在所有關(guān)于辦公室午餐的費用、睡眠不足和通勤的艱辛的討論中,許多人已經(jīng)忘記了抵制重返辦公室辦公的最初原因:擔(dān)心感染新冠病毒。
WFH Research負責(zé)人尼古拉斯·布魯姆(Nicholas Bloom)、何塞·瑪麗亞·巴雷羅(Jose Maria Barrero)和史蒂文·戴維斯(Steven Davis)在美國國家經(jīng)濟研究局(National Bureau of Economic Research)發(fā)表的一篇新論文中指出,自大流行席卷全球近三年來,對不斷演變的變體和超級傳播者事件的擔(dān)憂已使約300萬人失業(yè)。僅在今年上半年,這一勞動力缺口就使美國的經(jīng)濟產(chǎn)出減少了2500億美元。
在2022年2月至7月期間,研究人員進行的工作安排和態(tài)度調(diào)查(SWAA)中有55%的受訪者表示,他們不會回歸新冠疫情前的活動,如在室內(nèi)用餐或乘坐擁擠的公共汽車或火車,因此他們將遠離工作崗位。研究人員將這種行為描述為“長期社交隔離”,是大流行早期習(xí)慣的延伸。
巴雷羅、布魯姆和戴維斯寫道:“謹慎的人或有潛在健康狀況的人,他們因新冠肺炎疫情而面臨死亡或患嚴重疾病的風(fēng)險更高,因此可以找到合理的、情有可原的理由繼續(xù)甚至加強他們的社交隔離做法?!彼麄冄a充說,長期社交隔離的影響可能會持續(xù)數(shù)月甚至數(shù)年。
他們引用了2020年一項關(guān)于新冠肺炎疫情風(fēng)險認知的調(diào)查,該調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),個人有感染經(jīng)歷或是朋友和家人有感染經(jīng)歷使人們更擔(dān)心新冠肺炎疫情的高風(fēng)險。為此,常見的現(xiàn)象是那些見識過新冠肺炎有多危險的人,會有“預(yù)防性健康行為”,比如進行社交隔離和戴口罩。
他們發(fā)現(xiàn),年齡較大、收入較低、受正規(guī)教育最少的女性是最有可能進行長期社交隔離的群體,尤其是在遠程工作機會較少的地區(qū)。
眾所周知,擁有大學(xué)學(xué)位的人更有可能從事適合遠程辦公的工作,而不是那些需要面對面接觸的工作?!耙虼?,受過高等教育的人更容易在保持就業(yè)的同時實行完全或有限的社交隔離?!痹撜撐谋硎尽!按送?,由于收入較高,受過良好教育的人可以更容易地避免與他人頻繁接觸的通勤模式?!?/p>
對新冠肺炎疫情保持警惕的人來說,這不是一個好時機
雖然這篇論文重點關(guān)注的是那些失業(yè)的人,但對新冠肺炎疫情的擔(dān)憂可能也解釋了為什么一些員工堅持繼續(xù)居家辦公。
據(jù)報道,最新的新冠病毒變體能夠逃避針對早期毒株研發(fā)的疫苗,而且很少有人接種最新的加強針。在社會層面上,許多工作場所完全取消了針對疫情的限制措施,大多數(shù)主要城市取消了口罩令甚至接種疫苗要求。
自勞動節(jié)以來,高盛公司(Goldman Sachs)的員工就被允許進入辦公室,無論員工是否接種疫苗,也不要求員工進行核酸檢測或戴口罩。"現(xiàn)在有許多手段,包括接種疫苗、不斷完善的治療方法和測試,罹患嚴重疾病的風(fēng)險大大降低。"這家著名的支持重返辦公室辦公的銀行在一份內(nèi)部備忘錄中表示。
這使得免疫力低下或?qū)π鹿诜窝滓咔樘貏e慎重的員工更難在沒有風(fēng)險的情況下通勤上班和參加個人會議。
人力資源管理協(xié)會(Society For human resources Management)的首席人力資源官吉姆?林克(Jim Link)鼓勵處于這種情況的員工與雇主開誠布公地就期望和舒適程度進行溝通。
林克在接受《財富》雜志采訪時表示:“這種反反復(fù)復(fù)的溝通真正打開了思路,試圖為公司文化、需要完成的工作、企業(yè)成功以及員工的需求、愿望和能力做出最佳決策。我們相信,這種討論和對話將為公司和員工帶來最好的結(jié)果。”(財富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:中慧言-王芳
在所有關(guān)于辦公室午餐的費用、睡眠不足和通勤的艱辛的討論中,許多人已經(jīng)忘記了抵制重返辦公室辦公的最初原因:擔(dān)心感染新冠病毒。
WFH Research負責(zé)人尼古拉斯·布魯姆(Nicholas Bloom)、何塞·瑪麗亞·巴雷羅(Jose Maria Barrero)和史蒂文·戴維斯(Steven Davis)在美國國家經(jīng)濟研究局(National Bureau of Economic Research)發(fā)表的一篇新論文中指出,自大流行席卷全球近三年來,對不斷演變的變體和超級傳播者事件的擔(dān)憂已使約300萬人失業(yè)。僅在今年上半年,這一勞動力缺口就使美國的經(jīng)濟產(chǎn)出減少了2500億美元。
在2022年2月至7月期間,研究人員進行的工作安排和態(tài)度調(diào)查(SWAA)中有55%的受訪者表示,他們不會回歸新冠疫情前的活動,如在室內(nèi)用餐或乘坐擁擠的公共汽車或火車,因此他們將遠離工作崗位。研究人員將這種行為描述為“長期社交隔離”,是大流行早期習(xí)慣的延伸。
巴雷羅、布魯姆和戴維斯寫道:“謹慎的人或有潛在健康狀況的人,他們因新冠肺炎疫情而面臨死亡或患嚴重疾病的風(fēng)險更高,因此可以找到合理的、情有可原的理由繼續(xù)甚至加強他們的社交隔離做法。”他們補充說,長期社交隔離的影響可能會持續(xù)數(shù)月甚至數(shù)年。
他們引用了2020年一項關(guān)于新冠肺炎疫情風(fēng)險認知的調(diào)查,該調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),個人有感染經(jīng)歷或是朋友和家人有感染經(jīng)歷使人們更擔(dān)心新冠肺炎疫情的高風(fēng)險。為此,常見的現(xiàn)象是那些見識過新冠肺炎有多危險的人,會有“預(yù)防性健康行為”,比如進行社交隔離和戴口罩。
他們發(fā)現(xiàn),年齡較大、收入較低、受正規(guī)教育最少的女性是最有可能進行長期社交隔離的群體,尤其是在遠程工作機會較少的地區(qū)。
眾所周知,擁有大學(xué)學(xué)位的人更有可能從事適合遠程辦公的工作,而不是那些需要面對面接觸的工作?!耙虼?,受過高等教育的人更容易在保持就業(yè)的同時實行完全或有限的社交隔離?!痹撜撐谋硎??!按送?,由于收入較高,受過良好教育的人可以更容易地避免與他人頻繁接觸的通勤模式。”
對新冠肺炎疫情保持警惕的人來說,這不是一個好時機
雖然這篇論文重點關(guān)注的是那些失業(yè)的人,但對新冠肺炎疫情的擔(dān)憂可能也解釋了為什么一些員工堅持繼續(xù)居家辦公。
據(jù)報道,最新的新冠病毒變體能夠逃避針對早期毒株研發(fā)的疫苗,而且很少有人接種最新的加強針。在社會層面上,許多工作場所完全取消了針對疫情的限制措施,大多數(shù)主要城市取消了口罩令甚至接種疫苗要求。
自勞動節(jié)以來,高盛公司(Goldman Sachs)的員工就被允許進入辦公室,無論員工是否接種疫苗,也不要求員工進行核酸檢測或戴口罩。"現(xiàn)在有許多手段,包括接種疫苗、不斷完善的治療方法和測試,罹患嚴重疾病的風(fēng)險大大降低。"這家著名的支持重返辦公室辦公的銀行在一份內(nèi)部備忘錄中表示。
這使得免疫力低下或?qū)π鹿诜窝滓咔樘貏e慎重的員工更難在沒有風(fēng)險的情況下通勤上班和參加個人會議。
人力資源管理協(xié)會(Society For human resources Management)的首席人力資源官吉姆?林克(Jim Link)鼓勵處于這種情況的員工與雇主開誠布公地就期望和舒適程度進行溝通。
林克在接受《財富》雜志采訪時表示:“這種反反復(fù)復(fù)的溝通真正打開了思路,試圖為公司文化、需要完成的工作、企業(yè)成功以及員工的需求、愿望和能力做出最佳決策。我們相信,這種討論和對話將為公司和員工帶來最好的結(jié)果?!保ㄘ敻恢形木W(wǎng))
譯者:中慧言-王芳
As the weather gets colder and Americans brace for their third pandemic winter, the case for the office has never been weaker.
DMITRY MARCHENKO—EYEEM/GETTY IMAGES
Amid all the talk about the cost of desk lunches, the hours of lost sleep, and the slog of commuting, many have forgotten the original reason to avoid returning to the office: fear of catching COVID.
Nearly three years since the pandemic gripped the globe, concern over evolving variants and superspreader events have kept about 3 million people out of the workforce, finds a new paper from the National Bureau of Economic Research by WFH Research heads Nicholas Bloom, Jose Maria Barrero, and Steven Davis. That gap in the workforce has slashed the U.S.’s economic output by a quarter of a trillion dollars in just the first half of this year alone.
Between February and July 2022, 55% of respondents to the researchers’ Survey of Working Arrangements and Attitudes (SWAA) said they wouldn’t be returning to pre-COVID activities such as dining indoors or taking a crowded bus or train—and therefore would be staying out of the workforce. The researchers characterize that behavior as “l(fā)ong social distancing,” an extension of early-pandemic habits.
“People with a cautious bent or with underlying health conditions that place them at higher risk of death or serious illness from COVID-19 can find sound, understandable reasons to continue and even intensify their social distancing practices,” Barrera, Bloom, and Davis wrote, adding that the effects of long social distancing are likely to persist for months or even years.
They cited a 2020 survey about COVID risk perception, which found that personal experience—or that of friends and family members—with COVID-19 makes people fear significantly higher risks. To that end, “preventative health behaviors” like social distancing and mask-wearing is most common among people who have seen how dangerous COVID can be.
Older, lower-earning women with minimal formal education are the most likely group to partake in long social distancing, they found, especially those in areas with fewer remote work opportunities.
It’s been well-established that those with college degrees are much more likely to work in roles amenable to remote work, rather than those that necessitate face-to-face contact. “Thus, it is much easier for the highly educated to practice full or limited social distancing while remaining employed,” the paper says. “In addition, because of their higher earnings, well-educated persons can more readily avoid commuting modes that involve a high volume of close encounters with others.”
Bad timing for the COVID-cautious
While the paper centers on those missing from the workforce, COVID fears might also explain why some workers are insistent on continuing to work from home.
The latest COVID variants are reportedly able to circumvent vaccines designed for earlier strains—and few people have gotten the latest booster. On a social level, many workplaces have altogether done away with COVID-era restrictions, and most major cities have dropped mask and even vaccine requirements.
Since Labor Day, employees at Goldman Sachs have been allowed to enter the office regardless of vaccination status and haven’t been required to test or wear masks. “With many tools including vaccination, improved treatments, and testing now available, there is significantly less risk of severe illness,” the famously pro-office bank said in an internal memo.
That makes it much more difficult for immunocompromised or particularly COVID-conscious workers to commute into work and take in-person meetings without being at risk.
For workers in that boat, Jim Link, chief human resources officer at the Society for Human Resources Management, encourages open communication with bosses about expectations and comfort level.
“That back-and-forth really opens the lines to trying to make the best decision for the culture of that company, the work that needs to get done, the success of that business, and the employees’ needs and desires and capabilities,” Link told?Fortune?Well. “That discourse and dialogue we believe will produce the best outcome for both the organization and for the employees within it.”