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即將離開白宮的特朗普,很可能成立 “特朗普電視臺”

REY MASHAYEKHI
2020-11-27

“特朗普”也許是美國政治史上最強(qiáng)大的品牌。

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也許特朗普永遠(yuǎn)不會公開承認(rèn)自己敗選,但當(dāng)聯(lián)邦政府總務(wù)署終于在周一通過了政權(quán)過渡的法案,將之后的總統(tǒng)行政權(quán)讓渡給拜登時(shí),他還是不得不接受在2020年大選中落敗的事實(shí)。

鑒于目前特朗普不愿將總統(tǒng)職位讓渡給拜登的“憲政危機(jī)”已經(jīng)得以解除,人們就更對特朗普的未來充滿了猜測。當(dāng)他在白宮度過了史無前例、過分張揚(yáng)的四年總統(tǒng)生涯之后,無論發(fā)生什么,都很難想象他在從總統(tǒng)席位上退休后,會安于平靜——諸如把時(shí)間花在設(shè)計(jì)總統(tǒng)圖書館上,并對繼任者的工作表現(xiàn)保持沉默。

顯而易見的是,他離任時(shí)的形象和初上任時(shí)并無不同:一個(gè)分裂的、兩極分化的人物,盡管以數(shù)百萬張選票之差輸?shù)袅舜筮x,但仍有一部分美國選民相當(dāng)堅(jiān)定地追隨著他。美國消費(fèi)者新聞與商業(yè)頻道(CNBC)與Change研究機(jī)構(gòu)于本周進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)新的民意調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),有73%的特朗普支持者很明顯地在復(fù)述著這位總統(tǒng)毫無根據(jù)的宣傳話語——相信他是2020年大選的合法獲勝者。如果特朗普決定脫離共和黨并成立自己的政黨,這些選民中有72%的人表示,他們很樂意拋棄共和黨,并跟隨他加入新成立的特朗普黨。

如果特朗普在2015年決定參選總統(tǒng)時(shí),就是為了鞏固自己的品牌并引起公眾的注意——如果他真的認(rèn)為,他長期暴露在聚光燈下的候選人身份能帶來更多的媒體機(jī)會,或至少帶火他新一季的真人秀《學(xué)徒》——那么,總的來說,整個(gè)事件就是一次巨大的成功。盡管有種種看法認(rèn)為,競選總統(tǒng)讓特朗普集團(tuán)的名譽(yù)受損,以及他為當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)的快感付出了數(shù)百萬美元的代價(jià),但當(dāng)特朗普本人即將離開白宮時(shí),仍有成千上萬的美國人愿意追隨他的每句話語、每個(gè)姿勢?!疤乩势铡背蔀榱艘粋€(gè)面向公眾的品牌,并且也許是美國政治史上最強(qiáng)大的品牌。

因此,人們越來越猜想,特朗普終將意識到,自己最初是以何種方式擔(dān)任總統(tǒng)一職的:通過自己一手打造的媒體事件,獲得了膾炙人口的品牌效應(yīng)及熱烈的追隨者。選舉剛結(jié)束,幾乎就立即出現(xiàn)了關(guān)于“特朗普電視臺”的討論,這顯然是由這位總統(tǒng)對福克斯新聞?lì)l道和(據(jù)傳)對傳媒大亨默多克的憤怒引起的——他認(rèn)為這些媒體報(bào)道保守派的聲音時(shí)有失偏頗,不愿意給他曝光率,令他很不滿。

在這一點(diǎn)上,任何人都可能會猜到那副場景會是什么模樣。根據(jù)美國新聞網(wǎng)站Axios報(bào)道,鑒于搭建一個(gè)新的有線新聞網(wǎng)絡(luò)會面臨財(cái)務(wù)和物流方面的障礙,而以訂閱用戶為基礎(chǔ)的在線流媒體頻道開始崛起——可以預(yù)見,特朗普會將這些平臺上的大量用戶視為自己競選活動的珍寶,利用其手機(jī)和電子郵件等聯(lián)系方式,把他們當(dāng)作自己的“潛在訂戶”。上周,《華爾街日報(bào)》報(bào)道說,總統(tǒng)的盟友已投資了Newsmax——一家由特朗普的親信克里斯托弗·魯?shù)线\(yùn)營的保守派網(wǎng)站和廣播網(wǎng)絡(luò),特朗普的目的是使Newsmax成為Fox News的合法挑戰(zhàn)者。(但魯?shù)蟿t否認(rèn)自己的業(yè)務(wù)中有任何此類交易)

在特朗普擔(dān)任總統(tǒng)的時(shí)代,Newsmax和右翼有線電視頻道One American News Network(OAN)的影響力都得到了大幅提高,這在很大程度上要?dú)w功于特朗普憑總統(tǒng)身份、以轉(zhuǎn)推和背書的形式與之聯(lián)合,施加了不小的影響。反過來,這些媒體也表現(xiàn)出為特朗普競選總統(tǒng)站臺的意愿——通過散播即使不是有明顯失實(shí)、起碼也很可疑的消息和謠言,例如兜售關(guān)于疫情的虛假主張,并宣傳特朗普毫無根據(jù)的指控,即原本屬于他的選票以某種方式被竊取了。事實(shí)證明,“讓美國再次偉大”的口號已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好以勢不可擋的力量姿席卷整個(gè)美國了。

確實(shí),特朗普進(jìn)軍政治始終是右翼媒體機(jī)構(gòu)聲嘶力竭地在自己的回聲室里自娛自樂的產(chǎn)物。但是憑借對電視的敏銳把控和對社交媒體的精通,特朗普能夠?qū)⑵鋰抑辽现髁x和經(jīng)濟(jì)民粹主義的言論納入全國性的政治運(yùn)動。在諸如拉什·林博和肖恩·漢尼蒂這樣的保守派媒體人物

的鼓舞下,特朗普早就青出于藍(lán)而勝于藍(lán),其吸引力和利益面前罔顧真理的決絕早已超越了這些前輩——在這一過程中,保守派的政治言論甚至進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。不管有多么奇怪和在充滿事實(shí)錯(cuò)誤,總有一隊(duì)忠誠的信徒愿意跟隨他走下兔子洞,“特朗普電視臺”將順理成章地成為這位美國實(shí)際上的宣傳領(lǐng)袖的下一步計(jì)劃,而這些天??怂剐侣勆踔炼疾辉趺磮?bào)道他了。

而且,如果特朗普設(shè)法以某種方式避免了在離任后官司纏身,那么在他和他的追隨者之間的新興垂直媒體不僅可以證明特朗普的努力沒有白費(fèi),而且可以證明,這也將是他再次參與2024年總統(tǒng)競選的起點(diǎn)。盡管白宮不再擔(dān)任“特朗普的發(fā)聲平臺”這一職能,但“特朗普電視臺”將提供一個(gè)惡霸式的講壇,借助這一平臺,他可以加強(qiáng)對已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)的保守派選民的指揮,讓他們下一次繼續(xù)推薦他為首選的總統(tǒng)候選人。

保守派想要挑戰(zhàn)??怂剐侣勗趶V播電視上的優(yōu)勢可能需要付出極大的努力,但有跡象表明,默多克的傳媒帝國也有引人注目的舉動。本周,《名利場》雜志報(bào)道說,該集團(tuán)正在考慮向特朗普提供一筆1億美元的交易,以使他重新進(jìn)入媒體的視野—其中一項(xiàng)工作涉及通過該公司旗下的子公司哈珀·柯林斯出版社來出版總統(tǒng)回憶錄,并可能通過讓特朗普參加福克斯新聞臺的節(jié)目作為報(bào)酬。一位消息人士告訴該雜志稱:“默多克將開出豐厚的價(jià)碼。他們的想法是,買斷特朗普,讓他自己閉嘴。”

這種和解是否真的能達(dá)成,特朗普又是否決定親自進(jìn)軍媒體業(yè),都還有待觀察。但無論選擇哪種方式,只要特朗普采取任何進(jìn)軍媒體界的行動,都會又?jǐn)?shù)以千萬計(jì)的美國人仍將他視為政治領(lǐng)袖、將他的話視為政治真理——盡管有足夠的證據(jù)顯示出相反的狀況。特朗普帶來的這個(gè)兩極分化時(shí)代使他自己擁有了一大批忠實(shí)觀眾,坐在電視機(jī)前等待著他的一舉一動。而對媒體行業(yè)來說,幾乎沒有什么比這更有價(jià)值的東西了。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))

編譯:陳聰聰

也許特朗普永遠(yuǎn)不會公開承認(rèn)自己敗選,但當(dāng)聯(lián)邦政府總務(wù)署終于在周一通過了政權(quán)過渡的法案,將之后的總統(tǒng)行政權(quán)讓渡給拜登時(shí),他還是不得不接受在2020年大選中落敗的事實(shí)。

鑒于目前特朗普不愿將總統(tǒng)職位讓渡給拜登的“憲政危機(jī)”已經(jīng)得以解除,人們就更對特朗普的未來充滿了猜測。當(dāng)他在白宮度過了史無前例、過分張揚(yáng)的四年總統(tǒng)生涯之后,無論發(fā)生什么,都很難想象他在從總統(tǒng)席位上退休后,會安于平靜——諸如把時(shí)間花在設(shè)計(jì)總統(tǒng)圖書館上,并對繼任者的工作表現(xiàn)保持沉默。

顯而易見的是,他離任時(shí)的形象和初上任時(shí)并無不同:一個(gè)分裂的、兩極分化的人物,盡管以數(shù)百萬張選票之差輸?shù)袅舜筮x,但仍有一部分美國選民相當(dāng)堅(jiān)定地追隨著他。美國消費(fèi)者新聞與商業(yè)頻道(CNBC)與Change研究機(jī)構(gòu)于本周進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)新的民意調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),有73%的特朗普支持者很明顯地在復(fù)述著這位總統(tǒng)毫無根據(jù)的宣傳話語——相信他是2020年大選的合法獲勝者。如果特朗普決定脫離共和黨并成立自己的政黨,這些選民中有72%的人表示,他們很樂意拋棄共和黨,并跟隨他加入新成立的特朗普黨。

如果特朗普在2015年決定參選總統(tǒng)時(shí),就是為了鞏固自己的品牌并引起公眾的注意——如果他真的認(rèn)為,他長期暴露在聚光燈下的候選人身份能帶來更多的媒體機(jī)會,或至少帶火他新一季的真人秀《學(xué)徒》——那么,總的來說,整個(gè)事件就是一次巨大的成功。盡管有種種看法認(rèn)為,競選總統(tǒng)讓特朗普集團(tuán)的名譽(yù)受損,以及他為當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)的快感付出了數(shù)百萬美元的代價(jià),但當(dāng)特朗普本人即將離開白宮時(shí),仍有成千上萬的美國人愿意追隨他的每句話語、每個(gè)姿勢?!疤乩势铡背蔀榱艘粋€(gè)面向公眾的品牌,并且也許是美國政治史上最強(qiáng)大的品牌。

因此,人們越來越猜想,特朗普終將意識到,自己最初是以何種方式擔(dān)任總統(tǒng)一職的:通過自己一手打造的媒體事件,獲得了膾炙人口的品牌效應(yīng)及熱烈的追隨者。選舉剛結(jié)束,幾乎就立即出現(xiàn)了關(guān)于“特朗普電視臺”的討論,這顯然是由這位總統(tǒng)對??怂剐侣?lì)l道和(據(jù)傳)對傳媒大亨默多克的憤怒引起的——他認(rèn)為這些媒體報(bào)道保守派的聲音時(shí)有失偏頗,不愿意給他曝光率,令他很不滿。

在這一點(diǎn)上,任何人都可能會猜到那副場景會是什么模樣。根據(jù)美國新聞網(wǎng)站Axios報(bào)道,鑒于搭建一個(gè)新的有線新聞網(wǎng)絡(luò)會面臨財(cái)務(wù)和物流方面的障礙,而以訂閱用戶為基礎(chǔ)的在線流媒體頻道開始崛起——可以預(yù)見,特朗普會將這些平臺上的大量用戶視為自己競選活動的珍寶,利用其手機(jī)和電子郵件等聯(lián)系方式,把他們當(dāng)作自己的“潛在訂戶”。上周,《華爾街日報(bào)》報(bào)道說,總統(tǒng)的盟友已投資了Newsmax——一家由特朗普的親信克里斯托弗·魯?shù)线\(yùn)營的保守派網(wǎng)站和廣播網(wǎng)絡(luò),特朗普的目的是使Newsmax成為Fox News的合法挑戰(zhàn)者。(但魯?shù)蟿t否認(rèn)自己的業(yè)務(wù)中有任何此類交易)

在特朗普擔(dān)任總統(tǒng)的時(shí)代,Newsmax和右翼有線電視頻道One American News Network(OAN)的影響力都得到了大幅提高,這在很大程度上要?dú)w功于特朗普憑總統(tǒng)身份、以轉(zhuǎn)推和背書的形式與之聯(lián)合,施加了不小的影響。反過來,這些媒體也表現(xiàn)出為特朗普競選總統(tǒng)站臺的意愿——通過散播即使不是有明顯失實(shí)、起碼也很可疑的消息和謠言,例如兜售關(guān)于疫情的虛假主張,并宣傳特朗普毫無根據(jù)的指控,即原本屬于他的選票以某種方式被竊取了。事實(shí)證明,“讓美國再次偉大”的口號已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好以勢不可擋的力量姿席卷整個(gè)美國了。

確實(shí),特朗普進(jìn)軍政治始終是右翼媒體機(jī)構(gòu)聲嘶力竭地在自己的回聲室里自娛自樂的產(chǎn)物。但是憑借對電視的敏銳把控和對社交媒體的精通,特朗普能夠?qū)⑵鋰抑辽现髁x和經(jīng)濟(jì)民粹主義的言論納入全國性的政治運(yùn)動。在諸如拉什·林博和肖恩·漢尼蒂這樣的保守派媒體人物

的鼓舞下,特朗普早就青出于藍(lán)而勝于藍(lán),其吸引力和利益面前罔顧真理的決絕早已超越了這些前輩——在這一過程中,保守派的政治言論甚至進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。不管有多么奇怪和在充滿事實(shí)錯(cuò)誤,總有一隊(duì)忠誠的信徒愿意跟隨他走下兔子洞,“特朗普電視臺”將順理成章地成為這位美國實(shí)際上的宣傳領(lǐng)袖的下一步計(jì)劃,而這些天??怂剐侣勆踔炼疾辉趺磮?bào)道他了。

而且,如果特朗普設(shè)法以某種方式避免了在離任后官司纏身,那么在他和他的追隨者之間的新興垂直媒體不僅可以證明特朗普的努力沒有白費(fèi),而且可以證明,這也將是他再次參與2024年總統(tǒng)競選的起點(diǎn)。盡管白宮不再擔(dān)任“特朗普的發(fā)聲平臺”這一職能,但“特朗普電視臺”將提供一個(gè)惡霸式的講壇,借助這一平臺,他可以加強(qiáng)對已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)的保守派選民的指揮,讓他們下一次繼續(xù)推薦他為首選的總統(tǒng)候選人。

保守派想要挑戰(zhàn)??怂剐侣勗趶V播電視上的優(yōu)勢可能需要付出極大的努力,但有跡象表明,默多克的傳媒帝國也有引人注目的舉動。本周,《名利場》雜志報(bào)道說,該集團(tuán)正在考慮向特朗普提供一筆1億美元的交易,以使他重新進(jìn)入媒體的視野—其中一項(xiàng)工作涉及通過該公司旗下的子公司哈珀·柯林斯出版社來出版總統(tǒng)回憶錄,并可能通過讓特朗普參加??怂剐侣勁_的節(jié)目作為報(bào)酬。一位消息人士告訴該雜志稱:“默多克將開出豐厚的價(jià)碼。他們的想法是,買斷特朗普,讓他自己閉嘴?!?/p>

這種和解是否真的能達(dá)成,特朗普又是否決定親自進(jìn)軍媒體業(yè),都還有待觀察。但無論選擇哪種方式,只要特朗普采取任何進(jìn)軍媒體界的行動,都會又?jǐn)?shù)以千萬計(jì)的美國人仍將他視為政治領(lǐng)袖、將他的話視為政治真理——盡管有足夠的證據(jù)顯示出相反的狀況。特朗普帶來的這個(gè)兩極分化時(shí)代使他自己擁有了一大批忠實(shí)觀眾,坐在電視機(jī)前等待著他的一舉一動。而對媒體行業(yè)來說,幾乎沒有什么比這更有價(jià)值的東西了。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))

編譯:陳聰聰

Though he may never publicly admit it, Donald Trump effectively conceded the 2020 presidential election on Monday, when his federal government's General Services Administration finally signed off on the transition to President-elect Joe Biden’s incoming regime.

With a constitutional crisis, for now, averted, there is much speculation on what the future will hold for Trump. Whatever follows his remarkable, unprecedented four-year term in the White House, it’s hard to envisage him settling into a quiet post-presidency—perhaps one spent designing his presidential library and keeping quiet on his successor’s job performance.

What’s clear is that he leaves Washington much as he arrived: a divisive, polarizing figure who, despite losing a national election by millions of votes, retains a fiercely devoted following among segments of the American electorate. A new CNBC/Change Research poll this week found that 73% of Trump voters, apparently parroting the President’s baseless propaganda, believe that he was the legitimate winner of the 2020 election. Should Trump decide to break away from the Republicans and start a political party of his own, 72% of those voters said they would gladly desert the GOP and follow him to a fledgling Trump Party.

If Trump really did run for president in 2015 primarily to bolster his brand and generate publicity—if he truly did think his long-shot candidacy would, if nothing else, lead to future media opportunities, or at the very least provide the upcoming season of The Apprentice with a ratings bump—then, all in all, the entire affair was a raging, unmitigated success. For all the talk of the Trump Organization’s sullied reputation and the millions of dollars in revenue lost as a result of Trump’s presidential joyride, the man himself will leave the White House with a built-in audience of tens of millions of Americans willing to hang on his every word and posture. As a public-facing brand, Trump’s is perhaps the most formidable in the history of American politics.

As such, there’s been heightened conjecture that Trump will finally realize what his presidency may have always been about in the first place: capitalizing on his burnished brand, and its fervent following, via a media venture of his own. Talk of “Trump TV” sprang up almost immediately after the election, apparently fueled by the President’s fury at Fox News Channel—and, reportedly, News Corp baron Rupert Murdoch—over the conservative network’s coverage of the race.

What that venture could look like is anybody’s guess at this point. Given the financial and logistical barriers to launching a cable news network from the ground up, a subscription-based online streaming channel has been floated—one that could see Trump parlay his campaign’s enviable troves of cell phone and email contact information into a database of would-be subscribers, according to Axios. And last week, the Wall Street Journal reported that allies of the President have explored an investment into Newsmax, the conservative website and broadcast network run by Trump confidant Christopher Ruddy, with the aim of building Newsmax into a legitimate challenger to Fox News. (Ruddy, for his part, has denied there being any such deal in the works.)

Both Newsmax and fellow right-wing cable channel One American News Network (OAN) have grown their reach substantially during the Trump era, thanks in no small part to co-signs from the President in the form of retweets and endorsements. In turn, they’ve displayed a willingness to do his bidding by disseminating talking points that are factually dubious at best and misinformation at worst—such as peddling spurious claims about COVID-19 and promoting Trump’s baseless allegations that the election was somehow stolen from him. It is content that “MAGA Nation” has proven all too ready to gobble up.

Indeed, Trump’s foray into politics was always a product of the sprawling, reactionary echo chamber that is the right-wing media apparatus. With his keen grasp of television and his mastery of social media, Trump was able to parlay his rhetoric of nativism and economic populism into a national political movement. Spurred on by conservative media figureheads like Rush Limbaugh and Sean Hannity, he has long since surpassed them in both his gravitational pull and tenuous relationship to the truth—driving conservative political discourse even further to the fringe in the process. With an army of devotees willing to follow him down any rabbit hole, no matter how bizarre and factually challenged, “Trump TV” would be the logical next step for America’s propagandist-in-chief, a man for whom even Fox News isn’t cutting it these days.

And should Trump somehow manage to avoid the myriad legal storm clouds looming on his post-presidential horizon, an upstart media vertical could not only prove a profitable endeavor, but also a launching point for yet another run for the White House in 2024. Deprived of the platform afforded to him by the White House, “Trump TV” would provide a bully pulpit from which he could strengthen his command of a conservative electorate that already appears to favor him as its preferred candidate the next time around.

While it would take some feat to challenge Fox News’ dominance of the conservative airwaves, there are signs that the Murdoch empire is taking notice. This week, Vanity Fair reported that News Corp is considering offering Trump a $100 million deal to bring him back into the fold—one that would involve publishing his presidential memoir through its HarperCollins subsidiary, and potentially rewarding him with his very own show on Fox News. “Rupert is going to make a humongous offer,” a source told the publication. “The thinking is, Let’s buy Trump off so he shuts the f— up.”

It remains to be seen whether such a reconciliation truly is in the cards, or if Trump decides to strike out on his own. Whatever path he chooses, any foray Trump takes into the media world will certainly be followed by the tens of millions of Americans who still look to him as their political truth-teller, despite ample evidence to the contrary. The era of hyper-polarization that he ushered in has equipped Trump with an enormous audience eager to tune in to what he’s pitching. In the media business, there are few things as valuable.

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