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倦怠的美國教師加入辭職潮大軍

TREY WILLIAMS
2022-12-07

教師短缺問題日漸加劇,也為現(xiàn)有教職員工帶來了更大的壓力。

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今年,老師因倦怠而辭職在美國各地屢見不鮮。圖片來源:MASKOT—GETTY IMAGES

妮娜的父母在其祖國法國均從事教師工作;她的兄弟也在其家鄉(xiāng)教書。她的姑姑、叔叔,甚至她先生的父親也是老師,這一現(xiàn)象感覺就像是一種使命召喚。 “真的很不可思議,” 她對(duì)《財(cái)富》雜志說。

最起碼,從事教師職業(yè)也有家庭壓力的因素。不過,29歲的妮娜稱自己對(duì)教學(xué)充滿熱情,而且十分喜愛自己辛辛苦苦教育出來的孩子。她在法國教了兩年書,然后自疫情爆發(fā)后一直在亞利桑那州的一所高中教英語語言藝術(shù)。然而,她如今開始懷疑自己能否繼續(xù)干下去。與經(jīng)歷了疫情蕭條的眾多員工一樣,尤其是教師,她正在尋找機(jī)會(huì)改換自己的職業(yè)。不過,她自己也不是很清楚該從何處著手。

妮娜最近在就業(yè)指導(dǎo)子版塊中寫道:“教師這一行我是真干不動(dòng)了。然而,我在教育行業(yè)呆的時(shí)間太長了,以至于我覺得自己的能力出了問題,做任何事都提不起興趣,哪怕我有一腔努力工作的熱情和意愿?!蹦菽仁恰敦?cái)富》為了保護(hù)其隱私而使用的化名。

受疫情影響,人們圍繞教育孩子的方式和內(nèi)容爭論了約兩年的時(shí)間,教師短缺問題日漸加劇,也為現(xiàn)有教職員工帶來了更大的壓力,因此加深了教師的倦怠情緒并促使更多的教師另尋他路。該遭遇與美國企業(yè)雇員在解雇潮和大辭職潮期間面臨的情況類似,期間,數(shù)百萬的員工因持續(xù)的疫情倦怠情緒辭去了工作。

全美教育協(xié)會(huì)(National Education Association)在今年早些時(shí)候開展的調(diào)查顯示,80%的協(xié)會(huì)會(huì)員稱,工作空缺導(dǎo)致了工作量和義務(wù)的增加,而且超過半數(shù)的會(huì)員有意先于計(jì)劃離開教育行業(yè)。妮娜認(rèn)為自己也是其中的一員。自疫情爆發(fā)之后,有30萬教師和公共學(xué)校員工離開了這一行業(yè),她希望跟隨他們的步伐。

她有充分的理由:缺乏信任和支持,壓力以及倦怠情緒,同時(shí)還得應(yīng)對(duì)歷史性的學(xué)習(xí)滑落以及人手的不足。

妮娜說:“我曾認(rèn)為自己可能會(huì)在高中任教很長一段時(shí)間,或者當(dāng)一名預(yù)留地的高中老師,不過答案是否定的,我認(rèn)為自己一輩子在高中執(zhí)教并不是什么好事。最終,每當(dāng)我對(duì)工作感到沮喪時(shí),我依然在堅(jiān)持?!?/p>

疫情讓教學(xué)成為了一項(xiàng)難以忍受的工作

妮娜搬到美國西南部是希望與美國土著居民建立合作關(guān)系,尤其是納瓦霍人。她的目標(biāo)是教育土著學(xué)生,然而等待她的卻是被疫情摧毀的學(xué)校系統(tǒng)。

新冠疫情凸顯并加劇了妮娜處境危險(xiǎn)的學(xué)生及其任教的小型委辦學(xué)校所面臨的不公平性。當(dāng)學(xué)校轉(zhuǎn)為遠(yuǎn)程教學(xué)之后,其中的一些學(xué)生困在了家中,沒有可供上網(wǎng)課的計(jì)算機(jī),或處于線上教學(xué)基本無法實(shí)現(xiàn)的環(huán)境中。

與美國眾多教師一樣,妮娜不得不給這些遠(yuǎn)落后于高中閱讀水平的學(xué)生學(xué)分,并為其亮綠燈,讓其進(jìn)入下一個(gè)年級(jí)??偟膩碚f,美國兒童的學(xué)習(xí)水平下滑抵消了數(shù)十年的學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)步。更加讓妮娜感到痛心的是畢業(yè)學(xué)生面臨的壓力,因?yàn)樗麄兏静痪邆洚厴I(yè)的資質(zhì)或做好了畢業(yè)的準(zhǔn)備。然而,還有什么辦法嗎?難道讓他們留級(jí),浪費(fèi)他們數(shù)年的時(shí)間?這對(duì)于妮娜來說是難以承受的。

此外,學(xué)校管理也存在問題。她稱自己始終有種遭到了糊弄的感覺,被人輕視,而且得不到信任。此外,學(xué)校的人手嚴(yán)重不足,以至于她不得不教授特別教育課程。

妮娜說:“他們要求我們做的工作與支付的薪資相距甚遠(yuǎn)。我并不是特別教育老師,而且我也沒拿到相應(yīng)的薪酬?!蹦菽仍诿绹林撕兔绹搜芯款I(lǐng)域擁有兩個(gè)碩士學(xué)位,還有兩個(gè)學(xué)士學(xué)位。

她說,這些天,尋找合適的新職業(yè)近乎成為了一種愛好。她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己對(duì)非營利性事業(yè)、政治或維權(quán)領(lǐng)域的工作十分感興趣,哪怕這些工作依然在教育或?qū)W術(shù)界,只要不是教書就行。

妮娜說:“我希望我耗費(fèi)了大量時(shí)間學(xué)到的技能能夠有用武之地,而且這項(xiàng)技能也將我?guī)У搅嗣绹?。我來美國是為了與美國土著居民合作,并爭取環(huán)境權(quán)力。我在就讀博士項(xiàng)目的時(shí)候曾實(shí)現(xiàn)了一小部分目標(biāo),然后疫情爆發(fā)了,資金匱乏,因此我來這里當(dāng)了老師?!?/p>

感覺困在了這里,沒有出路

妮娜的父母總是說,教書可以成為一項(xiàng)十分愜意的工作,因?yàn)橛屑倨?,工作還穩(wěn)定。不過,她并不希望過得太安逸。一位拿到了博士學(xué)位的男同事告訴妮娜,他開始教書是為了支付賬單,但他掉入了這個(gè)陷阱,而且任教時(shí)間大大超過了其最初的計(jì)劃。

然而,妮娜此時(shí)對(duì)于如何規(guī)劃自己的職業(yè)變化沒有把握。盡管她手握的四個(gè)學(xué)位和專長總的來說超過了她當(dāng)前工作的需求,但妮娜擔(dān)心,如果她等的時(shí)間過長,她所學(xué)的內(nèi)容將與現(xiàn)實(shí)完全脫節(jié)。

她并不希望陷入無盡的求職循環(huán)當(dāng)中。一位同事最近跟妮娜開玩笑說,她在謀求職業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型已經(jīng)有15年的時(shí)間了。妮娜說:“我只不過是覺得,‘是的,我不想步她的后塵。’。”

多個(gè)行業(yè)的員工已經(jīng)表達(dá)了自身對(duì)于在工作和技能方面與時(shí)俱進(jìn)的擔(dān)憂,因?yàn)榇舜我咔椴粌H讓人們落后了,還讓其對(duì)職業(yè)和工作-生活平衡進(jìn)行了重新評(píng)估。妮娜說,她在疫情期間有了第一個(gè)孩子,也耗費(fèi)了其大量的精力。然而,新冠疫情導(dǎo)致的封鎖令和隔離也為妮娜提供了大量的時(shí)間來思考自己想要什么以及什么對(duì)自己的健康和職業(yè)最有利。

她說,自己在求職方面已經(jīng)被拒了兩次,其中一份工作堪稱完美,然而她并沒有放棄。學(xué)??倳?huì)有這樣或那樣的無奈,迫使她又重新回到了招聘網(wǎng)站。她在Reddit網(wǎng)站上的網(wǎng)友陸陸續(xù)續(xù)地提供了意見和指引,向她推薦更多職業(yè)選項(xiàng),建議她與獵頭合作,或者直接為她加油打氣。

妮娜說:“在找到更好的工作之前,我會(huì)一直留在這里教書……我不會(huì)先辭職,然后再去尋找另一份工作。我喜歡孩子,也喜歡我的同事。他們并非是我最中意的人,但我十分尊敬他們,我們互動(dòng)的也不錯(cuò)……而且我也不想失業(yè)。我有一個(gè)孩子,日托服務(wù)的成本跟房租差不多,因此不能失業(yè)?!保ㄘ?cái)富中文網(wǎng))

譯者:馮豐

審校:夏林

妮娜的父母在其祖國法國均從事教師工作;她的兄弟也在其家鄉(xiāng)教書。她的姑姑、叔叔,甚至她先生的父親也是老師,這一現(xiàn)象感覺就像是一種使命召喚。 “真的很不可思議,” 她對(duì)《財(cái)富》雜志說。

最起碼,從事教師職業(yè)也有家庭壓力的因素。不過,29歲的妮娜稱自己對(duì)教學(xué)充滿熱情,而且十分喜愛自己辛辛苦苦教育出來的孩子。她在法國教了兩年書,然后自疫情爆發(fā)后一直在亞利桑那州的一所高中教英語語言藝術(shù)。然而,她如今開始懷疑自己能否繼續(xù)干下去。與經(jīng)歷了疫情蕭條的眾多員工一樣,尤其是教師,她正在尋找機(jī)會(huì)改換自己的職業(yè)。不過,她自己也不是很清楚該從何處著手。

妮娜最近在就業(yè)指導(dǎo)子版塊中寫道:“教師這一行我是真干不動(dòng)了。然而,我在教育行業(yè)呆的時(shí)間太長了,以至于我覺得自己的能力出了問題,做任何事都提不起興趣,哪怕我有一腔努力工作的熱情和意愿。”妮娜是《財(cái)富》為了保護(hù)其隱私而使用的化名。

受疫情影響,人們圍繞教育孩子的方式和內(nèi)容爭論了約兩年的時(shí)間,教師短缺問題日漸加劇,也為現(xiàn)有教職員工帶來了更大的壓力,因此加深了教師的倦怠情緒并促使更多的教師另尋他路。該遭遇與美國企業(yè)雇員在解雇潮和大辭職潮期間面臨的情況類似,期間,數(shù)百萬的員工因持續(xù)的疫情倦怠情緒辭去了工作。

全美教育協(xié)會(huì)(National Education Association)在今年早些時(shí)候開展的調(diào)查顯示,80%的協(xié)會(huì)會(huì)員稱,工作空缺導(dǎo)致了工作量和義務(wù)的增加,而且超過半數(shù)的會(huì)員有意先于計(jì)劃離開教育行業(yè)。妮娜認(rèn)為自己也是其中的一員。自疫情爆發(fā)之后,有30萬教師和公共學(xué)校員工離開了這一行業(yè),她希望跟隨他們的步伐。

她有充分的理由:缺乏信任和支持,壓力以及倦怠情緒,同時(shí)還得應(yīng)對(duì)歷史性的學(xué)習(xí)滑落以及人手的不足。

妮娜說:“我曾認(rèn)為自己可能會(huì)在高中任教很長一段時(shí)間,或者當(dāng)一名預(yù)留地的高中老師,不過答案是否定的,我認(rèn)為自己一輩子在高中執(zhí)教并不是什么好事。最終,每當(dāng)我對(duì)工作感到沮喪時(shí),我依然在堅(jiān)持?!?/p>

疫情讓教學(xué)成為了一項(xiàng)難以忍受的工作

妮娜搬到美國西南部是希望與美國土著居民建立合作關(guān)系,尤其是納瓦霍人。她的目標(biāo)是教育土著學(xué)生,然而等待她的卻是被疫情摧毀的學(xué)校系統(tǒng)。

新冠疫情凸顯并加劇了妮娜處境危險(xiǎn)的學(xué)生及其任教的小型委辦學(xué)校所面臨的不公平性。當(dāng)學(xué)校轉(zhuǎn)為遠(yuǎn)程教學(xué)之后,其中的一些學(xué)生困在了家中,沒有可供上網(wǎng)課的計(jì)算機(jī),或處于線上教學(xué)基本無法實(shí)現(xiàn)的環(huán)境中。

與美國眾多教師一樣,妮娜不得不給這些遠(yuǎn)落后于高中閱讀水平的學(xué)生學(xué)分,并為其亮綠燈,讓其進(jìn)入下一個(gè)年級(jí)??偟膩碚f,美國兒童的學(xué)習(xí)水平下滑抵消了數(shù)十年的學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)步。更加讓妮娜感到痛心的是畢業(yè)學(xué)生面臨的壓力,因?yàn)樗麄兏静痪邆洚厴I(yè)的資質(zhì)或做好了畢業(yè)的準(zhǔn)備。然而,還有什么辦法嗎?難道讓他們留級(jí),浪費(fèi)他們數(shù)年的時(shí)間?這對(duì)于妮娜來說是難以承受的。

此外,學(xué)校管理也存在問題。她稱自己始終有種遭到了糊弄的感覺,被人輕視,而且得不到信任。此外,學(xué)校的人手嚴(yán)重不足,以至于她不得不教授特別教育課程。

妮娜說:“他們要求我們做的工作與支付的薪資相距甚遠(yuǎn)。我并不是特別教育老師,而且我也沒拿到相應(yīng)的薪酬?!蹦菽仍诿绹林撕兔绹搜芯款I(lǐng)域擁有兩個(gè)碩士學(xué)位,還有兩個(gè)學(xué)士學(xué)位。

她說,這些天,尋找合適的新職業(yè)近乎成為了一種愛好。她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己對(duì)非營利性事業(yè)、政治或維權(quán)領(lǐng)域的工作十分感興趣,哪怕這些工作依然在教育或?qū)W術(shù)界,只要不是教書就行。

妮娜說:“我希望我耗費(fèi)了大量時(shí)間學(xué)到的技能能夠有用武之地,而且這項(xiàng)技能也將我?guī)У搅嗣绹?。我來美國是為了與美國土著居民合作,并爭取環(huán)境權(quán)力。我在就讀博士項(xiàng)目的時(shí)候曾實(shí)現(xiàn)了一小部分目標(biāo),然后疫情爆發(fā)了,資金匱乏,因此我來這里當(dāng)了老師。”

感覺困在了這里,沒有出路

妮娜的父母總是說,教書可以成為一項(xiàng)十分愜意的工作,因?yàn)橛屑倨?,工作還穩(wěn)定。不過,她并不希望過得太安逸。一位拿到了博士學(xué)位的男同事告訴妮娜,他開始教書是為了支付賬單,但他掉入了這個(gè)陷阱,而且任教時(shí)間大大超過了其最初的計(jì)劃。

然而,妮娜此時(shí)對(duì)于如何規(guī)劃自己的職業(yè)變化沒有把握。盡管她手握的四個(gè)學(xué)位和專長總的來說超過了她當(dāng)前工作的需求,但妮娜擔(dān)心,如果她等的時(shí)間過長,她所學(xué)的內(nèi)容將與現(xiàn)實(shí)完全脫節(jié)。

她并不希望陷入無盡的求職循環(huán)當(dāng)中。一位同事最近跟妮娜開玩笑說,她在謀求職業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型已經(jīng)有15年的時(shí)間了。妮娜說:“我只不過是覺得,‘是的,我不想步她的后塵?!?。”

多個(gè)行業(yè)的員工已經(jīng)表達(dá)了自身對(duì)于在工作和技能方面與時(shí)俱進(jìn)的擔(dān)憂,因?yàn)榇舜我咔椴粌H讓人們落后了,還讓其對(duì)職業(yè)和工作-生活平衡進(jìn)行了重新評(píng)估。妮娜說,她在疫情期間有了第一個(gè)孩子,也耗費(fèi)了其大量的精力。然而,新冠疫情導(dǎo)致的封鎖令和隔離也為妮娜提供了大量的時(shí)間來思考自己想要什么以及什么對(duì)自己的健康和職業(yè)最有利。

她說,自己在求職方面已經(jīng)被拒了兩次,其中一份工作堪稱完美,然而她并沒有放棄。學(xué)??倳?huì)有這樣或那樣的無奈,迫使她又重新回到了招聘網(wǎng)站。她在Reddit網(wǎng)站上的網(wǎng)友陸陸續(xù)續(xù)地提供了意見和指引,向她推薦更多職業(yè)選項(xiàng),建議她與獵頭合作,或者直接為她加油打氣。

妮娜說:“在找到更好的工作之前,我會(huì)一直留在這里教書……我不會(huì)先辭職,然后再去尋找另一份工作。我喜歡孩子,也喜歡我的同事。他們并非是我最中意的人,但我十分尊敬他們,我們互動(dòng)的也不錯(cuò)……而且我也不想失業(yè)。我有一個(gè)孩子,日托服務(wù)的成本跟房租差不多,因此不能失業(yè)?!保ㄘ?cái)富中文網(wǎng))

譯者:馮豐

審校:夏林

It felt like a calling: Nina’s parents are both teachers in her home country of France; her brother is teaching back home too. Her aunts, uncles, even her husband’s father is a teacher. “It’s insane,” she tells Fortune.

There was familial pressure to become a teacher, to say the least, but Nina, 29, says she is passionate about teaching and loves the kids she works so hard to educate. She taught for two years in France and has been an English language arts teacher in an Arizona high school since the pandemic started. But she’s not sure she can do it much longer. Like many workers in the waning days of the pandemic—especially teachers—she is seeking a career change. But she’s not entirely sure where to begin.

“I just don’t want to be a teacher,” Nina, a pseudonym Fortune is using to protect her privacy, recently wrote in the career guidance subreddit. “But I’ve been in education for so long that I don’t feel like I am qualified enough to do anything remotely interesting even though I have the fire and willingness to work hard.”

The pandemic, which brought about two years of debating how—and what—to teach kids, fueled a teacher shortage that has put more pressure on staff, intensifying burnout and leading more teachers to search for an exit ramp. The effect is similar to what employees in corporate America face amid layoffs and the Great Resignation, in which millions of workers have vacated positions amid continued pandemic fatigue.

A National Education Association poll from earlier this year found that 80% of the union’s members say job openings have led to more work and obligations, with more than half of members planning to leave education sooner than planned. Nina counts herself among them, hoping to follow in the footsteps of the 300,000 teachers and public school staff who have left the profession since the pandemic.

Her reasons are plenty: a lack of trust and support, stress and burnout, contending with historic learning loss, and depleted staffing.

“I thought I would be a high school teacher for a while and maybe be a high school teacher on a reservation, but no,” Nina says. “I don’t think it would be good for me to be a high school teacher my whole life…Essentially, every time I’m frustrated with my job, I go on Indeed.”

The pandemic has made teaching unbearable

Nina moved to the American Southwest fueled by a desire to work with the Native American population there, particularly the Navajo Nation. She had goals of teaching native students. What she found was a school system ravaged by the pandemic.

COVID-19 highlighted and exacerbated the inequalities facing Nina’s at-risk students and the small charter school where she teaches. When the school went remote, some of her students were stuck at a home without a computer for online class or in environments in which online schooling was virtually impossible.

Like many teachers across the country, Nina had to give credit and pass along students who are far behind high school reading levels to the next grade. Broadly, the learning loss for America’s children has erased decades of academic progress. What pains Nina more has been the pressure to graduate students who are simply not equipped nor ready to graduate. But what’s the alternative: Waste years of their lives by holding them back? It’s become untenable for her.

Then there’s the school administration. She constantly feels patronized, undervalued, and not trusted, she says. And the school is so short-staffed that she’s been forced to teach special-education classes.

“They’re asking us to do things that are way above our paycheck,” says Nina, who holds two master’s degrees in Native American studies and American studies plus two bachelor’s degrees. “I am not a special-education teacher, and I am not paid like one.”

Looking for the right next career has become almost a hobby these days, she says. She finds herself drawn to nonprofit work, the political or advocacy sphere, even something still in education or academia—anything but teaching.

“I want to use my skills that I spent so much of my time learning and that brought me here to the U.S.,” Nina says. “I came to the U.S. to work with Native American people and work for environmental rights. It happened for a little bit when I was doing my Ph.D. program, but the pandemic happened and lack of funding happened, so here I am.”

Feeling stuck with no way out

Teaching can be a comfortable gig; that’s what Nina’s parents always preached: the time off and job security. She doesn’t want to get too comfortable, though. A colleague of hers has a Ph.D. and told her he started teaching just to pay the bills, but he fell into the trap and has been teaching much longer than originally planned.

But Nina is unsure at this point how to navigate such a career change. While she’s got four degrees under her belt and an expertise that for all intents and purposes exceeds the scope of her current job, Nina’s worried that if she waits too long, her training will become all but irrelevant.

And she doesn’t want to be stuck in an endless job search. A colleague, somewhat jokingly, told Nina recently she had been looking for a career change for 15 years. “I just kind of felt, ‘Yeah, I don’t want to be her,’” Nina says.

Workers across industries have expressed concerns about staying relevant in their work and skills after a pandemic that not only put people behind, but also made them reevaluate careers and work-life balance. Nina had her first child during the pandemic, which took a lot of her focus, she says, but lockdown and the isolation that came with COVID-19 gave her a lot of time to think about what she wants and what’s best for her health and career.

She’s been turned down for two jobs already, one that would have been perfect, she says. She’s not deterred, though. There’s always more frustration at school that pushes her back to the job boards. Fellow Redditors offered advice and guidance in droves, suggesting other potential careers, working with a headhunter, or simply sending encouragement.

“I’m going to stay as long as I can stay until I find something better…I will not resign and then look for another job,” she says. “I love the kids. I like my colleagues. They’re not my favorite people, but I respect them and we have a good dynamic…And I don’t want to be unemployed. I have a baby, and day care costs just as much as rent now, so there’s that.”

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