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為了制止槍支暴力,美國(guó)各處的學(xué)生正在變成老師

Clifton Leaf
2018-05-09

越來(lái)越多的孩子為了控槍而奔走,已推動(dòng)立法方面出現(xiàn)實(shí)質(zhì)性變化。

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艾瑪·岡薩雷斯發(fā)現(xiàn),沉默一樣有巨大的力量。3月24日在華盛頓特區(qū)一場(chǎng)游行活動(dòng)中,面對(duì)美國(guó)首都有史以來(lái)規(guī)模最大的集會(huì)人群,這位18歲的佛羅里達(dá)女孩激憤地講述了瑪喬里斯通曼道格拉斯高中17名師生遇難的經(jīng)過(guò),她的朋友們?cè)僖膊荒茉诜艑W(xué)后開(kāi)玩笑、揮別或者一起玩了。再見(jiàn),卡拉·洛克倫,再見(jiàn),克里斯·??松?,再見(jiàn),盧克·霍耶,岡薩雷斯緩慢而莊重地念出他們的名字。

隨后,這位年輕姑娘短短幾周內(nèi)就成了全國(guó)性運(yùn)動(dòng)代言人,她代逝者采取了唯一可能的反應(yīng),那就是沉默。人群呼喊著她的名字,經(jīng)久不息地鼓掌,略顯笨拙地喊著口號(hào)打破現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的沉寂,但岡薩雷斯什么也沒(méi)說(shuō),只是沉默。警報(bào)聲在她登臺(tái)6分20秒后響起,正是瘋狂的年輕人手持AR-15自動(dòng)步槍射殺17人花的時(shí)間。這位勇敢的高中生用一句話結(jié)束了富有沖擊力的演說(shuō):“為自己的生命戰(zhàn)斗吧,別讓別人奪走?!?

2018年美國(guó)之所以終于開(kāi)始對(duì)付槍支暴力,這種每天奪走近百條美國(guó)人命的“疾病”,原因并非贏得選舉的官員關(guān)注,而是因?yàn)榘敗_雷斯之類(lèi)充滿勇氣、堅(jiān)韌,口才又出眾的優(yōu)秀學(xué)生。因?yàn)楝攩汤锼雇栏窭垢咧?1年級(jí)(相當(dāng)于國(guó)內(nèi)高二)學(xué)生卡梅隆·卡斯基和他的同班同學(xué)賈克琳·科林和阿萊克斯·溫德發(fā)起了#NeverAgain運(yùn)動(dòng),并參與籌劃了3月份在華盛頓的“Our Lives”歷史性游行,還得到全球其他地區(qū)的響應(yīng)。因?yàn)橛涡型惶欤?1歲的娜奧米·韋德勒提醒數(shù)百萬(wàn)人,大量喪生于槍支暴力的非洲裔美國(guó)年輕人“絕不僅是統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)”,而是生機(jī)勃勃“充滿潛力”的生命。也因?yàn)?1歲的哥倫比亞學(xué)生恩扎-阿里·科荷普拉和別人一起發(fā)起了兩項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)——Project Orange Tree和Wear Orange,她希望這能促使年輕人多討論社會(huì)頑疾(穿橘色服裝的想法是因?yàn)楂C人在林中狩獵時(shí)往往穿橘色衣服,以免其他獵人誤傷)。

反槍支暴力組織Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence聯(lián)合總裁克里斯汀·布朗說(shuō):“孩子們表達(dá)訴求的聲音是充滿力量和激情,引發(fā)的關(guān)注早已遠(yuǎn)超瑪喬里斯通曼道格拉斯高中的范疇。現(xiàn)在全國(guó)各地的年輕人都想?yún)⑴c。我想他們真的就這個(gè)問(wèn)題發(fā)出了自己的聲音,幾乎是一代人在集體呼吁。這已成為他們的事業(yè),我覺(jué)得非常棒?!?

布朗指出,學(xué)生們已推動(dòng)立法方面實(shí)質(zhì)性變化。新澤西州、佛蒙特州,沒(méi)錯(cuò),還有佛羅里達(dá)州均通過(guò)各種改革方案限制槍支暴力。1990年以來(lái),布朗一直在推動(dòng)改革,比如全國(guó)性背景核查以及限制攻擊性武器。她認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在或許終于接近拐點(diǎn):“越來(lái)越多州開(kāi)始討論提案,數(shù)量也空前之多,蔓延之勢(shì)遠(yuǎn)超之前觀察。現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始動(dòng)真格的了?!保ㄘ?cái)富中文網(wǎng))

《財(cái)富》雜志編輯最近敲定了2018年全球50位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力榜樣名單。本文是該特別報(bào)道的一部分。

譯者:Charlie

審校:夏林

Somehow, Emma González found the strength to be silent. At a March 24 rally in Washington, D.C.—in front of a crowd larger than any other that had assembled in the nation’s capital—the 18-year-old Floridian spoke passionately about the loss of 17 students and teachers at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School, friends who would never joke or wave or hang out after school again. Cara Loughran would never. Chris Hixon would never. Luke Hoyer would never, she intoned, releasing each name into the air, one by one.

Then the young woman, who in just weeks had become the face of a national movement, offered the only response the dead could make: silence. As the crowd called out her name, as they broke into restless applause, as they chanted awkwardly to fill the void, she said nothing. When an alarm rang, six minutes and 20 seconds after she’d walked onstage—the same amount of time it took a broken young man to murder 17 people with an AR-15—the intrepid high school senior finished the powerful sermon she’d begun. “Fight for your lives before it’s someone else’s job,” she said.

If 2018 becomes the year that the United States finally begins to tackle its disease of gun violence—an epidemic that steals nearly 100 American lives every day—it will be due not to the good sense of elected officials, but rather to the courage, tenacity, and sheer eloquence of students like Emma González. It will be due to 11th-graders like Cameron Kasky, who along with Stoneman Douglas classmates Jaclyn Corin and Alex Wind launched the #NeverAgain crusade and helped plan the historic March for Our Lives rally in Washington, which was mirrored by gatherings around the world. It will be due to 11-year-olds like Naomi Wadler, who reminded millions of people on that same day of something that should never have needed a reminder: that young African-Americans who die in such overwhelming numbers from gun violence aren’t “simply statistics” but instead vibrant lives “full of potential.” It will be due to 21-year-olds like Columbia student Nza-Ari Khepra, who cofounded two efforts to bring attention to gun violence—Project Orange Tree and the Wear Orange campaign—which she hopes will inspire other young people to engage in a conversation about this scourge. (The idea of wearing orange came about because it’s the color hunters wear in the woods to protect them from becoming targets themselves.)

“These kids are articulating so forcefully and passionately the need for change, and it has sparked something well beyond just Marjory Stoneman Douglas,” says Kristin Brown, copresident of the Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence. “You see it across the country with kids now wanting to get involved. And I think they’ve really claimed their voice—almost as a generation—around this issue. This has become their cause, and I think it’s a wonderful thing.”

On the legislative front, she says, the students have already driven substantive change. New Jersey, Vermont, and, yes, Florida, have passed various reforms to curb gun violence, says Brown, who has been fighting for reforms such as national background checks and limits on assault weapons since 1990. She thinks we may now be near a tipping point: “It has really caused an unprecedented number of bills to be introduced in many more states than we would have even had on our radar screen,” she says. “There’s something real here.”

The staff of Fortune recently assembled our 2018 list of the World’s 50 Greatest Leaders. This story is part of that coverage.

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