為什么在公共廁所必須戴口罩？揚(yáng)州大學(xué)研究結(jié)果讓人細(xì)思極恐
謠傳已久的氣溶膠傳播再一次被證實(shí)。
8月19日，揚(yáng)州大學(xué)科研團(tuán)隊(duì)在期刊《流體物理學(xué)》（Physics of Fluids）上發(fā)表的最新研究結(jié)果顯示，公共廁所是病毒傳播的高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)場(chǎng)所。無(wú)論是沖馬桶還是沖小便池，都可能會(huì)釋放出攜帶大量病毒的氣溶膠。對(duì)此，研究人員建議市民們帶上口罩如廁，并警告稱(chēng)：“疫情期間，公共廁所應(yīng)強(qiáng)制規(guī)定使用者佩戴口罩，各項(xiàng)防擴(kuò)散措施也要跟上，盡最大可能避免病毒傳播?！?/p>
研究人員在論文中指出，沖馬桶和沖小便池本質(zhì)上都具有衛(wèi)生風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)樗鼈兌紩?huì)在空氣中產(chǎn)生氣溶膠，但小便池的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)要更大一些。該實(shí)驗(yàn)采用了一個(gè)特定模型來(lái)追蹤沖廁過(guò)程中氣溶膠顆粒的釋放速率，實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示，如果沖小便池，氣溶膠顆粒只需5秒半左右就可以擴(kuò)散到成年男性的大腿高度，而沖馬桶則需要大約半分鐘。因此，相同的時(shí)間內(nèi)，從小便池中產(chǎn)生出的氣溶膠顆粒往往具有“更猛烈的爬升傾向”。
其實(shí)早在今年2月，國(guó)內(nèi)就已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)有關(guān)糞口傳播的證據(jù)，同時(shí)這也是各大游輪確診病例數(shù)激增的最主要原因。
本次研究結(jié)果也再一次揭示出了新冠病毒的狡詐性，其傳播途徑之多，追蹤判定之難已令多國(guó)政府束手無(wú)策，就算是新西蘭這類(lèi)早期抗疫非常成功的國(guó)家，都未能完全將確診人數(shù)清零。
總而言之，疫情期間，為了健康與安全，在公共廁所還請(qǐng)戴上口罩。（財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)）
編譯：陳怡軒
謠傳已久的氣溶膠傳播再一次被證實(shí)。
8月19日，揚(yáng)州大學(xué)科研團(tuán)隊(duì)在期刊《流體物理學(xué)》（Physics of Fluids）上發(fā)表的最新研究結(jié)果顯示，公共廁所是病毒傳播的高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)場(chǎng)所。無(wú)論是沖馬桶還是沖小便池，都可能會(huì)釋放出攜帶大量病毒的氣溶膠。對(duì)此，研究人員建議市民們帶上口罩如廁，并警告稱(chēng)：“疫情期間，公共廁所應(yīng)強(qiáng)制規(guī)定使用者佩戴口罩，各項(xiàng)防擴(kuò)散措施也要跟上，盡最大可能避免病毒傳播?！?/p>
研究人員在論文中指出，沖馬桶和沖小便池本質(zhì)上都具有衛(wèi)生風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)樗鼈兌紩?huì)在空氣中產(chǎn)生氣溶膠，但小便池的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)要更大一些。該實(shí)驗(yàn)采用了一個(gè)特定模型來(lái)追蹤沖廁過(guò)程中氣溶膠顆粒的釋放速率，實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示，如果沖小便池，氣溶膠顆粒只需5秒半左右就可以擴(kuò)散到成年男性的大腿高度，而沖馬桶則需要大約半分鐘。因此，相同的時(shí)間內(nèi)，從小便池中產(chǎn)生出的氣溶膠顆粒往往具有“更猛烈的爬升傾向”。
其實(shí)早在今年2月，國(guó)內(nèi)就已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)有關(guān)糞口傳播的證據(jù)，同時(shí)這也是各大游輪確診病例數(shù)激增的最主要原因。
本次研究結(jié)果也再一次揭示出了新冠病毒的狡詐性，其傳播途徑之多，追蹤判定之難已令多國(guó)政府束手無(wú)策，就算是新西蘭這類(lèi)早期抗疫非常成功的國(guó)家，都未能完全將確診人數(shù)清零。
總而言之，疫情期間，為了健康與安全，在公共廁所還請(qǐng)戴上口罩。（財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)）
編譯：陳怡軒
Here's one more thing to worry about: Flushing that toilet—or urinal—could spread COVID-19.
A study from Chinese researchers at Yangzhou University on August 19 found that the flushing action from both toilets and urinals can release clouds of virus-teeming aerosols, making public restrooms a potentially risky place for transmission. The researchers' advice: If you're going to use a public restroom, wear a mask. "Wearing a mask should be mandatory within public restrooms during the pandemic, and anti-diffusion improvements are urgently needed to prevent the spread of COVID-19," the researchers warned.
Flushing a toilet or urinal has always posed some kind of hygiene risk, as the action creates an interaction between gas and air. In the paper, titled Virus Transmission from Urinals, published in the journal Physics of Fluids, the researchers found that a urinal was potentially even more risky. The research used a model to track aerosol particles released during flushing, and found that in a urinal, those particles could spread up to a typical man's thigh level in about five and a half seconds, versus around half a minute for a flushing toilet. As a result, flushing from urinals produces a "more violent climbing tendency," the researchers said, adding it's something they had noticed outside of their research.
This latest study builds on previous evidence that COVID-19 can spread through restrooms. As early as February, Chinese researchers flagged that the virus could spread through feces, and one of the virus routes of transmission could be via the "fecal-oral" route—a particular worry on cruise ships.
Queasiness aside, the research highlights just how difficult it is to track and understand the many sources of virus transmission—a struggle that is frustrating even the most diligent governments the world over, including New Zealand, which previously announced it had contained the virus. And it appears to underscore a simple message to life in the COVID-19 era: If you must use a public toilet, bring your mask.
