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近日，特朗普總統(tǒng)宣布將暫緩執(zhí)行甚至取消前總統(tǒng)巴拉克·奧巴馬提出的國際創(chuàng)業(yè)者條例。該條例允許移民企業(yè)家在美國創(chuàng)立公司。此舉相當于對美國初創(chuàng)公司的生態(tài)環(huán)境狠狠動了一刀，無論從短期還是長期來看，都會損害到美國的經(jīng)濟。他的政策也會讓人們對美國全球創(chuàng)新領導者的形象產(chǎn)生質(zhì)疑。

國際創(chuàng)業(yè)者條例為想來美國的企業(yè)家設立了嚴格的標準。例如，他們必須擁有公司至少10%的股份，公司必須有迅速發(fā)展的潛力，從而創(chuàng)造收入和工作崗位。實際上，美國風險投資協(xié)會支持這種做法，因為他們認識到了移民給美國做出的貢獻。美國國土安全部估計，每年通過該條例得以進入美國的企業(yè)家移民約為2,940人。特朗普延緩甚至取消這一條例，相當于忽視美國面臨的嚴重挑戰(zhàn)——我們需要填滿并跨越這一創(chuàng)新缺口。按照美國在線創(chuàng)始人史蒂夫·凱斯的話說，特朗普的決定是“巨大的錯誤”。

美國已經(jīng)陷入了創(chuàng)業(yè)減速的泥潭中。2014年新創(chuàng)立的公司剛過45萬家，比起20世紀80年代到21世紀頭十年中期的50萬至60萬有著明顯下降。年齡30歲以下的企業(yè)家數(shù)量也接近了24年來的最低點。千禧一代創(chuàng)立公司的速度還不夠快。

誠然，2008年的金融危機不僅搞砸了房地產(chǎn)和股票市場，也抑制了許多美國人的冒險欲望。在信貸市場受迫的情況下，想要成為企業(yè)家的人很難在開公司和追逐夢想時獲得資本保證。盡管商業(yè)行情確實看漲，考夫曼創(chuàng)業(yè)活動指數(shù)也在上升，但美國仍然沒有恢復曾經(jīng)初創(chuàng)公司茁壯成長的景象，全球創(chuàng)新先鋒的地位也不再穩(wěn)固。

我們可以而且應該允許移民來填補我們的創(chuàng)業(yè)缺口。移民是敢于冒險的。離開故土會讓你無所畏懼，樂于改變，面對挫敗也能迅速恢復。引人注目的一點在于，2010年的《財富》500強榜單中，由移民和第一代美國人創(chuàng)立的公司占到了驚人的40%。這些公司包括麥當勞、蘋果和通用電氣。

歷史上看，移民占美國人口的10.5%，所以他們在創(chuàng)立長久存續(xù)的公司，幫助美國創(chuàng)造未來的工作崗位上發(fā)揮了超出自己比例的作用。這些由移民創(chuàng)立的《財富》500強公司在美國擁有360萬員工，在全球擁有1,000萬員工。他們創(chuàng)造的收入總和達到了驚人的4.2萬億美元。

這些公司的企業(yè)家的名字，你可能有所耳聞，例如谷歌的謝爾蓋·布林和特斯拉的伊隆·馬斯克。移民企業(yè)家對我們的初創(chuàng)公司的生態(tài)環(huán)境至關重要。我們需要聯(lián)合起來，抵制和拒絕總統(tǒng)不合理的政策。（財富中文網(wǎng)）

本文作者迪帕克·喬普拉是The Chopra Foundation的創(chuàng)始人和The Chopra Center for Wellbeing的共同創(chuàng)始人。卡比爾·塞加爾是一名作家，格萊美獎獲得者，也是美國海軍老兵。他們聯(lián)合撰寫了《家庭：每個人都會收到歡迎》，這是一部由美國移民啟發(fā)所著的詩集和音樂專輯。杰夫·奧斯特是一名投資顧問，也是制作音樂專輯《家庭》的音樂人。

譯者：嚴匡正

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Trump has taken a hazardous scalpel to America’s startup ecosystem by announcing that his administration would delay and may even remove the International Entrepreneur Rule implemented by former President Barack Obama, which enables immigrant entrepreneurs to found companies in the U.S. These measures are harmful to our economy in the short and long run. His policies call into question our image as the worldwide leader in innovation.

The International Entrepreneur Rule establishes rigorous criteria for entrepreneurs who want to come to America; for instance, they must own at least 10% of their company and the company must have potential to grow quickly in terms of revenue and jobs created. Indeed, the National Venture Capital Association is supportive of this measure, as it recognizes the contributions immigrants make to America. The Department of Homeland Security estimates that 2,940 immigrant entrepreneurs would be permitted under the rule every year. By delaying and perhaps eventually abolishing the International Entrepreneur Rule, Trump is turning a blind eye to a serious challenge facing our country—the need to fill and bridge our innovation gap. In the words of Steve Case, the founder of AOL, Trump’s decision is a “big mistake.”

The U.S. is mired in a startup slowdown. There were just over 450,000 companies formed in 2014, which is a material decrease from the 500,000 to 600,000 companies that were started every year from the early 1980s to the mid-2000s. The number of entrepreneurs under the age of 30 is at a nearly 24-year low. Millennials aren’t starting companies quickly enough.

To be sure, the 2008 financial crisis wrecked not only the housing and stock markets, but dampened the risk appetite of many Americans. With credit markets under duress, it was difficult for would-be entrepreneurs to secure capital to finance their companies and pursue their ambitions. While it’s true that business sentiment is getting stronger, and the Kauffman Index of Startup Activity is increasing, America still isn’t experiencing the robust startup growth that it once enjoyed—or that it needs to remain at the vanguard of global innovation.

Immigrants can and should be allowed to fill our startup gap. Immigrants are risk takers. There is something about leaving behind your home country that makes you fearless, open to change, and resilient in the face of defeat. Remarkably, immigrants or first-generation Americans founded a whopping 40% of the Fortune 500 companies listed in 2010. These companies include McDonald’s, Apple, and General Electric.

Historically, immigrants have made up about 10.5% of our population, so they are clearly punching above their weight when it comes to starting companies that last and helping America create the jobs of the future. These immigrant-founded Fortune 500 companies have 3.6 million employees in the U.S. and 10 million worldwide. The combined revenues of these companies amount to a whopping $4.2 trillion.

You’ve heard of some of these entrepreneurs, such as Sergey Brin of Google and Elon Musk of Tesla. Immigrant entrepreneurs are vital to our startup ecosystem, and we need to unite to resist and reject the irrational policies of the president.

Deepak Chopra is the founder of?The Chopra Foundation and co-founder of The Chopra Center for Wellbeing. Kabir Sehgal is an author, Grammy Award winner, and U.S. Navy veteran. They created Home: Where Everyone is Welcome, a book of poems and music album inspired by American immigrants. Jeff Oster is an investment advisor and musician who produced the music album "Home."