美國國土安全部近期給出了對抗疫情期間“關(guān)鍵”行業(yè)和工種的名單。約翰斯·霍普金斯大學(xué)新型冠狀病毒追蹤機構(gòu)在上周五稱,這份清單是一個建議性清單,并非聯(lián)邦政府的指令。
特朗普總統(tǒng)周一說:“如果你在國土安全部所定義的關(guān)鍵基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施行業(yè)工作,例如醫(yī)療服務(wù)、制藥和食品供應(yīng),那么你便肩負(fù)著維持自身正常工作計劃的特殊責(zé)任?!?/p>
與此同時,根據(jù)國土安全部網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全與基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施安全局的劃分,被認(rèn)定為關(guān)鍵基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施行業(yè)工作共有14個工種,包括:
醫(yī)療與公共衛(wèi)生
醫(yī)院與實驗室人員、護工、心理健康工作者、醫(yī)生、護士、研究人員、藥劑師、牙醫(yī)、社會服務(wù)人員以及殯儀館和公墓工作人員。
執(zhí)法、公共安全和現(xiàn)場急救人員
應(yīng)急管理員工,包括警察、消防員、護理人員和急診醫(yī)療技師。該清單還包括911呼叫中心員工,以及那些負(fù)責(zé)應(yīng)急服務(wù)操作的人員。
食品與農(nóng)業(yè)工人
食品與農(nóng)業(yè)工人包括那些在百貨店、藥店、餐館(包括送貨司機)、公司食堂、畜牧養(yǎng)殖工人以及食品和飲料行業(yè)。農(nóng)民、食品加工工人、倉庫工人和食品卡車運輸司機也在清單之中。
能源行業(yè)員工
該門類包括公用設(shè)施、電信員工、天然氣/丙烷員工、電力行業(yè)、工程師、網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全/風(fēng)險管理員工和環(huán)境修復(fù)行業(yè)。
水務(wù)及廢水處理
需要操作和維護飲用水以及廢水/排水基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的雇員。
運輸與物流
包括公共交通行業(yè)員工、汽車修理和維護工人、環(huán)衛(wèi)工人、郵政和快遞員、空中交通管制人員、空運員工、調(diào)度員以及維護和修理技師,倉庫員工、卡車停車站和休息區(qū)域員工,以及維護和檢查基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的員工。
市政工程
公共行業(yè)雇員指的是操作、檢查和維護大壩、水閘、防洪堤和橋的人員。它還包括監(jiān)管下水道主管線搶修、交通信號和地下公用設(shè)施的員工。
通訊與信息技術(shù)
技術(shù)人員、運營商、呼叫中心、有線/無線通訊服務(wù)提供商、電纜服務(wù)提供商、衛(wèi)星運營商以及通訊設(shè)備制造商和經(jīng)銷商。為無線電、電視和媒體服務(wù)提供支持的員工亦在名單之列,包括搜集和報道新聞的新聞記者、工作室和技術(shù)人員。其他人員還包括數(shù)據(jù)中心操作員工、高壓交流電和電氣工程師、安保、IT經(jīng)理、軟硬件工程師以及數(shù)據(jù)庫管理人員。
其他基于社區(qū)的政府運行和重要功能
選舉員工、建筑工人、安保人員、貿(mào)易官員、天氣預(yù)報人員、海關(guān)和教育行業(yè)雇員。
關(guān)鍵制造
物資和產(chǎn)品制造領(lǐng)域必要的員工,包括醫(yī)療供應(yīng)鏈、運輸、能源、通訊、食品和農(nóng)業(yè)、化學(xué)物品生產(chǎn)、核設(shè)施,水壩、水及廢水處理操作、應(yīng)急服務(wù)和國防工業(yè)基地。
危險物資
核設(shè)施員工、管理醫(yī)療廢物的員工、管理制藥和醫(yī)療物資生產(chǎn)廢物的員工,以及在實驗室處理測試試劑的員工。
金融服務(wù)
銀行雇員和其他金融/借貸機構(gòu),以及確保自動取款機正常工作的服務(wù)人員。
化工行業(yè)工人
為化學(xué)和工業(yè)氣體供應(yīng)鏈提供支持的工人,包括化學(xué)產(chǎn)品制造工廠員工、實驗室員工、輸送設(shè)施員工、為工業(yè)和消費品生產(chǎn)商運輸基礎(chǔ)化學(xué)原材料的員工,這些消費品包括洗手液、食品和食品添加劑、醫(yī)藥、紡織和紙類產(chǎn)品。
國防工業(yè)基地
為聯(lián)邦政府和美國軍隊保障國家安全所必需服務(wù)提供支持的員工。這些人員包括但不限于,航空、機械和軟件工程師、制造/生產(chǎn)工人;IT支持;安保人員;安全人員;情報支持;飛機和武器系統(tǒng)機械師和維護師。
為公司和其轉(zhuǎn)包商工作的員工,這些員工按照與國防部的合同提供物資和服務(wù),對象包括國防部、政府所有或承包商運營以及政府所有或政府運營的設(shè)施。(財富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:馮豐
審校:夏林
美國國土安全部近期給出了對抗疫情期間“關(guān)鍵”行業(yè)和工種的名單。約翰斯·霍普金斯大學(xué)新型冠狀病毒追蹤機構(gòu)在上周五稱,這份清單是一個建議性清單,并非聯(lián)邦政府的指令。
特朗普總統(tǒng)周一說:“如果你在國土安全部所定義的關(guān)鍵基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施行業(yè)工作,例如醫(yī)療服務(wù)、制藥和食品供應(yīng),那么你便肩負(fù)著維持自身正常工作計劃的特殊責(zé)任。”
與此同時,根據(jù)國土安全部網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全與基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施安全局的劃分,被認(rèn)定為關(guān)鍵基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施行業(yè)工作共有14個工種,包括:
醫(yī)療與公共衛(wèi)生
醫(yī)院與實驗室人員、護工、心理健康工作者、醫(yī)生、護士、研究人員、藥劑師、牙醫(yī)、社會服務(wù)人員以及殯儀館和公墓工作人員。
執(zhí)法、公共安全和現(xiàn)場急救人員
應(yīng)急管理員工,包括警察、消防員、護理人員和急診醫(yī)療技師。該清單還包括911呼叫中心員工,以及那些負(fù)責(zé)應(yīng)急服務(wù)操作的人員。
食品與農(nóng)業(yè)工人
食品與農(nóng)業(yè)工人包括那些在百貨店、藥店、餐館(包括送貨司機)、公司食堂、畜牧養(yǎng)殖工人以及食品和飲料行業(yè)。農(nóng)民、食品加工工人、倉庫工人和食品卡車運輸司機也在清單之中。
能源行業(yè)員工
該門類包括公用設(shè)施、電信員工、天然氣/丙烷員工、電力行業(yè)、工程師、網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全/風(fēng)險管理員工和環(huán)境修復(fù)行業(yè)。
水務(wù)及廢水處理
需要操作和維護飲用水以及廢水/排水基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的雇員。
運輸與物流
包括公共交通行業(yè)員工、汽車修理和維護工人、環(huán)衛(wèi)工人、郵政和快遞員、空中交通管制人員、空運員工、調(diào)度員以及維護和修理技師,倉庫員工、卡車停車站和休息區(qū)域員工,以及維護和檢查基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的員工。
市政工程
公共行業(yè)雇員指的是操作、檢查和維護大壩、水閘、防洪堤和橋的人員。它還包括監(jiān)管下水道主管線搶修、交通信號和地下公用設(shè)施的員工。
通訊與信息技術(shù)
技術(shù)人員、運營商、呼叫中心、有線/無線通訊服務(wù)提供商、電纜服務(wù)提供商、衛(wèi)星運營商以及通訊設(shè)備制造商和經(jīng)銷商。為無線電、電視和媒體服務(wù)提供支持的員工亦在名單之列,包括搜集和報道新聞的新聞記者、工作室和技術(shù)人員。其他人員還包括數(shù)據(jù)中心操作員工、高壓交流電和電氣工程師、安保、IT經(jīng)理、軟硬件工程師以及數(shù)據(jù)庫管理人員。
其他基于社區(qū)的政府運行和重要功能
選舉員工、建筑工人、安保人員、貿(mào)易官員、天氣預(yù)報人員、海關(guān)和教育行業(yè)雇員。
關(guān)鍵制造
物資和產(chǎn)品制造領(lǐng)域必要的員工,包括醫(yī)療供應(yīng)鏈、運輸、能源、通訊、食品和農(nóng)業(yè)、化學(xué)物品生產(chǎn)、核設(shè)施,水壩、水及廢水處理操作、應(yīng)急服務(wù)和國防工業(yè)基地。
危險物資
核設(shè)施員工、管理醫(yī)療廢物的員工、管理制藥和醫(yī)療物資生產(chǎn)廢物的員工,以及在實驗室處理測試試劑的員工。
金融服務(wù)
銀行雇員和其他金融/借貸機構(gòu),以及確保自動取款機正常工作的服務(wù)人員。
化工行業(yè)工人
為化學(xué)和工業(yè)氣體供應(yīng)鏈提供支持的工人,包括化學(xué)產(chǎn)品制造工廠員工、實驗室員工、輸送設(shè)施員工、為工業(yè)和消費品生產(chǎn)商運輸基礎(chǔ)化學(xué)原材料的員工,這些消費品包括洗手液、食品和食品添加劑、醫(yī)藥、紡織和紙類產(chǎn)品。
國防工業(yè)基地
為聯(lián)邦政府和美國軍隊保障國家安全所必需服務(wù)提供支持的員工。這些人員包括但不限于,航空、機械和軟件工程師、制造/生產(chǎn)工人;IT支持;安保人員;安全人員;情報支持;飛機和武器系統(tǒng)機械師和維護師。
為公司和其轉(zhuǎn)包商工作的員工,這些員工按照與國防部的合同提供物資和服務(wù),對象包括國防部、政府所有或承包商運營以及政府所有或政府運營的設(shè)施。(財富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:馮豐
審校:夏林
As more states like California and New York are ordering its millions of residents to stay home because of the coronavirus, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has listed which industries and workers are “essential” to fighting the pandemic.
The list of essential employees—which is advisory, not a federal directive—was made as the U.S. has more than 16,000 confirmed cases of the virus, according to the Johns Hopkins University coronavirus tracker on Friday.
“If you work in a critical infrastructure industry, as defined by the Department of Homeland Security, such as health care services and pharmaceutical and food supply, you have a special responsibility to maintain your normal work schedule,” President Donald Trump said Monday.
And, according to the DHS Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency?(CISA), there are 14 employment categories that the agency identifies as Essential Critical Infrastructure Workers. These include:
Health care and public health workers
Hospital and laboratory personnel, caregivers, mental health workers, doctors, nurses, researchers, pharmacists, dentists, social workers, technicians, as well as funeral home and cemetery workers.
Law enforcement, public safety, and first responders
Emergency management personnel, including police officers, firefighters, paramedics, and emergency medical technicians. The list also includes 911 call center workers and those who oversee emergency service operations.
Food and agriculture workers
Food and agriculture workers include those who work in grocery stores, pharmacies, restaurants (including delivery drivers), company cafeterias, animal agriculture workers, and the food and beverage industries. Farmers, food processing workers, warehouse workers, and food truck delivery drivers are also on the list.
Energy employees
This category includes utilities, telecommunications staffers, natural gas/propane workers, the electricity industry, engineers, cybersecurity/risk management staff, and environmental remediation.
Water and wastewater
Employees needed to operate and maintain drinking water and wastewater/drainage infrastructure.
Transportation and logistics
This includes mass transit workers, auto repair and maintenance workers, trash collectors, postal and shipping workers, air traffic controllers, air transportation employees, dispatchers, maintenance and repair technicians, warehouse workers, truck stop and rest area workers, and workers who maintain and inspect infrastructure.
Public works
Public works employees who operate, inspect and maintain dams, locks, levees, and bridges. This also includes workers who oversee sewer main breaks, traffic signals and buried/underground utilities.
Communications and information technology
Technicians, operators, call centers, wireline and wireless providers, cable service providers, satellite operations, and manufacturers and distributors of communications equipment. Workers who support radio, television, and media service, including news reporters, studio, and technicians for news gathering and reporting, are also included in this category, as well as data center operators, HVAC and electrical engineers, security personnel, IT managers, software and hardware engineers, and database administrators.
Other community-based government operations and essential functions
Elections personnel, building employees, security staff, trade officials, weather forecasters, customs workers, and educators.
Critical manufacturing
Workers necessary for the manufacturing of materials and products needed for medical supply chains, transportation, energy, communications, food and agriculture, chemical manufacturing, nuclear facilities, the operation of dams, water and wastewater treatment, emergency services, and the defense industrial base.
Hazardous materials
Workers at nuclear facilities, workers managing medical waste, workers managing waste from pharmaceuticals and medical material production, and workers at laboratories processing test kits.
Financial services
Bank employees and other financial/lending institutions, as well as those needed to keep ATM services available to consumers.
Chemical workers
Workers supporting the chemical and industrial gas supply chains, including workers at chemical manufacturing plants, workers in laboratories, workers at distribution facilities, workers who transport basic raw chemical materials to the producers of industrial and consumer goods, including hand sanitizers, food and food additives, pharmaceuticals, textiles, and paper products.
Defense industrial base
Workers who support the essential services required to meet national security commitments to the federal government and U.S. military. These individuals, include but are not limited to aerospace; mechanical and software engineers, manufacturing/production workers; IT support; security staff; security personnel; intelligence support, aircraft and weapon systems mechanics and maintainers.
Personnel working for companies, and their subcontractors, who perform under contract to the Department of Defense providing materials and services to the Department of Defense, as well as government-owned/contractor-operated and government-owned/government-operated facilities.