10萬(wàn)家因疫情臨時(shí)停業(yè)的美國(guó)商鋪已徹底倒閉
Anne Sraders, Lance Lambert
2020-10-07
春天的停工停產(chǎn)沉重打擊了美容美發(fā)沙龍、日托中心和紋身店的老板們。
在新冠疫情剛開(kāi)始時(shí)，Yelp.com上有140,104家店標(biāo)注為臨時(shí)關(guān)閉，但到8月，臨時(shí)關(guān)閉的店鋪降至65,769家。然而，出現(xiàn)這種變化并不完全是因?yàn)榻?jīng)濟(jì)重啟；相反，有許多店鋪干脆就徹底關(guān)門(mén)大吉了。根據(jù)Yelp.com的當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)影響報(bào)告，超過(guò)97,966家企業(yè)在疫情期間永久關(guān)閉。
臨時(shí)停業(yè)變成了永久關(guān)門(mén)。數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)源：Yelp Closure Data
而且情況只會(huì)變得更糟。
雖然很多行業(yè)已經(jīng)開(kāi)始恢復(fù)經(jīng)濟(jì)活力，但仍有大量小企業(yè)在苦苦掙扎，表示需要進(jìn)一步的經(jīng)濟(jì)援助和刺激措施才能夠活下來(lái)。
事實(shí)上，“如果經(jīng)濟(jì)繼續(xù)維持在這種速度，五分之一的企業(yè)主預(yù)計(jì)最早要等到今年年底情況才可以好轉(zhuǎn)?！眹?guó)家獨(dú)立企業(yè)聯(lián)盟（National Federation of Independent Business）負(fù)責(zé)聯(lián)邦政府關(guān)系事務(wù)的副主席凱文·庫(kù)爾曼向《財(cái)富》雜志表示，該聯(lián)盟是一個(gè)非營(yíng)利性的小企業(yè)游說(shuō)組織。
但并不是所有的小企業(yè)都受到了同等程度的影響。紐約聯(lián)邦儲(chǔ)備銀行（Federal Reserve Bank of New York）8月的一份報(bào)告顯示，從2月到4月，還開(kāi)門(mén)的黑人小企業(yè)主的數(shù)量下降了41%（幾乎是非黑人企業(yè)主數(shù)量的兩倍），原因是他們中有許多人難以獲得薪資保障計(jì)劃等項(xiàng)目的資源。
然而，新的紓困方案仍懸而未決。盡管美國(guó)財(cái)政部部長(zhǎng)史蒂夫·姆努欽曾經(jīng)表示，單獨(dú)通過(guò)薪資保障計(jì)劃將是為小企業(yè)提供額外幫助的“最簡(jiǎn)單”方式（因?yàn)橛谐^(guò)1300億美元的未動(dòng)用資金），但國(guó)會(huì)目前仍然因?yàn)榱硗庖豁?xiàng)計(jì)劃陷入僵局。
與此同時(shí)，通過(guò)薪資保障計(jì)劃獲得貸款企業(yè)的貸款減免部分即將到期，但仍然有許多銀行希望對(duì)流程做出更明確的規(guī)定，與此同時(shí)，一些游說(shuō)組織則呼吁對(duì)小規(guī)模貸款實(shí)施全額減免。（財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)）
譯者：Agatha
春天的停工停產(chǎn)沉重打擊了美容美發(fā)沙龍、日托中心和紋身店的老板們。
在新冠疫情剛開(kāi)始時(shí)，Yelp.com上有140,104家店標(biāo)注為臨時(shí)關(guān)閉，但到8月，臨時(shí)關(guān)閉的店鋪降至65,769家。然而，出現(xiàn)這種變化并不完全是因?yàn)榻?jīng)濟(jì)重啟；相反，有許多店鋪干脆就徹底關(guān)門(mén)大吉了。根據(jù)Yelp.com的當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)影響報(bào)告，超過(guò)97,966家企業(yè)在疫情期間永久關(guān)閉。
臨時(shí)停業(yè)變成了永久關(guān)門(mén)。數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)源：Yelp Closure Data
而且情況只會(huì)變得更糟。
雖然很多行業(yè)已經(jīng)開(kāi)始恢復(fù)經(jīng)濟(jì)活力，但仍有大量小企業(yè)在苦苦掙扎，表示需要進(jìn)一步的經(jīng)濟(jì)援助和刺激措施才能夠活下來(lái)。
事實(shí)上，“如果經(jīng)濟(jì)繼續(xù)維持在這種速度，五分之一的企業(yè)主預(yù)計(jì)最早要等到今年年底情況才可以好轉(zhuǎn)?！眹?guó)家獨(dú)立企業(yè)聯(lián)盟（National Federation of Independent Business）負(fù)責(zé)聯(lián)邦政府關(guān)系事務(wù)的副主席凱文·庫(kù)爾曼向《財(cái)富》雜志表示，該聯(lián)盟是一個(gè)非營(yíng)利性的小企業(yè)游說(shuō)組織。
但并不是所有的小企業(yè)都受到了同等程度的影響。紐約聯(lián)邦儲(chǔ)備銀行（Federal Reserve Bank of New York）8月的一份報(bào)告顯示，從2月到4月，還開(kāi)門(mén)的黑人小企業(yè)主的數(shù)量下降了41%（幾乎是非黑人企業(yè)主數(shù)量的兩倍），原因是他們中有許多人難以獲得薪資保障計(jì)劃等項(xiàng)目的資源。
然而，新的紓困方案仍懸而未決。盡管美國(guó)財(cái)政部部長(zhǎng)史蒂夫·姆努欽曾經(jīng)表示，單獨(dú)通過(guò)薪資保障計(jì)劃將是為小企業(yè)提供額外幫助的“最簡(jiǎn)單”方式（因?yàn)橛谐^(guò)1300億美元的未動(dòng)用資金），但國(guó)會(huì)目前仍然因?yàn)榱硗庖豁?xiàng)計(jì)劃陷入僵局。
與此同時(shí)，通過(guò)薪資保障計(jì)劃獲得貸款企業(yè)的貸款減免部分即將到期，但仍然有許多銀行希望對(duì)流程做出更明確的規(guī)定，與此同時(shí)，一些游說(shuō)組織則呼吁對(duì)小規(guī)模貸款實(shí)施全額減免。（財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)）
譯者：Agatha
The spring shutdowns delivered a gut punch to owners of businesses from salons and daycare centers to tattoo parlors.
At the onset of the pandemic 140,104 were marked temporarily closed on Yelp.com, but by August that had fallen to 65,769. That drop, however, is not entirely driven by businesses reopening; instead, many have simply gone under. More than 97,966 businesses have permanently shut down during the pandemic, according to Yelp.com's Local Economic Impact Report.
And it may only get worse.
While many parts of the economy have begun to hum again, many small businesses are still struggling and report needing further economic aid and stimulus to survive.
In fact, "if economic trends continue at this rate, one in five business owners anticipates they won’t make it until the end of the year," Kevin Kuhlman, the vice president of federal government relations for the National Federation of Independent Business (NFIB), a nonprofit small-business advocacy group, recently told Fortune.
But not all small businesses have been equally affected. According to a Federal Reserve Bank of New York report in August, the number of active Black small-business owners fell 41% from February through April (nearly twice the rate of non-Black-owned businesses), as many struggled to access programs like the Paycheck Protection Program.
More aid, however, is still up in the air. Although Treasury Secretary Steve Mnuchin has said that passing a standalone PPP bill would be the "easiest" way to get additional help to small businesses (as there is over $130 billion in unused funds), Congress has thus far stalled on passing another package.
Meanwhile, the forgiveness portion for businesses who received loans through the PPP is coming due, although many banks still want more clarity on the process, while advocacy groups have asked smaller loans be forgiven altogether.
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