美國郵政局異常明確地宣布:如果沒有國會的資助,公司的資金很有可能在今年9月前耗盡。
為了維持經(jīng)營,郵政局的支持者要求國會提供250億美元的直接援助,重建基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施所需的250億美元設(shè)施現(xiàn)代化撥款,以及140億美元的債務(wù)豁免。由三名共和黨(均由特朗普任命)和兩名民主黨組成的州長郵政局管理委員會在本月早些時候全票通過了這一請求。
在理想情況下,上述資金應(yīng)該足夠郵政局在喬·拜登成為總統(tǒng)候選人之前維持其運營。他曾說過自己打算通過立法工作來支持郵政局,并保持其國有性質(zhì)。
拜登在致其支持者的一封信中寫道:“美國郵政局是美國生活的重要組成部分。然而,在特朗普當選美國總統(tǒng)之后,我們的郵政局受到了攻擊。特朗普呼吁撤銷針對郵政工人的保護,并對郵局進行私有化……特朗普有關(guān)郵政局私有化的謀劃來的可謂真不是時候?!彼€指出,“因此我們需要立即采取行動,保護郵政局。”
盡管郵政局到目前為止并未被納入任何刺激方案,但國會議員、來自密蘇里州的伊曼紐爾·克里夫依然滿懷希望地認為,郵政局在下一輪資助中將多少獲得些資金。4月底,他與122名國會同事一道,給眾議院領(lǐng)導(dǎo)寫了一封信,要求對郵政局進行救助。
他向《財富》透露:“如果郵政局私有化,美國農(nóng)村地區(qū)將受到重創(chuàng)。這意味著,對于本來就認為自己并未受到重視的美國農(nóng)村地區(qū)來說,私有化等于發(fā)出了一個再明顯不過的信號:你們的這個想法沒錯,美國國會對你們并不關(guān)心,而且你們也會因此陷入困境。因為私有化之后,他們收不到郵件,拿不到藥,連對外溝通的機會都沒了。”
在4月早些時候向國會議員的匯報中,郵政部長梅根?布雷南介紹了問題的全貌。盡管郵政局在新冠疫情危機之前便已出現(xiàn)了不可持續(xù)的虧損,但郵件量自疫情發(fā)生之后便出現(xiàn)了難以扭轉(zhuǎn)的急劇下滑。
布雷南指出,郵件量在美國疫情出現(xiàn)后的第一個月下滑了5.3%。到了4月,降幅增至30%。她預(yù)測這一情況只會越來越糟糕:在第三季度末和第四季度末,降幅將達到50%和57%。將于10月1日結(jié)束的2020財年,郵政局預(yù)計將迎來130億美元的營收虧損,完全拜新冠疫情所賜。在疫情發(fā)生之前,美國郵政局年虧損達到了近90億美元。
在新冠疫情引發(fā)的商業(yè)實體關(guān)閉期間,郵政局員工被政府定性為關(guān)鍵崗位。工會官員稱,有1800多名郵政員工已確診感染病毒,或疑似感染,超過30名員工因此而喪生。
佛蒙特州參議員、前總統(tǒng)候選人伯尼?桑德斯上周與郵政工會領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人舉行了一場虛擬市政會。他說,“此時此刻,美國郵政局正面臨著極其嚴峻的挑戰(zhàn)?!?/p>
但總統(tǒng)在4月底簽署的最新國會救助方案并未給郵政局提供任何幫助,特朗普特意稱美國郵政局是“一個笑話”。
全美郵政郵件處理者聯(lián)盟總裁保爾?霍格羅吉安說:“在我看來,郵政局到目前為止被整了三次半。”
如果得不到額外的資助,美國郵政局除了大幅裁員和削減某些服務(wù)之外沒有其他辦法來維持經(jīng)營。郵政局目前擁有64萬名員工,其中很多都是退伍軍人和有色人種。
憲法規(guī)定郵政局必須以統(tǒng)一的價格對美國所有公民提供同等服務(wù)。該公司是郵件服務(wù)唯一的綜合提供商,而且是郵遞行業(yè)的低成本支柱,有助于壓低私營郵遞服務(wù)的費率。政策研究所最近的分析顯示,如果沒有美國郵政,超過7000萬美國民眾將不得不為郵遞服務(wù)支付高昂的費用。
霍格羅吉安解釋說,如果郵政局暫停部分或所有郵遞服務(wù),“那么美國農(nóng)村地區(qū)將被排除在外,或被迫支付高昂的價格?!彼f,處方藥、社保和養(yǎng)老金都無法直接交送給他們,他還強調(diào),40%的美國人依然通過美國郵遞服務(wù)支付和獲取賬單。
政府運營附屬委員會主席共和黨蓋瑞?科諾利表示:“因此,聯(lián)邦快遞和UPS將擇優(yōu)挑選它們希望參與的市場,而且如果市場無利可圖或太偏僻、成本太高,他們也可以放棄?!?/p>
科諾利稱:“這樣做對于郵政局來說并不是什么好事。郵政服務(wù)對于美國的千家萬戶和所有企業(yè)來說至關(guān)重要,因為他們依靠日常的郵政快遞來獲取其處方藥、食品、醫(yī)療設(shè)備、供應(yīng)物資等。就在我們說話之際,人們正在通過郵遞預(yù)定口罩、醫(yī)療物資和處方藥,而且我們甚至通過郵寄選票增加了其負擔(dān)?!?/p>
美國郵遞員聯(lián)合會弗雷德里克?羅蘭多稱,拯救郵政局的唯一方式在于加入即將到來的總統(tǒng)選舉,并為拜登投票。羅蘭多稱,他將全部精力放在了保持郵政局存活的短期舉措上,但即便是潛在的救助金也無法解決長遠問題。
美國郵政局目前是美國最受信賴的政府機構(gòu),其在民主黨和共和黨中的支持率幾乎相同,都達到了90%。雖然該機構(gòu)由聯(lián)邦政府負責(zé)運營,但它在過去30多年的時間中從未獲得過納稅人的資助,而且外界認為其享有獨立財務(wù)。
然而,該機構(gòu)自2006年小布什政府頒布的一項法律出臺之后一直在迅速地虧錢,該法律要求企業(yè)為退休雇員提前支付員工未來75年的醫(yī)療保險。這意味著郵政局必須為還未出生的員工支付今后的醫(yī)療保險。這一負擔(dān)大概占到了該機構(gòu)虧損額的80-90%。
郵政局支持者將其稱之為“橫征暴斂”,他們認為預(yù)先支付計劃是在逼迫郵政局私營化。他們還稱,就算沒有這筆刺激經(jīng)費,納稅人也將被迫為退休福利買單。
霍格羅吉安稱:“2006年的說辭是,郵政局必須立即支付,因為‘我們無法確定郵政局在20年后依然健在,屆時,這筆費用將由納稅人承擔(dān)。不過,如果我們不給公司注資,這種情況現(xiàn)在就會發(fā)生。’”
科諾利稱,盡管500億美元加140億美元的債務(wù)豁免可能看起來過多,但也得看怎么對比,尤其是國會最近通過的2.2萬億美元刺激法案。他說:“雖然索要的金額是不少,但也得看是什么情形?!?/p>
科諾利說:“不妨看看航空業(yè)。該行業(yè)在過去5年中為了實現(xiàn)利潤最大化一直在蒙騙客戶,它們在過去5年中獲得了創(chuàng)紀錄的利潤率。但這些利潤被用來干什么了呢?它們共計耗費了420億美元來回購股票,對生產(chǎn)活動毫無幫助。然后當疫情來臨時,他們畢恭畢敬地向政府索要500億美元的救助金。因此,如果政府能給航空公司拿這筆錢,而且確實也拿了,那么我們當然也可以為美國郵政局做類似的事情。”
最初,國會兩黨均有意為郵政局提供救助金,然而,《華盛頓郵報》的報道稱,特朗普和財政部長史蒂芬?姆努欽橫插一腳,并威脅稱,如果法案中最終存在同意向郵政局直接撥款130億美元的條款,則會否決整個法案。后來,國會僅允許財政部提供100億美元的貸款,而且還附加了相應(yīng)的條件。
科諾利稱,財政部的貸款通常是為了奪走郵政局的自治權(quán),并讓其向私有化邁進。他說:“我們非常擔(dān)心財政部會提出不合理要求,而我們會拒絕。姆努欽[和總統(tǒng)]有自己的小算盤。需要記住的是,作為保守派共和黨,他們并不喜歡郵政局,因為它的規(guī)模太大,屬于準政府機構(gòu),而且有工會?!?/p>
特朗普政府對郵政局的私營化表示支持,而霍格羅吉安稱,他對“政客們試圖使用這一危機來實現(xiàn)其政治目的,而不是代表美國民眾制定好政策的可恥行為”感到不安。2018年財政部任務(wù)組撰寫的一篇報告建議將郵政局的部分業(yè)務(wù)出售給私營領(lǐng)域。
克里夫說,特朗普政府嘗試將郵政局作為“長期政治野心”的“封地”,此舉“臭不可聞?!?/p>
長期以來,總統(tǒng)一直是郵政局的反對者。他并不支持將郵寄選票計劃作為應(yīng)對新冠疫情危機的方式,他強詞奪理地稱此舉會導(dǎo)致選民造假的增加,他還認為郵政局應(yīng)向杰夫?貝佐斯和亞馬遜收取更多的郵費。據(jù)稱,這位總統(tǒng)還親自敦促郵政大臣應(yīng)雙倍征收亞馬遜的郵費。
然而克里夫認為,探討將美國郵政救助納入第四輪刺激法案還是有希望的。他說:“這取決于我們通過刺激法案的迫切程度,還取決于是否還有其他事項安排。我們幾乎每天都會見面探討這件事情。如今的局面是,那些希望獲得農(nóng)村選票的議員們將不得不認真思考如何對此進行投票。”
科諾利依然認為協(xié)商是可行的。他說:“我們在《冠狀病毒援助、救濟和經(jīng)濟安全法案》中非常成功地灌注了白宮、姆努欽部長和參議院多數(shù)黨領(lǐng)袖米奇·邁克康奈爾不愿接受的事物。”例如,民主黨能夠通過協(xié)商為州和當?shù)卣疇幦?500億美元的援助,同時能夠爭取4億美元的費用幫助選舉委員會,并支持郵寄選票。
委員會正在就第四輪刺激法案進行協(xié)商。
科諾利說:“你知道,我們的國會和政府并不團結(jié)。在美國要完成一項事情需要懂得取舍。共和黨和白宮將被迫為郵政提供援助,而且他們將不得不因為國家的原因而暫時擱置其政治目的。”(財富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:馮豐
審校:夏林
美國郵政局異常明確地宣布:如果沒有國會的資助,公司的資金很有可能在今年9月前耗盡。
為了維持經(jīng)營,郵政局的支持者要求國會提供250億美元的直接援助,重建基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施所需的250億美元設(shè)施現(xiàn)代化撥款,以及140億美元的債務(wù)豁免。由三名共和黨(均由特朗普任命)和兩名民主黨組成的州長郵政局管理委員會在本月早些時候全票通過了這一請求。
在理想情況下,上述資金應(yīng)該足夠郵政局在喬·拜登成為總統(tǒng)候選人之前維持其運營。他曾說過自己打算通過立法工作來支持郵政局,并保持其國有性質(zhì)。
拜登在致其支持者的一封信中寫道:“美國郵政局是美國生活的重要組成部分。然而,在特朗普當選美國總統(tǒng)之后,我們的郵政局受到了攻擊。特朗普呼吁撤銷針對郵政工人的保護,并對郵局進行私有化……特朗普有關(guān)郵政局私有化的謀劃來的可謂真不是時候?!彼€指出,“因此我們需要立即采取行動,保護郵政局?!?/p>
盡管郵政局到目前為止并未被納入任何刺激方案,但國會議員、來自密蘇里州的伊曼紐爾·克里夫依然滿懷希望地認為,郵政局在下一輪資助中將多少獲得些資金。4月底,他與122名國會同事一道,給眾議院領(lǐng)導(dǎo)寫了一封信,要求對郵政局進行救助。
他向《財富》透露:“如果郵政局私有化,美國農(nóng)村地區(qū)將受到重創(chuàng)。這意味著,對于本來就認為自己并未受到重視的美國農(nóng)村地區(qū)來說,私有化等于發(fā)出了一個再明顯不過的信號:你們的這個想法沒錯,美國國會對你們并不關(guān)心,而且你們也會因此陷入困境。因為私有化之后,他們收不到郵件,拿不到藥,連對外溝通的機會都沒了?!?/p>
在4月早些時候向國會議員的匯報中,郵政部長梅根?布雷南介紹了問題的全貌。盡管郵政局在新冠疫情危機之前便已出現(xiàn)了不可持續(xù)的虧損,但郵件量自疫情發(fā)生之后便出現(xiàn)了難以扭轉(zhuǎn)的急劇下滑。
布雷南指出,郵件量在美國疫情出現(xiàn)后的第一個月下滑了5.3%。到了4月,降幅增至30%。她預(yù)測這一情況只會越來越糟糕:在第三季度末和第四季度末,降幅將達到50%和57%。將于10月1日結(jié)束的2020財年,郵政局預(yù)計將迎來130億美元的營收虧損,完全拜新冠疫情所賜。在疫情發(fā)生之前,美國郵政局年虧損達到了近90億美元。
在新冠疫情引發(fā)的商業(yè)實體關(guān)閉期間,郵政局員工被政府定性為關(guān)鍵崗位。工會官員稱,有1800多名郵政員工已確診感染病毒,或疑似感染,超過30名員工因此而喪生。
佛蒙特州參議員、前總統(tǒng)候選人伯尼?桑德斯上周與郵政工會領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人舉行了一場虛擬市政會。他說,“此時此刻,美國郵政局正面臨著極其嚴峻的挑戰(zhàn)?!?/p>
但總統(tǒng)在4月底簽署的最新國會救助方案并未給郵政局提供任何幫助,特朗普特意稱美國郵政局是“一個笑話”。
全美郵政郵件處理者聯(lián)盟總裁保爾?霍格羅吉安說:“在我看來,郵政局到目前為止被整了三次半?!?/p>
如果得不到額外的資助,美國郵政局除了大幅裁員和削減某些服務(wù)之外沒有其他辦法來維持經(jīng)營。郵政局目前擁有64萬名員工,其中很多都是退伍軍人和有色人種。
憲法規(guī)定郵政局必須以統(tǒng)一的價格對美國所有公民提供同等服務(wù)。該公司是郵件服務(wù)唯一的綜合提供商,而且是郵遞行業(yè)的低成本支柱,有助于壓低私營郵遞服務(wù)的費率。政策研究所最近的分析顯示,如果沒有美國郵政,超過7000萬美國民眾將不得不為郵遞服務(wù)支付高昂的費用。
霍格羅吉安解釋說,如果郵政局暫停部分或所有郵遞服務(wù),“那么美國農(nóng)村地區(qū)將被排除在外,或被迫支付高昂的價格?!彼f,處方藥、社保和養(yǎng)老金都無法直接交送給他們,他還強調(diào),40%的美國人依然通過美國郵遞服務(wù)支付和獲取賬單。
政府運營附屬委員會主席共和黨蓋瑞?科諾利表示:“因此,聯(lián)邦快遞和UPS將擇優(yōu)挑選它們希望參與的市場,而且如果市場無利可圖或太偏僻、成本太高,他們也可以放棄。”
科諾利稱:“這樣做對于郵政局來說并不是什么好事。郵政服務(wù)對于美國的千家萬戶和所有企業(yè)來說至關(guān)重要,因為他們依靠日常的郵政快遞來獲取其處方藥、食品、醫(yī)療設(shè)備、供應(yīng)物資等。就在我們說話之際,人們正在通過郵遞預(yù)定口罩、醫(yī)療物資和處方藥,而且我們甚至通過郵寄選票增加了其負擔(dān)?!?/p>
美國郵遞員聯(lián)合會弗雷德里克?羅蘭多稱,拯救郵政局的唯一方式在于加入即將到來的總統(tǒng)選舉,并為拜登投票。羅蘭多稱,他將全部精力放在了保持郵政局存活的短期舉措上,但即便是潛在的救助金也無法解決長遠問題。
美國郵政局目前是美國最受信賴的政府機構(gòu),其在民主黨和共和黨中的支持率幾乎相同,都達到了90%。雖然該機構(gòu)由聯(lián)邦政府負責(zé)運營,但它在過去30多年的時間中從未獲得過納稅人的資助,而且外界認為其享有獨立財務(wù)。
然而,該機構(gòu)自2006年小布什政府頒布的一項法律出臺之后一直在迅速地虧錢,該法律要求企業(yè)為退休雇員提前支付員工未來75年的醫(yī)療保險。這意味著郵政局必須為還未出生的員工支付今后的醫(yī)療保險。這一負擔(dān)大概占到了該機構(gòu)虧損額的80-90%。
郵政局支持者將其稱之為“橫征暴斂”,他們認為預(yù)先支付計劃是在逼迫郵政局私營化。他們還稱,就算沒有這筆刺激經(jīng)費,納稅人也將被迫為退休福利買單。
霍格羅吉安稱:“2006年的說辭是,郵政局必須立即支付,因為‘我們無法確定郵政局在20年后依然健在,屆時,這筆費用將由納稅人承擔(dān)。不過,如果我們不給公司注資,這種情況現(xiàn)在就會發(fā)生?!?/p>
科諾利稱,盡管500億美元加140億美元的債務(wù)豁免可能看起來過多,但也得看怎么對比,尤其是國會最近通過的2.2萬億美元刺激法案。他說:“雖然索要的金額是不少,但也得看是什么情形?!?/p>
科諾利說:“不妨看看航空業(yè)。該行業(yè)在過去5年中為了實現(xiàn)利潤最大化一直在蒙騙客戶,它們在過去5年中獲得了創(chuàng)紀錄的利潤率。但這些利潤被用來干什么了呢?它們共計耗費了420億美元來回購股票,對生產(chǎn)活動毫無幫助。然后當疫情來臨時,他們畢恭畢敬地向政府索要500億美元的救助金。因此,如果政府能給航空公司拿這筆錢,而且確實也拿了,那么我們當然也可以為美國郵政局做類似的事情?!?/p>
最初,國會兩黨均有意為郵政局提供救助金,然而,《華盛頓郵報》的報道稱,特朗普和財政部長史蒂芬?姆努欽橫插一腳,并威脅稱,如果法案中最終存在同意向郵政局直接撥款130億美元的條款,則會否決整個法案。后來,國會僅允許財政部提供100億美元的貸款,而且還附加了相應(yīng)的條件。
科諾利稱,財政部的貸款通常是為了奪走郵政局的自治權(quán),并讓其向私有化邁進。他說:“我們非常擔(dān)心財政部會提出不合理要求,而我們會拒絕。姆努欽[和總統(tǒng)]有自己的小算盤。需要記住的是,作為保守派共和黨,他們并不喜歡郵政局,因為它的規(guī)模太大,屬于準政府機構(gòu),而且有工會。”
特朗普政府對郵政局的私營化表示支持,而霍格羅吉安稱,他對“政客們試圖使用這一危機來實現(xiàn)其政治目的,而不是代表美國民眾制定好政策的可恥行為”感到不安。2018年財政部任務(wù)組撰寫的一篇報告建議將郵政局的部分業(yè)務(wù)出售給私營領(lǐng)域。
克里夫說,特朗普政府嘗試將郵政局作為“長期政治野心”的“封地”,此舉“臭不可聞。”
長期以來,總統(tǒng)一直是郵政局的反對者。他并不支持將郵寄選票計劃作為應(yīng)對新冠疫情危機的方式,他強詞奪理地稱此舉會導(dǎo)致選民造假的增加,他還認為郵政局應(yīng)向杰夫?貝佐斯和亞馬遜收取更多的郵費。據(jù)稱,這位總統(tǒng)還親自敦促郵政大臣應(yīng)雙倍征收亞馬遜的郵費。
然而克里夫認為,探討將美國郵政救助納入第四輪刺激法案還是有希望的。他說:“這取決于我們通過刺激法案的迫切程度,還取決于是否還有其他事項安排。我們幾乎每天都會見面探討這件事情。如今的局面是,那些希望獲得農(nóng)村選票的議員們將不得不認真思考如何對此進行投票?!?/p>
科諾利依然認為協(xié)商是可行的。他說:“我們在《冠狀病毒援助、救濟和經(jīng)濟安全法案》中非常成功地灌注了白宮、姆努欽部長和參議院多數(shù)黨領(lǐng)袖米奇·邁克康奈爾不愿接受的事物。”例如,民主黨能夠通過協(xié)商為州和當?shù)卣疇幦?500億美元的援助,同時能夠爭取4億美元的費用幫助選舉委員會,并支持郵寄選票。
委員會正在就第四輪刺激法案進行協(xié)商。
科諾利說:“你知道,我們的國會和政府并不團結(jié)。在美國要完成一項事情需要懂得取舍。共和黨和白宮將被迫為郵政提供援助,而且他們將不得不因為國家的原因而暫時擱置其政治目的?!保ㄘ敻恢形木W(wǎng))
譯者:馮豐
審校:夏林
The U.S. Postal Service has made it explicitly clear: Without a Hail Mary pass from Congress, it will likely run out of money before September of this year.
In order to stay afloat, advocates for the Postal Service are asking Congress for $25 billion in immediate assistance, a $25 billion modernization grant to overhaul infrastructure, and $14 billion in debt forgiveness. The Postal Service Board of Governors, which consists of three Republicans (all of whom were appointed by President Donald Trump) and two Democrats, unanimously approved of the ask earlier this month.
Ideally, that would be enough to sustain the Postal Service until the election of presidential candidate Joe Biden, who has said he plans to back legislation to support the post office and keep it public.
“The U.S. Postal Service is an important part of American life. But, with Donald Trump in the Oval Office, our post offices are under attack,” Biden wrote in a letter to his supporters last week. “Trump has called for rolling back protections for postal workers and privatizing the USPS…Trump’s plot to privatize the USPS couldn’t come at a worse time,” he continued. “So we need to take action now to protect the Postal Service.”
While the post office has not been included in any stimulus packages so far, Congressman Emanuel Cleaver of Missouri still remains hopeful that the Postal Service will get something in the next round of funding. He sent a letter—along with 122 of his congressional colleagues last week—to House leadership, demanding a bailout.
“If the Postal Service is privatized, rural America will be traumatized,” he tells Fortune. “It means that rural America, which already thinks it’s being ignored, will be given a clear and unambiguous sign that they’re right. That they’re not only ignored by the Congress of the United States but that they’re being placed in harm’s way. So not only do they not get mail, they don’t get medications, they don’t get the opportunity to communicate.”
In a briefing with members of Congress earlier this month, Postmaster General Megan Brennan outlined the full extent of the problem. While the Postal Service was losing money at an unsustainable pace before the COVID-19 crisis, it has seen an insuperable and precipitous drop in mail volume since.
There was a 5.3% decline in mail volume, said Brennan, during the first month of the pandemic in the United States. By April, it had grown to 30%. It will only get worse, she predicted: At the end of the third quarter, it will be a 50% drop, and at the end of quarter four, 57%. For this fiscal year, which ends Oct. 1, the Postal Service is predicting a revenue loss of $13 billion, the result exclusively of COVID-19. That’s on top of the nearly $9 billion the USPS had been losing annually before the pandemic.
Post office workers are considered essential during COVID-19 shutdowns. Over 1,800 postal workers have either tested positive or are presumed to be positive with the virus, and there have been over 30 deaths related to COVID-19, according to union officials.
Vermont senator and former presidential candidate Bernie Sanders held a virtual town hall last week with postal union leaders. “At this moment,” he said, the USPS “is facing very difficult challenges.”
But the latest congressional relief package, signed into law by the President on Friday, when he went out of his way to call the USPS “a joke,” provides no support for the Postal Service.
“As far as I’m concerned the Postal Service got screwed three and a half times now,” said Paul Hogrogian, president of the National Postal Mail Handlers Union.
If additional funding is not provided, the USPS would have no way forward without significantly reducing staff and cutting some services. The post office currently employs 640,000 staffers, many of whom are veterans and people of color.
The Postal Service is required by the constitution to serve everyone in the country equally and with uniform rates. They are the only universal provider of mail service and have been a low-cost anchor for the mailing industry, helping to keep private mail service rates down. A recent analysis by the Institute for Policy Studies found that, without the USPS, 70 million more Americans would have to pay hefty surcharges for deliveries.
If the Postal Service were to halt some or all of its deliveries, “rural America would be left out of the equation or be forced to pay exorbitant prices,” explained Hogrogian. Prescription drugs, Social Security, and pension checks would no longer be directly delivered to them, he said, noting that 40% of Americans still pay and receive bills through the U.S. mail.
“So FedEx and UPS get to cherry-pick what markets they want to play in, and if it’s unprofitable or too remote or too expensive, they get to not do it,” said Rep. Gerry Connolly, chairman of the Subcommittee on Government Operations.
“This isn’t just a nice thing to do for the Postal Service. This is essential to every household and every business in America that counts on daily delivery of their prescription drugs, foodstuffs, medical equipment, supplies,” said Connolly. “As we speak, people are ordering masks through the mail, medical supplies, and prescriptions, and we’re even adding to the burden by voting through mail.”
The only way to save the Postal Service, said Fredric Rolando, the president of the National Association of Letter Carriers, is to participate in the upcoming presidential election and vote for Biden. Rolando said he’s focused fully on short-term measures to keep the Postal Service alive, but even potential bailout money won’t provide long-term relief.
The USPS is currently the most trusted government agency in the country with a 90% approval rating divided almost equally among both Democrats and Republicans. While the agency is federally run, it has not received taxpayer funding for more than 30 years and is considered financially independent.
But the agency has been rapidly losing money since a 2006 law, passed with the support of the George W. Bush administration, required the agency to pre-fund employee retiree health benefits for 75 years in the future. That means the Postal Service must pay for the future health care of employees who have not even been born yet. The burden accounts for an estimated 80% to 90% of the agency’s losses.
Postal advocates believe that the pre-funding initiative, which they call “onerous” and “draconian,” was intended to force the Postal Service to privatize. They also say that without the stimulus money, taxpayers will be forced to pay for retiree benefits anyway.
“The line in 2006 was that the Postal Service has to pay upfront now because ‘we’re not sure if they’re going to be around in 20 years, and then the taxpayer will be stuck with the bill,’” said Hogrogian. “But that’s exactly what’s going to happen now if we’re not given this infusion.”
And while $50 billion plus debt forgiveness to the tune of another $14 billion may seem excessive, Connolly said perspective matters, especially in light of the $2.2 trillion stimulus bill recently passed by Congress. “It’s a big ask, but you have to put it into context,” he said.
“Think about the airline industry: Here’s an industry that gouged customers over the last five years to maximize profits, and they’ve had record profits over the last five years. And what did they do with those profits? They used $42 billion collectively to buy back stock. Not a productive activity,” said Connolly. “And then when the pandemic hit, they came hat-in-hand asking for $50 billion for a bailout. So if we can do that for the airline industry, and we did, then we can certainly do something comparable for the Postal Service.”
There was initial bipartisan interest in a bailout of the USPS by Congress, but according to reports by the Washington Post, Trump and Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin stepped in and threatened to veto the entire bill if it included the final agreed upon $13 billion direct grant to the USPS. Instead, they allowed only an additional $10 billion loan from the Treasury, but that comes with strings attached.
Connolly said that the loans taken from the Treasury usually work to take autonomy away from the USPS and bring it closer to privatization. “We are very worried that Treasury will pull our arm, and we’re going to resist it,” he said. “Mnuchin [and the President have] an agenda. You’ve got to remember that they don’t like the Postal Service as conservative Republicans because it’s big, it’s quasi-governmental, and it’s unionized.”
The Trump administration is supportive of privatizing the post office, and Hogrogian said that he was upset by “the shamefulness of them trying to use this crisis to carry out their political agenda, rather than set good policy on behalf of the people of this country.” A 2018 report written by a Treasury Department task force recommended selling off parts of the USPS to the private sector.
The Trump administration’s attempts to use the Postal Service as a “fiefdom” for “l(fā)ong-term political ambitions,” said Cleaver, “gives off a bad odor.”
The President has long advocated against the Postal Service. He does not support vote-by-mail initiatives as a response to the COVID-19 crisis, which he falsely claims would lead to an increase in voter fraud, and he also believes that the USPS should charge Jeff Bezos and Amazon more money for mail services than they do. The President reportedly personally pushed the Postmaster General to double rates for Amazon deliveries.
Still, Cleaver thinks there is a way to negotiate a bailout into the fourth stimulus bill. “It depends on how desperate we are to get the stimulus through, and it also depends on what else is on the table,” he said. “We’ve been meeting almost daily discussing it. Now it’s reached a point where people who are interested in getting that rural vote are going to have to think deeply about how they’re going to vote on this.”
Connolly also thinks negotiation is possible. “We had great success in the CARES Act in injecting things that the White House and Secretary Mnuchin and Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell did not want to accept,” he said. Democrats, for example, were able to negotiate $150 billion for state and local governments and $400 million to help electoral boards and support voting by mail.
Negotiations for stimulus bill four are currently in committee.
“You know, we have a divided Congress and a divided government, and to get things done there’s going to have to be give and take,” Connolly said. “Republicans and the White House are going to have to give postal relief, and they’re going to have to put their agenda aside for the sake of the country.”