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許多人覺得自己還不夠聰明，不是當(dāng)企業(yè)家的料。但似乎并沒有確切證據(jù)表明，高智商是勝任這項工作的前提條件。我們都知道，有些曾經(jīng)的輟學(xué)生初次創(chuàng)業(yè)就大獲成功。根據(jù)許多人的說法，“街頭智慧”（經(jīng)驗）似乎總是要優(yōu)于“書本智慧”（智力）。

另一個觀點認為，智力實際上也分很多種，我們每個人都有自己的長處和短處。最成功的企業(yè)家通常都有著廣泛的興趣，掌握多種技能，經(jīng)驗豐富（街頭智慧），而對特定學(xué)科的深度了解，其實并沒有那么重要。

以下是最受認可的8種智能，它們涵蓋了大部分人的潛能。我根據(jù)這些智能對企業(yè)家角色的影響大小，對它們進行了排序：

1. 表達能力

表達能力強的人在措辭和言談方面的表現(xiàn)十分出眾。他們通常善于交流想法、閱讀、寫作和講故事。優(yōu)秀的企業(yè)家需要這樣的技能來領(lǐng)導(dǎo)團隊，向顧客和投資者兜售理念，撰寫商業(yè)計劃。

2. 人際交往能力

這一屬性是社交技能的體現(xiàn)。社交能力出眾的企業(yè)家能夠更有效地跟所有利益攸關(guān)方互動。他們能夠體會到其他人的情感、動機和性格，進而獲得他們的支持。他們還特別擅長談判，喜歡與他人合作。

3. 內(nèi)省能力

內(nèi)省能力指的是了解自身長處、短處和動機，并利用這些認知制定規(guī)劃和戰(zhàn)略的能力。要想獲得滿足與快樂，優(yōu)秀的企業(yè)家必須尋找顧問和合作伙伴，用他們的技能補全自己的不足。

4. 算術(shù)能力（邏輯智力）

邏輯-算術(shù)能力指的是計算、評估和邏輯思考的能力。企業(yè)家需要應(yīng)用這種能力來平衡他們對特定解決方案的強烈愛好，制定專門的計劃，調(diào)配好財政資源，從而建立、啟動和擴大自己的企業(yè)，取得最終的成功。

5. 自然觀察能力

這種對環(huán)境和文化的洞察力，根植于一個人從道德層面和整體的角度對這個世界及其復(fù)雜性的敏銳解讀。我相信優(yōu)秀的企業(yè)家能利用這種能力率先發(fā)現(xiàn)新市場，預(yù)測全球潮流，設(shè)計有效的市場營銷活動，并找到需要重點關(guān)注的人群。

6. 構(gòu)想能力

構(gòu)想能力代表著一個人想象三維空間，并把想法視覺化的能力。核心能力包括心理想象、空間推理和活躍的想象力。我們很容易看到它在企業(yè)家開展營銷、設(shè)計解決方案和推廣品牌時發(fā)揮的重要作用。

7. 肢體動覺能力

這項能力包括感知時機的能力，以及通過思維和身體的結(jié)合來完善技能的能力。那些善于發(fā)明創(chuàng)造和打造創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)品的企業(yè)家，往往擁有特別強大的肢體動覺能力。這種特長還會帶來出色的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力和非凡的公共演說能力。

8. 音樂能力

音樂能力是識別音高、節(jié)奏、音色和語調(diào)的能力。對于任何一家與音樂直接或間接相關(guān)的企業(yè)來說，這項能力的重要性自不待言。除此之外，它還會幫助企業(yè)家成為更好的傾聽者，更加有條不紊地安排活動、開發(fā)營銷項目。音樂智能高的人通常也具有很強的邏輯能力。

除了關(guān)注智力之外，每一位有抱負的企業(yè)家還需要關(guān)注自己的心態(tài)。最好的心態(tài)就是把挑戰(zhàn)看作令人興奮的事情，而不是威脅；把挫折看作學(xué)習(xí)的機會，并相信只要努力和堅持，就會克服一切障礙。（財富中文網(wǎng)）

譯者：嚴匡正?

Many people feel that they just aren’t smart enough to be an entrepreneur, yet there seems to be no convincing evidence that a high IQ is a prerequisite for this lifestyle. We all know of successful businesses started by first-time entrepreneurs who dropped out of school, and according to manysources, “street smarts” (experience) tends to trump “book smarts” (intelligence) every time.

Another perspective is that there are in fact multiple types of intelligence, and we all have strengths and weaknesses along all of these scales. It does appear that most successful entrepreneurs are those with the broadest range of interests, skills and experiences (street smarts), while a maximum depth in any given discipline is not so important.

Here are basic definitions for the eight most commonly recognized intelligences that cover the potential of most humans, prioritized by my view of applicability to the entrepreneurial role:

1. Word-smarts (linguistic intelligence)

People with a high linguistic intelligence display a high facility for word usage and languages. They are typically good at communicating ideas, reading, writing and telling stories. Good entrepreneurs need these skills to lead a team, sell ideas to customers and investors and write business plans.

2. People-smarts (interpersonal intelligence)

These attributes are the embodiment of social skills. Entrepreneurs with high social skills interact more effectively with all their constituents. They are able to sense the feelings, motivations and temperaments of others, to enlist their support and negotiate effectively. They love working with people.

3. Self-smarts (intra-personal intelligence)

Intra-personal intelligence is the capacity to understand your own strengths, weaknesses and motivations, and to capitalize on these insights in planning and strategy. Good entrepreneurs must be able to surround themselves with advisors and partners who complement their skills to find satisfaction and happiness.

4. Number-smarts (logical-reasoning intelligence)

Logical-mathematical intelligence is the ability to calculate, quantify and think logically. Entrepreneurs use strengths in this area to balance their passion for a specific solution and to develop the specific steps and financial resources required for building, rolling out and scaling the business to success.

5. Nature-smarts (naturalist intelligence)

This sort of environmental and cultural insight is deeply rooted in a sensitive, ethical and holistic understanding of the world and its complexities. I believe that good entrepreneurs use this to see new markets first, predict world trends and devise effective marketing campaigns and demographics for focus.

6. Picture-smarts (spatial intelligence)

Spatial intelligence is the ability to think in three dimensions and the ability to visualize with the mind’s eye. Core capacities include mental imagery, spatial reasoning and an active imagination. It’s easy to see how this is important for entrepreneurs in marketing, solution design and product branding.

7. Body-smarts (kinesthetic intelligence)

This intelligence involves a sense of timing and the perfection of skills through mind-body coordination. Business entrepreneurs who are also good at invention and building innovative new products are especially strong in this area. Strengths here also lead to leadership presence and public-speaking prowess.

8. Music-smarts (musical intelligence)

Musical intelligence is the capacity to discern pitch, rhythm, timbre and tone. In addition to being key to any business directly or indirectly related to music, this skill help entrepreneurs to be better listeners, orchestrate events and develop marketing programs. Music-smart people also tend to be logical.

In addition to looking at intelligence, every aspiring entrepreneur needs to look at mindset. The mindset that works best is one that sees challenges as exciting rather than threatening, setbacks as learning opportunities and a conviction that effort and perseverance will overcome any obstacle.