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數(shù)據(jù)科學(xué)家的平均年薪為12.8萬(wàn)美元。財(cái)務(wù)顧問的工資是8.9萬(wàn)美元。注冊(cè)護(hù)士的年收入為6.8萬(wàn)美元。盡管這些崗位的薪水都在平均水準(zhǔn)之上，但符合要求的人數(shù)卻還不夠。

這是求職門戶網(wǎng)站CareerCast上上周四年度報(bào)告里發(fā)布的數(shù)據(jù)。該網(wǎng)站利用美國(guó)勞工統(tǒng)計(jì)局的數(shù)據(jù)和相關(guān)的行業(yè)資源，追蹤了200種工作并找出了人員需求量最高的十大領(lǐng)域。

在2017年的報(bào)告中，卡車司機(jī)和信息安全分析師取代了營(yíng)銷經(jīng)理和電氣工程師，占據(jù)了前十的位置。它們?nèi)缃窦尤肓思彝ソ】底o(hù)理、理療師和軟件工程師的行列，后幾個(gè)崗位對(duì)人員的需求，在未來七年內(nèi)預(yù)計(jì)會(huì)有兩位數(shù)的增長(zhǎng)。

Data scientists earn $128,000 as a median salary. Financial advisors make $89,000. Registered nurses bring in about $68,000. While these are above-average salaries, there aren’t enough workers to meet demand for these jobs.

That’s according to an annual report released Thursday by job search portal CareerCast. Using recent data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and related industry sources, CareerCast tracks 200 jobs and pulls out the 10 most in-demand fields.

In its 2017 report, trucker and information security analyst displaced marketing managers and electrical engineers in the top 10 list. They now join home health aides, physical therapists, and software engineers, where demand for workers is expected to grow in the double digits over the next seven years.

那么為何存在供需差異？Career Cast的在線內(nèi)容編輯凱爾·肯辛表示，本質(zhì)上說，就是擁有資質(zhì)的員工不足，難以滿足技術(shù)要求較高的崗位。例如，數(shù)據(jù)科學(xué)家和信息安全分析師都是新職業(yè)，學(xué)院和大學(xué)沒有培養(yǎng)足夠擁有必要技能的畢業(yè)生。與之類似，嬰兒潮一代是除千禧一代外最大的一批人群，隨著他們開始衰老，醫(yī)療需求日益增長(zhǎng)，家庭健康護(hù)理和注冊(cè)護(hù)士所在的領(lǐng)域也前所未有地蓬勃發(fā)展起來。根據(jù)Careercast的數(shù)據(jù)，護(hù)理行業(yè)有著所有領(lǐng)域中最大的缺口，到2024年可能額外需要44萬(wàn)從業(yè)者加入。

相比之下，卡車運(yùn)輸不需要從業(yè)者接受高等教育，卻由于金融危機(jī)給交通運(yùn)輸帶來的打擊揮之不去而受到影響?？闲帘硎?，該領(lǐng)域的從業(yè)者紛紛另謀高就，導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟(jì)好轉(zhuǎn)后出現(xiàn)人員缺口。他說，未來七年內(nèi)，這一行業(yè)還需要10萬(wàn)人。

我們可以預(yù)計(jì)，上述許多趨勢(shì)還將延續(xù)下去。

肯辛稱：“信息技術(shù)和醫(yī)療是勞動(dòng)力的中堅(jiān)力量?！保ㄘ?cái)富中文網(wǎng)）

譯者：嚴(yán)匡正

So why the gap between supply and demand? Essentially there aren’t enough qualified workers for the more skilled professions, says Kyle Kensing, online content editor for Career C ast. For example, even though data scientist and information security analyst are essentially new professions, colleges and universities aren’t churning out enough graduates with the necessary skills to keep pace with openings, he says. Similarly, home health aides and registered nurses are in an ever-expanding field because the Baby Boom generation, the largest after millennials, is moving into old age and has growing health care needs. Nursing for example has the single most openings of all careers, and is expected to need an additional 440,000 workers by 2024, according to Careercast.

By contrast, trucking, which does not require an advanced education, is suffering from the lingering effects of the financial crisis, when the transportation industry took a hit. According to Kensing, people in the field left for other types of work, leaving a worker gap as the economy improved. The industry will need an additional 100,000 workers in the next seven years, he says.

And we can expect a continuation of many of these trends going forward.

“IT and healthcare will be the backbones of the workforce,” Kensing says.