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如果你認(rèn)為，每周里有幾個(gè)夜晚喝上一杯葡萄酒對(duì)身體沒(méi)有什么壞處，請(qǐng)把它類比為抽上5至10支香煙。這是期刊《BMC公共衛(wèi)生》（BMC Public Health）的一項(xiàng)新研究得出的結(jié)論。研究人員在其中將導(dǎo)致癌癥的惡習(xí)之一——吸煙與另一種惡習(xí)進(jìn)行了對(duì)比。

這項(xiàng)研究重點(diǎn)研究了每周喝一瓶葡萄酒對(duì)于壽命的絕對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。按照梅約診所（Mayo Clinic）的定義，絕對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是指一個(gè)人在一生中罹患某種疾病的概率。例如，美國(guó)男性平均有12%的絕對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)罹患前列腺癌。這意味著100個(gè)美國(guó)男性里平均有12個(gè)會(huì)得前列腺癌，有88個(gè)不會(huì)。

在每周喝一瓶葡萄酒的情況下，不抽煙男性患癌的絕對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)提高了1%，與抽5支煙產(chǎn)生的效果相當(dāng)。對(duì)于不抽煙的女性，這個(gè)絕對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)提高了1.4%，與抽10支煙產(chǎn)生的效果相當(dāng)，另外此舉還會(huì)帶來(lái)0.8%罹患乳腺癌的絕對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。換句話說(shuō)，個(gè)人的其他風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素和生活方式選擇會(huì)影響罹患癌癥的概率，但喝這么多的葡萄酒會(huì)進(jìn)一步提升患癌的絕對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

相對(duì)而言，癌癥與使用煙草制品和吸煙之間的關(guān)系已經(jīng)為人所知，不過(guò)研究作者指出，在飲酒方面，公眾往往還不太清楚，即便是適量攝入酒精也會(huì)帶來(lái)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

不過(guò)這并不意味著飲用酒精就沒(méi)有缺點(diǎn)。美國(guó)國(guó)家癌癥研究所（National Cancer Institute）指出，美國(guó)衛(wèi)生與公共服務(wù)部（U.S. Department of Health and Human Services）將飲用酒精列為了已知致癌因素，并認(rèn)為它與乳腺癌、結(jié)腸癌、食道癌與肝癌都有關(guān)系。（財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)）

譯者：嚴(yán)匡正

If you think a glass of wine a few nights a week can’t be that bad for your health, consider that it could be the healthy equivalent of smoking five to 10 cigarettes. That’s according to a new study published in the journal BMC Public Health, in which researchers looked at how one type of vice that causes cancer—smoking—compared with another.

The research focused on the absolute lifetime risk of drinking one bottle of wine a week. Absolute risk, as defined by the Mayo Clinic, is how likely a person is to develop a condition over their entire life. So for example, on average, American men have a 12% absolute risk of developing prostate cancer, meaning 12 out of 100 will develop the cancer, and 88 out of 100 men will not.

In the case of drinking a bottle of wine every week, non-smoking men’s absolute risk increased 1%, or roughly the equivalent of smoking five cigarettes. In non-smoking women, the absolute risk rose 1.4%, the equivalent of smoking 10 cigarettes, with a 0.8% absolute risk of breast cancer. In other words, depending on an individual’s other risk factors and lifestyle choices related to their likelihood of developing cancer, drinking that much wine could further elevate their risk rate.

The link between cancer and using tobacco products and smoking is relatively well understood, but when it comes to drinking, the study authors noted that the risks of even somewhat moderate alcohol consumption are often a little less obvious to the public.

But that doesn’t mean that drinking alcohol doesn’t have its drawbacks. The National Cancer Institute notes that the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services lists the consumption of alcohol as a known human carcinogen and accordingly, it is linked to various cancers including those of the breast, colon, esophagus, and liver.