星巴克(Starbucks)的現(xiàn)任首席執(zhí)行官凱文·約翰遜將于今年4月4日正式退休。不過(guò)令人意外的是,他的前任霍華德·舒爾茨將再度出山,第三次出任星巴克的首席執(zhí)行官。
星巴克的董事長(zhǎng)梅洛迪·霍布森強(qiáng)調(diào),舒爾茨的此次回歸只是暫時(shí)的,到了今年秋天,星巴克將指定一名新人接班。但是不管怎樣,這樣的過(guò)渡安排都顯得十分奇怪。大多數(shù)擁有星巴克這樣的規(guī)模和地位的公司都會(huì)早早地指定接班人,而約翰遜早在2021年就向董事會(huì)報(bào)告了他的退休打算。
霍布森在接受美國(guó)消費(fèi)者新聞與商業(yè)頻道(CNBC)采訪時(shí)坦承,起初公司并沒有讓舒爾茨出山的打算。她說(shuō):“這是最近才決定的事情?!绷硗猓前涂艘呀?jīng)聘請(qǐng)了羅盛咨詢公司來(lái)尋找合適的新人,但霍布森并未透露物色新人的過(guò)程是何時(shí)開始的。
臨時(shí)首席執(zhí)行官這種做法并不稀奇,不過(guò)哈佛法學(xué)院企業(yè)治理論壇的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)的公司中使用臨時(shí)首席執(zhí)行官的比例,從2019年的15%下降至2020年的7%,下降了一半多。
霍布森稱:“我可以告訴你,我們是不會(huì)通過(guò)視頻面試的方法來(lái)招聘首席執(zhí)行官的?!边@可能也是星巴克選擇讓舒爾茨臨時(shí)頂替的原因。自新冠疫情爆發(fā)以來(lái),美國(guó)各地也經(jīng)歷了一年左右的封控,企業(yè)很難召開線下會(huì)議。但是自從2021年年中開始,美國(guó)的疫苗陸續(xù)到位,線下的人員活動(dòng)也逐漸恢復(fù)。很多公司都在新冠疫情期間任命了新的首席執(zhí)行官——比如2021年的亞馬遜。
作為一個(gè)業(yè)績(jī)突出的全球知名品牌,星巴克要找到一位合適的新任首席執(zhí)行官可能并非易事。在約翰遜執(zhí)政期間,星巴克的股價(jià)上漲了50%以上,而且在《財(cái)富》雜志最近發(fā)布的“最受贊賞的公司”排行榜上名列第8位。但與此同時(shí),星巴克內(nèi)部工會(huì)化的力量日益強(qiáng)大,如何平衡工會(huì)與股東的壓力,這將是擺在新任首席執(zhí)行官面前的一道難題?;舨妓挂蚕蛎绹?guó)消費(fèi)者新聞與商業(yè)頻道坦承,公司曾經(jīng)在解決員工關(guān)注的問(wèn)題方面“犯過(guò)一些獵誤”。
接班人不好找
星巴克的接班人計(jì)劃遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)談不上完美,而且甚至有些奇怪,讓一些商業(yè)戰(zhàn)略家深感費(fèi)解——董事會(huì)為什么不提前物色好一位正式首席執(zhí)行官呢?
自由職業(yè)咨詢公司Catalant的首席執(zhí)行官帕特·佩蒂蒂對(duì)《財(cái)富》雜志表示:“星巴克董事會(huì)本來(lái)有一年左右的時(shí)間來(lái)物色合適的人選。這個(gè)問(wèn)題表明,要么是公司的戰(zhàn)略和前進(jìn)重點(diǎn)不夠清晰,要么就是董事會(huì)層面對(duì)下一個(gè)時(shí)代的首席執(zhí)行官應(yīng)該具備哪些品質(zhì)沒有達(dá)成共識(shí)?!?/p>
星巴克認(rèn)為,公司的下一個(gè)時(shí)代應(yīng)該是一個(gè)高速增長(zhǎng)的時(shí)代,公司計(jì)劃到2030年使全球門店達(dá)到55000家。這樣看來(lái),星巴克下一任首席執(zhí)行官的待遇應(yīng)該是非常誘人的——畢竟從2020年到2021年,短短一年時(shí)間,約翰遜的薪水就從1467萬(wàn)美元提高到了2043萬(wàn)美元,漲薪幅度接近40%。但越是如此,星巴克的接班人計(jì)劃就顯得越是草率。
SOC投資集團(tuán)的常務(wù)董事迪特爾·魏策內(nèi)格認(rèn)為:“考慮到星巴克的前運(yùn)營(yíng)總監(jiān)羅莎琳德·布魯爾的辭職,以及公司去年提出的高額薪酬計(jì)劃,星巴克董事會(huì)顯然并不希望讓舒爾茨返回星巴克,開啟他的第三個(gè)任期。”
SOC投資集團(tuán)也是敦促星巴克改變其反工會(huì)戰(zhàn)略的股東團(tuán)體之一。魏策內(nèi)格還指出,星巴克近期的做法表明,“董事會(huì)的接班人計(jì)劃進(jìn)展得并不像他們希望的那樣順利?!?/p>
面對(duì)我們的采訪請(qǐng)求,星巴克表示拒絕評(píng)論公司過(guò)渡期的時(shí)間表問(wèn)題,以及關(guān)于舒爾茨的回歸決定問(wèn)題。
不同尋常的換屆背景
從某種程度上看,不單是星巴克,現(xiàn)在任何一家公司想找一位合適的首席執(zhí)行官,都要比前幾年困難得多。首先是商業(yè)環(huán)境在過(guò)去兩年里發(fā)生了劇烈變化,一位高效首席執(zhí)行官所需要的技能也同樣發(fā)生了變化。今天的首席執(zhí)行官不僅面臨著新的監(jiān)管環(huán)境,也要面對(duì)勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)、消費(fèi)者和股東需求的迅速變化。
盡管舒爾茨的第一個(gè)任期是相當(dāng)成功的,公司在他的帶領(lǐng)下經(jīng)歷了一段飛速擴(kuò)張期,而且他在第二個(gè)任期內(nèi)又帶領(lǐng)公司走出了2008年的經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī),但眼下的環(huán)境對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)也依然充滿挑戰(zhàn)。
魏策內(nèi)格指出:“現(xiàn)在的星巴克與兩年前相比,已經(jīng)是一家非常不同的公司了,更不用說(shuō)約翰遜掌舵的時(shí)候。而且眼下正是工會(huì)運(yùn)動(dòng)風(fēng)生水起的時(shí)期,下一代的消費(fèi)者也強(qiáng)烈要求企業(yè)尊重工人權(quán)益,所以董事會(huì)必須決定,公司是不是承受得起激怒工人的代價(jià)。否則就應(yīng)該順勢(shì)而為,打造一家‘以人為本’的公司?!?/p>
FTI咨詢公司的美國(guó)企業(yè)聲譽(yù)業(yè)務(wù)負(fù)責(zé)人克里斯蒂娜·迪巴托洛認(rèn)為,當(dāng)今時(shí)代的投資者想了解的是“企業(yè)在一系列問(wèn)題上的表現(xiàn),而不僅是財(cái)務(wù)業(yè)績(jī)?!爆F(xiàn)在各大企業(yè)都在想方設(shè)法留住員工,而星巴克的下任首席執(zhí)行官也必須認(rèn)識(shí)到這個(gè)問(wèn)題的重要性,并且圍繞新一代員工的需求做出積極調(diào)整?!靶乱淮膯T工非常關(guān)注社會(huì)問(wèn)題,而且他們有了更多的就業(yè)選擇,他們不會(huì)為一家他們認(rèn)為沒有為社會(huì)做好事的公司工作?!?/p>
從這個(gè)角度看,或許也能夠解釋星巴克為什么會(huì)讓舒爾茨回來(lái)接手。舒爾茨是《福布斯》美國(guó)最富有的人排行榜上排在第212位的億萬(wàn)富翁。在他當(dāng)政期間,星巴克曾經(jīng)被譽(yù)為一家最適合兼職的公司。
位于美國(guó)紐約州布法羅的某星巴克門店的一名員工對(duì)《華爾街日?qǐng)?bào)》說(shuō):“舒爾茨似乎更關(guān)心星巴克所謂的‘人與人的聯(lián)系’?!倍罱粚妙I(lǐng)導(dǎo)層在與門店員工的互動(dòng)中,則顯得過(guò)于關(guān)注業(yè)績(jī)指標(biāo)和運(yùn)營(yíng)效率。
未來(lái)之路
目前,星巴克的工會(huì)化運(yùn)動(dòng)已經(jīng)蔓延到了26個(gè)州的100多個(gè)門店。作為星巴克的執(zhí)行董事長(zhǎng),舒爾茨也一直在參與這個(gè)問(wèn)題,希望尋找一個(gè)不需要組建工會(huì)的解決方案。2021年11月,在布法羅的三家星巴克門店發(fā)起首次工會(huì)投票前,舒爾茨曾經(jīng)親自到布法羅向工人發(fā)表講話,有些人認(rèn)為舒爾茨這是在試圖扼殺工會(huì)運(yùn)動(dòng)。
不過(guò),Catalant公司的首席執(zhí)行官帕特·佩蒂蒂認(rèn)為,舒爾茨在星巴克內(nèi)部仍然擁有廣泛的支持基礎(chǔ),因?yàn)槭撬皇謱⑿前涂藦囊患疑胁怀墒斓墓揪喸斐蔀橐粋€(gè)全球性巨頭?!暗钦?qǐng)一位前任領(lǐng)導(dǎo)回來(lái)主持工作,而且大家預(yù)期他不會(huì)在這個(gè)位子上待太久,這對(duì)一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)巨大的打擊?!?/p>
要找一位既有能力和意愿處理工會(huì)問(wèn)題,又有魄力對(duì)星巴克這樣一家大企業(yè)實(shí)施大刀闊斧的改革的首席執(zhí)行官,顯然不是一件容易的事情。星巴克可能需要多花費(fèi)一些時(shí)間來(lái)尋找一位合適的繼任者。
消費(fèi)者體驗(yàn)咨詢公司Brooks Bell的戰(zhàn)略咨詢與解決方案總監(jiān)丹·羅曼諾稱:“在決定何時(shí)和由誰(shuí)來(lái)取代舒爾茨的問(wèn)題上,星巴克員工的工會(huì)化運(yùn)動(dòng)必將成為一個(gè)重要的考量因素?!?/p>
舒爾茨重新入主星巴克之際,恰逢全美近140家星巴克門店已經(jīng)注冊(cè)申報(bào)了工會(huì)選舉之時(shí)。同時(shí),星巴克還面臨著非法打壓工會(huì)的指控。
羅曼諾說(shuō):“面對(duì)近幾年不斷變化的勞工環(huán)境,作為一位過(guò)渡時(shí)期的首席執(zhí)行官,舒爾茨能否在勞工問(wèn)題上展現(xiàn)同理心,將決定公司能否延續(xù)積極的增長(zhǎng)勢(shì)頭。如果處理不當(dāng),星巴克很可能就將陷入一場(chǎng)長(zhǎng)達(dá)數(shù)年的勞資戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)——而只有極少數(shù)行業(yè)領(lǐng)袖可以成功解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題?!?/p>
到目前為止,星巴克物色新任首席執(zhí)行官的工作仍在繼續(xù)。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:樸成奎
星巴克(Starbucks)的現(xiàn)任首席執(zhí)行官凱文·約翰遜將于今年4月4日正式退休。不過(guò)令人意外的是,他的前任霍華德·舒爾茨將再度出山,第三次出任星巴克的首席執(zhí)行官。
星巴克的董事長(zhǎng)梅洛迪·霍布森強(qiáng)調(diào),舒爾茨的此次回歸只是暫時(shí)的,到了今年秋天,星巴克將指定一名新人接班。但是不管怎樣,這樣的過(guò)渡安排都顯得十分奇怪。大多數(shù)擁有星巴克這樣的規(guī)模和地位的公司都會(huì)早早地指定接班人,而約翰遜早在2021年就向董事會(huì)報(bào)告了他的退休打算。
霍布森在接受美國(guó)消費(fèi)者新聞與商業(yè)頻道(CNBC)采訪時(shí)坦承,起初公司并沒有讓舒爾茨出山的打算。她說(shuō):“這是最近才決定的事情。”另外,星巴克已經(jīng)聘請(qǐng)了羅盛咨詢公司來(lái)尋找合適的新人,但霍布森并未透露物色新人的過(guò)程是何時(shí)開始的。
臨時(shí)首席執(zhí)行官這種做法并不稀奇,不過(guò)哈佛法學(xué)院企業(yè)治理論壇的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)的公司中使用臨時(shí)首席執(zhí)行官的比例,從2019年的15%下降至2020年的7%,下降了一半多。
霍布森稱:“我可以告訴你,我們是不會(huì)通過(guò)視頻面試的方法來(lái)招聘首席執(zhí)行官的?!边@可能也是星巴克選擇讓舒爾茨臨時(shí)頂替的原因。自新冠疫情爆發(fā)以來(lái),美國(guó)各地也經(jīng)歷了一年左右的封控,企業(yè)很難召開線下會(huì)議。但是自從2021年年中開始,美國(guó)的疫苗陸續(xù)到位,線下的人員活動(dòng)也逐漸恢復(fù)。很多公司都在新冠疫情期間任命了新的首席執(zhí)行官——比如2021年的亞馬遜。
作為一個(gè)業(yè)績(jī)突出的全球知名品牌,星巴克要找到一位合適的新任首席執(zhí)行官可能并非易事。在約翰遜執(zhí)政期間,星巴克的股價(jià)上漲了50%以上,而且在《財(cái)富》雜志最近發(fā)布的“最受贊賞的公司”排行榜上名列第8位。但與此同時(shí),星巴克內(nèi)部工會(huì)化的力量日益強(qiáng)大,如何平衡工會(huì)與股東的壓力,這將是擺在新任首席執(zhí)行官面前的一道難題?;舨妓挂蚕蛎绹?guó)消費(fèi)者新聞與商業(yè)頻道坦承,公司曾經(jīng)在解決員工關(guān)注的問(wèn)題方面“犯過(guò)一些獵誤”。
接班人不好找
星巴克的接班人計(jì)劃遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)談不上完美,而且甚至有些奇怪,讓一些商業(yè)戰(zhàn)略家深感費(fèi)解——董事會(huì)為什么不提前物色好一位正式首席執(zhí)行官呢?
自由職業(yè)咨詢公司Catalant的首席執(zhí)行官帕特·佩蒂蒂對(duì)《財(cái)富》雜志表示:“星巴克董事會(huì)本來(lái)有一年左右的時(shí)間來(lái)物色合適的人選。這個(gè)問(wèn)題表明,要么是公司的戰(zhàn)略和前進(jìn)重點(diǎn)不夠清晰,要么就是董事會(huì)層面對(duì)下一個(gè)時(shí)代的首席執(zhí)行官應(yīng)該具備哪些品質(zhì)沒有達(dá)成共識(shí)?!?/p>
星巴克認(rèn)為,公司的下一個(gè)時(shí)代應(yīng)該是一個(gè)高速增長(zhǎng)的時(shí)代,公司計(jì)劃到2030年使全球門店達(dá)到55000家。這樣看來(lái),星巴克下一任首席執(zhí)行官的待遇應(yīng)該是非常誘人的——畢竟從2020年到2021年,短短一年時(shí)間,約翰遜的薪水就從1467萬(wàn)美元提高到了2043萬(wàn)美元,漲薪幅度接近40%。但越是如此,星巴克的接班人計(jì)劃就顯得越是草率。
SOC投資集團(tuán)的常務(wù)董事迪特爾·魏策內(nèi)格認(rèn)為:“考慮到星巴克的前運(yùn)營(yíng)總監(jiān)羅莎琳德·布魯爾的辭職,以及公司去年提出的高額薪酬計(jì)劃,星巴克董事會(huì)顯然并不希望讓舒爾茨返回星巴克,開啟他的第三個(gè)任期?!?/p>
SOC投資集團(tuán)也是敦促星巴克改變其反工會(huì)戰(zhàn)略的股東團(tuán)體之一。魏策內(nèi)格還指出,星巴克近期的做法表明,“董事會(huì)的接班人計(jì)劃進(jìn)展得并不像他們希望的那樣順利?!?/p>
面對(duì)我們的采訪請(qǐng)求,星巴克表示拒絕評(píng)論公司過(guò)渡期的時(shí)間表問(wèn)題,以及關(guān)于舒爾茨的回歸決定問(wèn)題。
不同尋常的換屆背景
從某種程度上看,不單是星巴克,現(xiàn)在任何一家公司想找一位合適的首席執(zhí)行官,都要比前幾年困難得多。首先是商業(yè)環(huán)境在過(guò)去兩年里發(fā)生了劇烈變化,一位高效首席執(zhí)行官所需要的技能也同樣發(fā)生了變化。今天的首席執(zhí)行官不僅面臨著新的監(jiān)管環(huán)境,也要面對(duì)勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)、消費(fèi)者和股東需求的迅速變化。
盡管舒爾茨的第一個(gè)任期是相當(dāng)成功的,公司在他的帶領(lǐng)下經(jīng)歷了一段飛速擴(kuò)張期,而且他在第二個(gè)任期內(nèi)又帶領(lǐng)公司走出了2008年的經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī),但眼下的環(huán)境對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)也依然充滿挑戰(zhàn)。
魏策內(nèi)格指出:“現(xiàn)在的星巴克與兩年前相比,已經(jīng)是一家非常不同的公司了,更不用說(shuō)約翰遜掌舵的時(shí)候。而且眼下正是工會(huì)運(yùn)動(dòng)風(fēng)生水起的時(shí)期,下一代的消費(fèi)者也強(qiáng)烈要求企業(yè)尊重工人權(quán)益,所以董事會(huì)必須決定,公司是不是承受得起激怒工人的代價(jià)。否則就應(yīng)該順勢(shì)而為,打造一家‘以人為本’的公司。”
FTI咨詢公司的美國(guó)企業(yè)聲譽(yù)業(yè)務(wù)負(fù)責(zé)人克里斯蒂娜·迪巴托洛認(rèn)為,當(dāng)今時(shí)代的投資者想了解的是“企業(yè)在一系列問(wèn)題上的表現(xiàn),而不僅是財(cái)務(wù)業(yè)績(jī)?!爆F(xiàn)在各大企業(yè)都在想方設(shè)法留住員工,而星巴克的下任首席執(zhí)行官也必須認(rèn)識(shí)到這個(gè)問(wèn)題的重要性,并且圍繞新一代員工的需求做出積極調(diào)整。“新一代的員工非常關(guān)注社會(huì)問(wèn)題,而且他們有了更多的就業(yè)選擇,他們不會(huì)為一家他們認(rèn)為沒有為社會(huì)做好事的公司工作?!?/p>
從這個(gè)角度看,或許也能夠解釋星巴克為什么會(huì)讓舒爾茨回來(lái)接手。舒爾茨是《福布斯》美國(guó)最富有的人排行榜上排在第212位的億萬(wàn)富翁。在他當(dāng)政期間,星巴克曾經(jīng)被譽(yù)為一家最適合兼職的公司。
位于美國(guó)紐約州布法羅的某星巴克門店的一名員工對(duì)《華爾街日?qǐng)?bào)》說(shuō):“舒爾茨似乎更關(guān)心星巴克所謂的‘人與人的聯(lián)系’?!倍罱粚妙I(lǐng)導(dǎo)層在與門店員工的互動(dòng)中,則顯得過(guò)于關(guān)注業(yè)績(jī)指標(biāo)和運(yùn)營(yíng)效率。
未來(lái)之路
目前,星巴克的工會(huì)化運(yùn)動(dòng)已經(jīng)蔓延到了26個(gè)州的100多個(gè)門店。作為星巴克的執(zhí)行董事長(zhǎng),舒爾茨也一直在參與這個(gè)問(wèn)題,希望尋找一個(gè)不需要組建工會(huì)的解決方案。2021年11月,在布法羅的三家星巴克門店發(fā)起首次工會(huì)投票前,舒爾茨曾經(jīng)親自到布法羅向工人發(fā)表講話,有些人認(rèn)為舒爾茨這是在試圖扼殺工會(huì)運(yùn)動(dòng)。
不過(guò),Catalant公司的首席執(zhí)行官帕特·佩蒂蒂認(rèn)為,舒爾茨在星巴克內(nèi)部仍然擁有廣泛的支持基礎(chǔ),因?yàn)槭撬皇謱⑿前涂藦囊患疑胁怀墒斓墓揪喸斐蔀橐粋€(gè)全球性巨頭?!暗钦?qǐng)一位前任領(lǐng)導(dǎo)回來(lái)主持工作,而且大家預(yù)期他不會(huì)在這個(gè)位子上待太久,這對(duì)一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)巨大的打擊?!?/p>
要找一位既有能力和意愿處理工會(huì)問(wèn)題,又有魄力對(duì)星巴克這樣一家大企業(yè)實(shí)施大刀闊斧的改革的首席執(zhí)行官,顯然不是一件容易的事情。星巴克可能需要多花費(fèi)一些時(shí)間來(lái)尋找一位合適的繼任者。
消費(fèi)者體驗(yàn)咨詢公司Brooks Bell的戰(zhàn)略咨詢與解決方案總監(jiān)丹·羅曼諾稱:“在決定何時(shí)和由誰(shuí)來(lái)取代舒爾茨的問(wèn)題上,星巴克員工的工會(huì)化運(yùn)動(dòng)必將成為一個(gè)重要的考量因素。”
舒爾茨重新入主星巴克之際,恰逢全美近140家星巴克門店已經(jīng)注冊(cè)申報(bào)了工會(huì)選舉之時(shí)。同時(shí),星巴克還面臨著非法打壓工會(huì)的指控。
羅曼諾說(shuō):“面對(duì)近幾年不斷變化的勞工環(huán)境,作為一位過(guò)渡時(shí)期的首席執(zhí)行官,舒爾茨能否在勞工問(wèn)題上展現(xiàn)同理心,將決定公司能否延續(xù)積極的增長(zhǎng)勢(shì)頭。如果處理不當(dāng),星巴克很可能就將陷入一場(chǎng)長(zhǎng)達(dá)數(shù)年的勞資戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)——而只有極少數(shù)行業(yè)領(lǐng)袖可以成功解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題?!?/p>
到目前為止,星巴克物色新任首席執(zhí)行官的工作仍在繼續(xù)。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:樸成奎
Starbucks CEO Kevin Johnson is retiring, effective April 4, and in a surprising move, the coffee giant’s former owner Howard Schultz will return for a third stint as CEO.
Mellody Hobson, Starbucks’ chairwoman, has stressed that Schultz’s return is temporary—with a replacement to be named by the fall—but the transition plan or lack thereof rings odd. Most companies of Starbucks’ size and stature have a successor ready prior to the CEO's departure, and Johnson informed the board last year of his intent to retire.
Hobson acknowledged in a CNBC interview that Schultz was not expected to replace the outgoing CEO at the time. “It was recent,” she said, adding that the company has engaged Russell Reynolds Associates in the CEO search, without specifying when the search began.
The use of temporary CEOs is not new, but research from the Harvard Law School Forum on Corporate Governance found the share of interim CEOs in the S&P 500 has more than halved, from 15% in 2019 to 7% in 2020.
“We’re not gonna hire a CEO over Zoom, I can tell you that,” Hobson noted, as a possible reason for the interim placement of Schultz. While the COVID-19 lockdown prevented in-person meetings for about a year, the vaccine's mid-2021 arrival has since spurred a return to in-person activity, and many companies have tapped new CEOs during the pandemic—most famously Amazon last year.
Starbucks' CEO search will likely be more challenging than normal for a high-performing company with a well respected brand. The company's share price grew more than 50% during Johnson’s tenure and it ranks No. 8 in Fortune’s recent list of Most Admired Companies. But its new CEO will have to contend with a growing unionization drive and a shareholder push to change how it approaches those efforts. Hobson conceded to CNBC that the company had “made some mistakes” in addressing workers’ concerns.
Trouble finding a successor
Stabucks' succession plan is far from ideal, and certainly peculiar, leaving some business strategists scratching their heads as to why the board didn’t have a permanent CEO at the ready.
“Starbucks' board presumably had a year to find Johnson's successor and they weren't able to find the right person,” Pat Petitti, CEO of the freelance consulting firm Catalant, tells Fortune. “This points either to a lack of clarity on the strategy and go-forward focus of the company, or a lack of alignment at the board level on the attributes of the ideal CEO for the company's next era.”
That next era includes hyper-growth, with an expansion plan to reach 55,000 stores globally by 2030. In light of this, and what will likely be a lofty pay package–after all, Johnson saw his overall compensation grow almost 40% from $14.67 million in 2020 to $20.43 million in 2021–Starbucks’ CEO search seems hurried.
“Given the additional context of former COO Rosalind Brewer’s departure and the generous executive compensation plans proposed last year, it certainly seems like the board was not planning to bring Mr. Schultz back for his third term at Starbucks,” says Dieter Waizenegger, executive director of SOC Investment Group.
Waizenegger, whose firm is one of the shareholder groups urging Starbucks to reverse course on its anti-union strategy, says the company's actions signal that "the board is not as far along with the succession plan as they hoped to be.”
When reached for comment, Starbucks declined to further discuss the timeline of the transition and decision to bring Schultz back.
Unusual context for a CEO transition
To some extent, any CEO search today will be far more complex than in years past. The business environment has changed dramatically over the past two years, as have the skills needed to be an effective CEO. Today’s CEOs are bombarded with new regulations and rapidly shifting demands from the labor market, consumers, and shareholders.
Even Schultz, who oversaw a period of expansive growth in his first stint as CEO and later guided the company out of the 2008 recession in his second, may find the current environment to be challenging despite his history of operational success.
“[Starbucks] is a very different company today than it was two years ago, let alone when Mr. Johnson took the helm,” Waizenegger says. “At a moment when unions are historically popular and the next generation of consumers has a strong desire to support corporations where workers are respected, the board needs to decide if the company can afford to antagonize its workers, or if it will meet the moment and burnish its reputation as a ‘people positive’ company.”
Investors today want to know “how companies are performing on a range of issues, not just financials,” says Christine DiBartolo, the Americas lead for corporate reputation practice at FTI Consulting. At a time when companies are struggling to retain employees, Starbucks’ incoming CEO will have to understand and adapt to the workforce demands of the future. “We now have a new generation of employees who cares deeply about [social] issues, has employment choices, and won't work for a company they don't think is doing good,” DiBartolo says.
This reasoning may, partly, explain Schultz’s return to the coffee retailer. The billionaire, ranked No. 212 on Forbes’ list of America’s wealthiest people, is credited with developing Starbucks’ reputation as a great place to work for part-time employees.
An employee at a Buffalo, New York store that voted to unionize told the Wall Street Journal it seemed that “Howard was more concerned about the personal connection that Starbucks talks about,” whereas more recent corporate leadership was overly focused on financial measures and operational efficiency in interactions with store workers.
The path ahead
Starbucks’ unionization drive has now spread to more than 100 stores across 26 states, and as executive chairman, Schultz has been involved in the company’s efforts to find a solution that doesn’t involve forming a union. In November of last year, he traveled to Buffalo to address workers ahead of the first union votes at three stores in the area, which some viewed as an attempt to snuff out the campaign.
Still, Schultz seems to have a wide base of support within Starbucks, Petitti says, because he grew it from relative infancy into a global behemoth. “But introducing a former leader back into an organization while anticipating that this change will be short-lived is a tremendous amount of whiplash for a team to handle."
Finding a CEO who is both willing and able to handle the growing union drive, and has the operational chops to run a company of Starbucks’ size and scope is a fairly narrow target to hit. The company may need more than a few months to lock up the right successor.
“The growing unionization movement within the ranks of Starbucks' employees has to be an enormous consideration for who, how and when they bring in their next CEO to replace Schultz,” says Dan Romanow, director of strategic consulting and solutions at Brooks Bell, a consumer experience consultancy.
Schultz is re-entering the corner office at a time when nearly 140 stores have filed for NLRB elections. The company is also facing accusations of illegal moves in union opposition.
“How he demonstrates empathy for the shifting labor environment of the past few years will either set a replacement CEO up to sustain positive momentum and collaboration, or will entrench Starbucks in a years-long battle that the company hasn’t faced in its history— and one of which few industry leaders would be positioned to do successfully,” Romanow says.
For now, the search continues.