,但他依舊為人謙遜,這讓他具備了未來(lái)成為部門(mén)負(fù)責(zé)人甚至首席執(zhí)行官的所有品質(zhì)。
特納斯最近負(fù)責(zé)新款iPad Pro產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)開(kāi)發(fā),在公司多個(gè)產(chǎn)品線(xiàn)衰落之后,他把更多精力放到了Mac產(chǎn)品,而且在公司從英特爾處理器過(guò)渡到Mac處理器的過(guò)程中,特納斯也發(fā)揮了關(guān)鍵作用。
硬件技術(shù)部門(mén)
喬尼?斯魯吉所領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的硬件技術(shù)部門(mén)已經(jīng)逐漸變成蘋(píng)果最重要的資產(chǎn)之一。該團(tuán)隊(duì)主要為iPhone、iPad和蘋(píng)果手表等產(chǎn)品開(kāi)發(fā)芯片,芯片的性能遠(yuǎn)超許多競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手。該部門(mén)正在為蘋(píng)果即將推出的增強(qiáng)現(xiàn)實(shí)頭盔和眼鏡開(kāi)發(fā)芯片,以及應(yīng)用于未來(lái)iPhone手機(jī)的蜂窩式調(diào)制解調(diào)器和將取代Mac電腦中的英特爾處理器的蘋(píng)果處理器。
現(xiàn)年55歲的斯魯吉于2008年加入蘋(píng)果,2015年被任命為蘋(píng)果高管。他是一位苛刻的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者,對(duì)團(tuán)隊(duì)管理嚴(yán)格。他所領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的團(tuán)隊(duì)在芯片行業(yè)里的知名度與日俱增。斯魯吉的直接下屬中沒(méi)有人擁有他那樣的影響力,能夠領(lǐng)導(dǎo)這樣一個(gè)要求嚴(yán)格的團(tuán)隊(duì)。但知情人士認(rèn)為,如果斯魯吉下臺(tái)或退休,54歲的斯利巴蘭?桑達(dá)南最有可能接任這一職位。
桑達(dá)南現(xiàn)任蘋(píng)果硅工程部門(mén)副總裁。他于2008年加入蘋(píng)果,當(dāng)時(shí)他所在公司P.A. Semi 被蘋(píng)果收購(gòu),蘋(píng)果在此基礎(chǔ)上創(chuàng)立了其內(nèi)部芯片業(yè)務(wù)。桑達(dá)南最近發(fā)布了iPhone 11的處理器,他也是蘋(píng)果Mac電腦處理器轉(zhuǎn)型的主要人物之一,因此他的知名度有所提升。
零售及人力資源部門(mén)
去年,在安吉拉?阿倫茨辭去蘋(píng)果零售主管一職后,蒂姆?庫(kù)克嘗試了從內(nèi)部提拔這種新的做法。庫(kù)克在2012年最早選擇的零售主管是從外部聘請(qǐng)的約翰?布勞伊特,但他的管理理念與公司的客戶(hù)服務(wù)文化相沖突,導(dǎo)致他在不到一年后就離開(kāi)了公司。而阿倫茨對(duì)蘋(píng)果零售店的布置和運(yùn)營(yíng)進(jìn)行的改造,卻引起了一些員工和客戶(hù)的不滿(mǎn)。
去年上臺(tái)的迪爾德麗?奧布萊恩在新冠肺炎疫情期間大力推廣蘋(píng)果的在線(xiàn)零售業(yè)務(wù),并臨時(shí)確定了營(yíng)業(yè)和停業(yè)的門(mén)店。如果54歲的奧布萊恩辭去零售與人力資源主管的職位,蘋(píng)果有多位副手可以接手。
蘋(píng)果可能會(huì)再次考慮將該職位一分為二,一個(gè)單獨(dú)負(fù)責(zé)人力資源管理,另一個(gè)負(fù)責(zé)主要地區(qū)的零售業(yè)務(wù)。蘋(píng)果也可能像往常一樣從外部聘請(qǐng)一位負(fù)責(zé)人。
首席財(cái)務(wù)官、首席法律顧問(wèn)和機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)部門(mén)
2014 年,蘋(píng)果的前首席財(cái)務(wù)官彼得?奧本海默退休前一年,蘋(píng)果從施樂(lè)公司(Xerox Corp.)挖來(lái)了現(xiàn)年56歲的現(xiàn)任首席財(cái)務(wù)官盧卡?馬埃斯特里。他在此之前曾經(jīng)擔(dān)任公司財(cái)務(wù)總監(jiān)和財(cái)務(wù)副總裁。如果馬埃斯特里離職,蘋(píng)果可能會(huì)再次從外部聘請(qǐng)一位財(cái)務(wù)部門(mén)負(fù)責(zé)人。蘋(píng)果也可能會(huì)考慮現(xiàn)任財(cái)務(wù)副總裁索里?凱西,她目前負(fù)責(zé)監(jiān)督公司賬目和編制公司財(cái)報(bào)。
蘋(píng)果過(guò)去的兩任首席法律顧問(wèn)均從外部聘請(qǐng):現(xiàn)任首席法律顧問(wèn)是56歲的凱特?亞當(dāng)斯,來(lái)自霍尼韋爾(Honeywell),其前任布魯斯?休厄爾則來(lái)自英特爾。
蘋(píng)果負(fù)責(zé)機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)和人工智能戰(zhàn)略的高級(jí)副總裁是55歲的約翰?詹安安德里亞。他此前曾經(jīng)在谷歌(Google)擔(dān)任類(lèi)似崗位。詹安安德里沒(méi)有明確的接班人,所以如果他離開(kāi)蘋(píng)果,目前還不清楚誰(shuí)將接替他,或者蘋(píng)果是否會(huì)將該部門(mén)重新并入軟件工程部門(mén)。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
翻譯:劉進(jìn)龍
審校:汪皓
Apple Inc. Chief Executive Officer Tim Cook and his top deputies are focusing greater attention on developing a new generation of leaders to eventually run some of the iPhone maker’s most important divisions such as hardware development, services and marketing.
As Cook begins his 10th year at the helm, his management group is filled mostly with senior vice presidents who have worked at Apple for more than two decades, made tens of millions of dollars and are at or near the ages of 55 to 60 when many previous executives have stepped aside. That, along with typical corporate planning, has spurred the Cupertino, California-based company to cultivate its next class of top managers, said people familiar with the matter who asked not to be identified talking about internal company discussions. Apple declined to comment.
Cook, who took over from Steve Jobs in August 2011, has led Apple to become the world’s most valuable company and the first in the U.S. with a market capitalization that topped $2 trillion. Even with the company’s success, the next group of leaders will need to navigate rising global antitrust concerns, build stronger relationships with app developers, reduce the reliance on Chinese manufacturing and find devices or new services to carry the company beyond the iPhone.
The CEO has given no indication he’s ready to retire, but if the 59-year-old Cook moved on tomorrow, look no further than Chief Operating Officer Jeff Williams, 57, to take over. Williams is seen as the heir apparent, having run the company’s global operations under Cook for the past several years. In 2013, he took over development of the Apple Watch and Apple’s health initiatives, and last year, added oversight of hardware and software design.
In many ways, Williams is seen as pragmatic as Cook and as someone who wouldn't let the company miss a beat. He is an operations-focused executive like Cook rather than a product visionary like Jobs or former design chief Jony Ive. With the company’s decade of success under Cook, it’s unlikely the board would want to shift away from this proven formula.
Below, Bloomberg takes a look at possible successors to the current executives in charge of each major Apple division.
Marketing
Greg Joswiak, 56, took over for Phil Schiller as Apple’s senior vice president of worldwide marketing in August, but Schiller, 60, had been gradually handing off some responsibility for years, according to people familiar with the transition.
At Apple, the product marketing organization is broader than ads, as the group helps choose which features to add to devices and helps manage product development. Joswiak joined Apple in the 1980s, and is just about three years younger than his semi-retired predecessor. The company has a list of potential successors to Joswiak, with the “smart money” being on newly appointed vice president of iPhone marketing Kaiann Drance, 42, to eventually take over, according to a person close to the company.
Other potential contenders include Stan Ng and Susan Prescott. Ng, vice president of Apple Watch marketing, has been a mainstay in Apple’s marketing organization since the late 1990s, starting off on the Mac, transitioning to the iPod, and then working on the iPhone before the Watch. Prescott, 55, oversees marketing for apps and enterprise.
Software engineering
Craig Federighi, 51, is the youngest member of Apple’s executive team and is likely to remain in his role for several more years. But if he stepped down, Federighi has at least two key lieutenants that could fill the role.
Sebastien Marineau-Mes, vice president of Intelligent Systems Experience, and Jon Andrews, who was named a vice president in charge of CoreOS last year, are seen by people close to Apple as most likely to be promoted if necessary.
Andrews’s CoreOS is the most fundamental component of Apple’s operating systems, the layer that handles underlying features like wireless networking and the file system. Marineau-Mes used to hold Andrews’s role, but in 2016 was moved to oversee the Photos and Camera apps in addition to system security. More recently, Marineau-Mes was shifted to work on features like the new iOS 14 widgets.
Marineau-Mes was hired away from BlackBerry Ltd. in 2014 after running the Canada-based company’s software division, and Andrews joined Apple in 2006.
Services
Services are one of Apple’s fastest growing segments and a key driver for device sales. Eddy Cue, 55, was named the senior vice president of the unit in 2011.
Cue, who has worked more than 30 years at Apple, started at the company by managing customer service teams and now oversees Apple Music, Apple TV+, iCloud, Apple Maps, many of the applications that run on the company’s devices and dealmaking for content. As for Cue’s eventual successor, Peter Stern, 48, is at the top of the short list.
Stern, who joined Apple from Time Warner Cable in 2016, is a content dealmaker. He oversees the business side of Apple’s video efforts and leads work on Apple News, Apple Books, iCloud and the company's advertising platforms. He also helped handle the development of Apple’s upgraded TV app last year and is leading the charge on Apple’s push into services bundles.
Operations
Apple’s operations division is perhaps the company’s most important. The team is responsible for cranking out hundreds of millions of devices from Asia and shipping them across the world. The group also must develop manufacturing techniques, source components and strike deals with suppliers.
Cook ran Apple’s operations before handing over that responsibility to Williams. Last year, Apple tapped Sabih Khan, 54, as senior vice president of operations. Beyond Khan, Apple has a team of several veterans such as operations executives Dan Rosckes, Rob York and Rory Sexton.
But the most likely long-term successor, according to people familiar with the group, is Priya Balasubramaniam, head of operations for the iPhone. Balasubramaniam has been in her current role since 2014 and joined Apple nearly 20 years ago. She is in charge of the production, supply chain and repair network for Apple’s most important product as well as underlying components.
In 2017, Balasubramaniam helped fix development challenges with the iPhone X’s facial recognition sensor at facilities in South Korea. The phone ended up shipping in time for the holiday season and helped lead to strong overall sales.
Hardware engineering
Dan Riccio, 57, has run Apple’s hardware engineering division since 2012 and oversees the hardware development of almost every Apple device.
The group has several vice presidents who run different areas, but John Ternus’s profile inside and outside of the company has steadily risen over the past several years. As a top lieutenant to Riccio, Ternus, 45, is in charge of hardware engineering for the iPad and Mac. He also contributes to the development of several other products.
A person who knows Ternus called him a well-respected manager who understands the technology, and despite his rising profile, has remained unassuming — all characteristics of a potential future division head or even CEO.
Ternus recently supervised the development of the new iPad Pro design, an increased focus on the Mac after the company let several lines languish and has been key in the company’s transition from Intel Corp. to its own Mac processors.
Hardware technologies
Johny Srouji’s Hardware Technologies group has increasingly become one of Apple’s most important assets. His team’s chips have powered the iPhone, iPad, and Apple Watch with performance outpacing many rivals. The group is also developing chips at the core of Apple’s upcoming augmented-reality headset and glasses, cellular modems for future iPhones and processors to replace those from Intel in Macs.
Srouji, 55, joined Apple in 2008 and was appointed to Apple’s executive team in 2015. He is a demanding leader who keeps a tight grip on a team that has a rising profile in the chip industry. None of his direct reports are seen as having Srouji’s clout to run such a demanding division. Still, Sribalan Santhanam, 54, is most likely to take the role if Srouji were to step down or retire, people close to the company said.
Santhanam, the company’s vice president of Silicon Engineering, joined Apple in 2008 when his previous employer P.A. Semi, was acquired to kickstart Apple’s in-house chip efforts. His profile has risen lately after he announced the iPhone 11’s processor and was one of the showmen of Apple’s Mac processor transition.
Retail & human resources
When Angela Ahrendts left her post as Apple’s retail chief last year, Tim Cook tried something new: promoting an insider to the job. Cook’s first choice as head of retail in 2012, John Browett, came from the outside and clashed with a culture of customer service, which triggered his departure after less than a year. While Ahrendts revamped the look and operations of stores, some employees and customers weren’t pleased with the changes.
Since taking over last year, Deirdre O’Brien has pushed Apple retail online amid the Covid-19 pandemic and navigated opening and shutting locations on an ad hoc basis. If O’Brien, 54, were to step down from her post as head of retail and human resources, Apple has a bench of lieutenants in place to take over.
The company could consider again splitting the role into two positions, such as promoting a retail leader of a major geography in addition to having a standalone human resources executive. Apple could also look to hire an outsider as it did before.
Chief Financial Officer, General Counsel and Machine Learning
About a year before the retirement of previous Chief Financial Officer Peter Oppenheimer in 2014, Apple hired current CFO Luca Maestri, 56, away from Xerox Corp. He served as corporate controller and vice president of finance before taking the CFO job. If Maestri were to leave Apple, it’s possible the company could once again look for an outsider to take the job. It could also consider Saori Casey, its current vice president of finance, who oversees the company’s books and is responsible for putting together earnings reports.
The company has also hired outsiders for its past two general counsels: the current holder of the job Kate Adams, 56, came from Honeywell, while her predecessor, Bruce Sewell, joined from Intel.
Apple’s senior vice president of machine learning and AI strategy role was created specifically for John Giannandrea, 55, who earlier held a similar job at Google. Giannandrea does not have a clear top lieutenant, so if he were to depart Apple, it’s unclear who would replace him or if Apple would fold the unit back into the Software Engineering department.