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溝通要多動腦少動嘴

溝通要多動腦少動嘴

Megan Hustad 2013年01月11日
因為害怕遺漏,很多人在溝通中都喜歡羅列要點(diǎn)。甲乙丙丁、一二三四、ABCD.…洋洋灑灑,長篇大論。但事實上,這并不是最有效地溝通方式。專家建議,溝通之前先想清楚,然后做到簡明扼要。

????這就像軟件中的“功能蔓延”,我們可以稱之為羅列蔓延。出發(fā)點(diǎn)可能是好的,但效果不佳。越是對“羅列蔓延”敏感,我就越擔(dān)心我們的討論可能是雞同鴨講,不斷往上堆積,導(dǎo)致初衷迷失,浪費(fèi)時間。

????我問過《減法法則》(The Laws of Subtraction)的作者馬修·梅,把很多想法硬塞進(jìn)一個句子的沖動來自哪里?他將此歸咎于缺乏自制?!叭绻麤]有自制,本能就會占據(jù)主導(dǎo),”他說?!拔覀兊墓逃斜灸芫褪翘砑樱莆盏臇|西越多,我們就越感到安全?!?/p>

????競爭性工作環(huán)境下,塞入過多溝通內(nèi)容往往比遺漏更安全。但梅說,這種自我保護(hù)的本能可能弊大于利。

????“具有諷刺意味的是,世界的注意廣度正在收窄。我們要想繼續(xù)有人聽,就必須得花點(diǎn)功夫。寫微博和短消息或許能讓我們成為更好的編輯。我們想通過這樣的自制,形成中長期模式?!?/p>

????如果您擔(dān)心自己可能已感染上了“羅列病”,不想進(jìn)一步陷入毫無邏輯的境地,一種辦法就是檢查你的名詞:動詞比率。(像上述這樣的10:4比例,表明廢話過多,行動不足。)

????梅建議不妨預(yù)設(shè)一個限值,即便這在一些同行看來可能有些草率。“我通常以3為限。我想這是大多數(shù)人能夠做到的。當(dāng)然,最理想的情況是1?!?/p>

????另外,建立一套固定的修改流程也有幫助。梅表示,他會在段落中快速瀏覽每次出現(xiàn)的“和”,而且嘗試把“和”后面的部分刪除。但他也說“不一定每次都能做到”。熱和悶改成熱,后面是句號。

????決定哪些略過不提并不是件容易的事。正如貝佐斯所言,這需要想清楚。它意味著需要孤立和整體地評估各個要素的重要性。

????博主克里斯多夫·萊福寫道,它還意味著感受一下稿件的份量。是的,就是字面意思的份量,他還記得到好萊塢工作時見到的一個奇特傳統(tǒng)?!爸破嘶?qū)徃迦四玫絼”镜牡谝患戮褪潜灸艿啬闷饋怼嗔康嗔俊U娴木褪堑嗔恳幌?。?/p>

????太重了?萊福寫到:“這樣的劇本很少有人仔細(xì)閱讀,可能連看都不會看。”

????當(dāng)然也會有例外。但如果你可以將一個項目從列表中劃掉,或許你的確應(yīng)該這么做。

????Like feature creep in software, what we might call?list creep?is insidious. The intentions may be good but the effect underwhelms. The more sensitive I become to list creep, the more I worry we waste time talking past each other, perpetually tacking on one more "thing" and only making our intended meaning blurrier.

????I asked Matthew E. May, author of?The Laws of Subtraction,?where the compulsion to stuff multiple ideas into a single sentence comes from. He faulted a lack of self-control. "Without the discipline, instinct takes over," he says. "Our hardwired instinct is to add, as slack resources make us feel safe."

????In competitive work situations, overstuffing your communications often seems like a safer bet than running the risk of leaving something out. But that instinct for self-preservation may be doing more harm than good, says May.

????"The ironic thing is that the world's attention span is shrinking, so we're going to have to do the work if we want to stay relevant. Twitter and texting may be inadvertently making us better editors. We just need to apply that discipline to our longer formats."

????If you're worried that you've succumbed to list creep, one way to halt your slide into incoherence is to check your memos for noun: verb ratio. (A 10:4 ratio like the one above implies a lot of conversation, not enough action.)

????May recommends setting predetermined limits, even if they strike some colleagues as arbitrary. "I try to follow the rule of three. I think that's the most people can retain. The ideal is one, of course."

????A routine revision process also helps. May says he scans his paragraphs for every instance of the word "and." Then he tries -- "not always successfully," he adds -- to eliminate what follows each "and."?Hot and sticky?becomes?hot, period.

????Deciding what can go unmentioned is hard work. It involves, as Bezos suggested, clear thinking. It means assessing the importance of each element in isolation and as part of the whole.

????It also means getting a sense for how heavy -- literally -- a document should be, writes blogger Christopher Rife, who recalls witnessing a strange ritual upon arriving for work in Hollywood. "The first thing a producer or reader would do with a script, instinctively, was to pick it up and 'weigh' it. Literally weigh it."

????Too heavy? "It ha[d] little chance of being read with care or read at all," Rife writes.

????There will always be exceptions. But it's tempting to recommend that if you can cross it off your list, you probably should.

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