安德烈?安霍斯是一名來自波特蘭的音樂家,在其歌迷圈中被稱為RAC,2017年,憑借一首重混歌曲《Taring Me Up》,安德烈一舉奪得格萊美獎,但這種成功并沒有讓他的生活容易多少。他指責(zé)數(shù)字經(jīng)濟沒有重視詞曲作家和其他創(chuàng)造性藝術(shù)家的勞動。
安霍斯表示:“音樂產(chǎn)業(yè)徹底完了,大家都說‘Spotify將會拯救我們’,但我不信這一套。他們自己都賺不到錢,不然也不會轉(zhuǎn)型做播客了。”
出于對數(shù)字經(jīng)濟的失望,安霍斯攜手數(shù)名運動鞋、連帽衫設(shè)計師投入了一家初創(chuàng)企業(yè)的懷抱,希望能在實體商品轉(zhuǎn)售市場創(chuàng)造新的收入來源。以安霍斯為例,在狂熱歌迷的推動下,他的新專輯限量版卡帶(如下圖所示)已被炒至950美元的高價。
這家初創(chuàng)公司名為Zora,其創(chuàng)始人聲稱,該公司已經(jīng)解決了他們所謂的“Yeezy”問題。所謂“Yeezy”問題指的是“Yeezy”運動鞋的炒作現(xiàn)象:坎耶?韋斯特以200美元價格推出的限量版Yeezy運動鞋每次都會被人很快搶購一空,隨后這些運動鞋又會被以2000美元的高價轉(zhuǎn)售出去。
Zora的工作則是讓藝術(shù)家和設(shè)計師通過創(chuàng)建數(shù)字通證來獲取部分轉(zhuǎn)售利潤,每枚通證對應(yīng)一件商品,可以用來兌換商品,也可以加價轉(zhuǎn)售他人。在競購的熱潮之中,創(chuàng)作者不但可以將自己的作品售出更高的價格,還能在通證轉(zhuǎn)售時獲取一定收益。
負責(zé)Zora業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展事務(wù)的迪?戈恩斯稱,Zora的主要目標受眾是那些所謂的“潮貨炒家”,即某一品牌或某位創(chuàng)作者的超級粉絲。與Zora有合作關(guān)系的創(chuàng)作者還包括“鞋圈”的知名耐克設(shè)計師杰夫?斯特普爾,他通過Zora平臺出售限量版球鞋。(下圖球鞋掛牌價為160美元,最終以2000美元的價格出售)。
戈恩斯擁有網(wǎng)紅營銷的背景,他表示,Zora正在與NBA及NBA球員就售賣比賽中穿過的球衣進行協(xié)商。
雖然粉絲是Zora用戶群的核心,但其商業(yè)模式的運轉(zhuǎn)也離不開鼓勵投機者購買數(shù)字通證以及新商品上架時的交易熱潮。為了賣出更好的價格,投機者有時可以持有通證長達一年之久。在最終被用于兌換基礎(chǔ)商品之后,通證將被銷毀。
戈恩斯和Zora創(chuàng)始人雅各布?霍恩都是加密貨幣巨頭Coinbase的元老級員工,他們借助區(qū)塊鏈技術(shù)為Zora上的各種商品創(chuàng)建了一一對應(yīng)的通證。比特幣依托的也是區(qū)塊鏈技術(shù),區(qū)別在于其是借助這種技術(shù)來創(chuàng)建不可篡改的所有權(quán)記錄。
區(qū)塊鏈技術(shù)為Zora系統(tǒng)增加了一層安全保障,但也讓Zora上的購買流程變得非常復(fù)雜:消費者要想獲得Zora通證、再出售獲利,首先需要在Zora上創(chuàng)建一個數(shù)字錢包,還要通過Coinbase使用所謂的穩(wěn)定幣(加密貨幣中的“美元”)對錢包進行入金操作。雖然對潮貨炒家而言,這一繁瑣流程可能仍然值得一試,但普通消費者可能就會望而卻步了。與此同時,對于那些純粹想要購買商品的人而言,只要用信用卡就夠了。
Zora并非首家希望借助加密貨幣通證推高稀有商品價值的企業(yè)。總部位于溫哥華的Dapper Labs也在銷售一系列與Dr.Seuss、NBA等知名品牌相關(guān)的數(shù)字商品,并將“區(qū)塊鏈存證、獨一無二”作為這些產(chǎn)品的賣點。另一家名為Nifty的公司也在從事相似業(yè)務(wù),讓藝術(shù)家通過該公司的平臺銷售獨特的數(shù)字印刷作品與繪畫作品,此前因起訴Facebook而聲名鵲起的文克萊沃斯雙胞胎兄弟是該公司的支持者。
然而,這些數(shù)字產(chǎn)品企業(yè)當(dāng)前所代表的仍然只是一個很小的利基市場,沒人知道它們何時能夠得到主流消費者的認可,如果能的話。不過由于Zora出售的是倍受粉絲追捧且獨家銷售的鞋、卡帶、帽衫等實體商品,所以可能更有機會實現(xiàn)突破。
長期以來,轉(zhuǎn)售利潤都是中間商的囊中之物,對安霍斯來說,Zora平臺給了他賺取這部分利潤的機會,不過他也承認,這種合作在很大程度上具有實驗性質(zhì)。
“事實證明,音樂確實還是有價值的,”他如是說到。(財富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:梁宇
審校:夏林
安德烈?安霍斯是一名來自波特蘭的音樂家,在其歌迷圈中被稱為RAC,2017年,憑借一首重混歌曲《Taring Me Up》,安德烈一舉奪得格萊美獎,但這種成功并沒有讓他的生活容易多少。他指責(zé)數(shù)字經(jīng)濟沒有重視詞曲作家和其他創(chuàng)造性藝術(shù)家的勞動。
安霍斯表示:“音樂產(chǎn)業(yè)徹底完了,大家都說‘Spotify將會拯救我們’,但我不信這一套。他們自己都賺不到錢,不然也不會轉(zhuǎn)型做播客了?!?/p>
出于對數(shù)字經(jīng)濟的失望,安霍斯攜手數(shù)名運動鞋、連帽衫設(shè)計師投入了一家初創(chuàng)企業(yè)的懷抱,希望能在實體商品轉(zhuǎn)售市場創(chuàng)造新的收入來源。以安霍斯為例,在狂熱歌迷的推動下,他的新專輯限量版卡帶(如下圖所示)已被炒至950美元的高價。
這家初創(chuàng)公司名為Zora,其創(chuàng)始人聲稱,該公司已經(jīng)解決了他們所謂的“Yeezy”問題。所謂“Yeezy”問題指的是“Yeezy”運動鞋的炒作現(xiàn)象:坎耶?韋斯特以200美元價格推出的限量版Yeezy運動鞋每次都會被人很快搶購一空,隨后這些運動鞋又會被以2000美元的高價轉(zhuǎn)售出去。
Zora的工作則是讓藝術(shù)家和設(shè)計師通過創(chuàng)建數(shù)字通證來獲取部分轉(zhuǎn)售利潤,每枚通證對應(yīng)一件商品,可以用來兌換商品,也可以加價轉(zhuǎn)售他人。在競購的熱潮之中,創(chuàng)作者不但可以將自己的作品售出更高的價格,還能在通證轉(zhuǎn)售時獲取一定收益。
負責(zé)Zora業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展事務(wù)的迪?戈恩斯稱,Zora的主要目標受眾是那些所謂的“潮貨炒家”,即某一品牌或某位創(chuàng)作者的超級粉絲。與Zora有合作關(guān)系的創(chuàng)作者還包括“鞋圈”的知名耐克設(shè)計師杰夫?斯特普爾,他通過Zora平臺出售限量版球鞋。(下圖球鞋掛牌價為160美元,最終以2000美元的價格出售)。
戈恩斯擁有網(wǎng)紅營銷的背景,他表示,Zora正在與NBA及NBA球員就售賣比賽中穿過的球衣進行協(xié)商。
雖然粉絲是Zora用戶群的核心,但其商業(yè)模式的運轉(zhuǎn)也離不開鼓勵投機者購買數(shù)字通證以及新商品上架時的交易熱潮。為了賣出更好的價格,投機者有時可以持有通證長達一年之久。在最終被用于兌換基礎(chǔ)商品之后,通證將被銷毀。
戈恩斯和Zora創(chuàng)始人雅各布?霍恩都是加密貨幣巨頭Coinbase的元老級員工,他們借助區(qū)塊鏈技術(shù)為Zora上的各種商品創(chuàng)建了一一對應(yīng)的通證。比特幣依托的也是區(qū)塊鏈技術(shù),區(qū)別在于其是借助這種技術(shù)來創(chuàng)建不可篡改的所有權(quán)記錄。
區(qū)塊鏈技術(shù)為Zora系統(tǒng)增加了一層安全保障,但也讓Zora上的購買流程變得非常復(fù)雜:消費者要想獲得Zora通證、再出售獲利,首先需要在Zora上創(chuàng)建一個數(shù)字錢包,還要通過Coinbase使用所謂的穩(wěn)定幣(加密貨幣中的“美元”)對錢包進行入金操作。雖然對潮貨炒家而言,這一繁瑣流程可能仍然值得一試,但普通消費者可能就會望而卻步了。與此同時,對于那些純粹想要購買商品的人而言,只要用信用卡就夠了。
Zora并非首家希望借助加密貨幣通證推高稀有商品價值的企業(yè)??偛课挥跍馗缛A的Dapper Labs也在銷售一系列與Dr.Seuss、NBA等知名品牌相關(guān)的數(shù)字商品,并將“區(qū)塊鏈存證、獨一無二”作為這些產(chǎn)品的賣點。另一家名為Nifty的公司也在從事相似業(yè)務(wù),讓藝術(shù)家通過該公司的平臺銷售獨特的數(shù)字印刷作品與繪畫作品,此前因起訴Facebook而聲名鵲起的文克萊沃斯雙胞胎兄弟是該公司的支持者。
然而,這些數(shù)字產(chǎn)品企業(yè)當(dāng)前所代表的仍然只是一個很小的利基市場,沒人知道它們何時能夠得到主流消費者的認可,如果能的話。不過由于Zora出售的是倍受粉絲追捧且獨家銷售的鞋、卡帶、帽衫等實體商品,所以可能更有機會實現(xiàn)突破。
長期以來,轉(zhuǎn)售利潤都是中間商的囊中之物,對安霍斯來說,Zora平臺給了他賺取這部分利潤的機會,不過他也承認,這種合作在很大程度上具有實驗性質(zhì)。
“事實證明,音樂確實還是有價值的,”他如是說到。(財富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:梁宇
審校:夏林
Grammy winner RAC JULES DAVIS
Andre Anjos, known to his fans as RAC, won a Grammy for his 2017 remix of the song "Tearing Me Up," but this success has not made it easy for the Portland musician to make a living. He blames a digital economy that fails to value the labor of songwriters and other creative artists.
"The music industry is fundamentally broken," says Anjos. "Everyone says 'Spotify is going to save us' but I don’t believe it. They’re not profitable, which is why they're pivoting to podcasts."
Frustration with the digital economy has led Anjos, along with a handful of sneaker and hoodie designers, to embrace a new startup in a bid to create a new revenue stream based on a resale market for physical items. In Anjos' case, a frenzy among his fans resulted in a limited edition cassette (like the one seen below) of his new album selling for $950.
The startup is called Zora and its founders claim it has solved what they call the "Yeezy problem"—a reference to the phenomenon of Kanye West releasing a limited edition pair of Yeezy sneakers for $200, only to have a handful of people snap them up and resell them for $2,000.
The premise of Zora is to let artists and designers capture part of that resale value by creating a digital token that can be redeemed for merchandise, or else sold to someone else for a higher price. In the case of a bidding frenzy, the creator not only pockets a higher ultimate price, but part of the fees collected when the token is resold.
Zora's head of business development, Dee Goens, says Zora is primarily aimed at "hype beasts"—those consumers who are super fans of a given brand or creator. Other creators using Zora include Jeff Staple, a Nikedesigner famous in sneakerhead circles, who has been selling limited edition shoes on the platform. (The pair below fetched $2000 after being listed initially at $160).
Goens, who has a background in influencer marketing, says Zora is also in talks with the NBA and its players to sell used game jerseys.
While fans are the core of Zora's user base, its business model also relies on encouraging speculators to buy the digital tokens, and creating a burst of trading activity when a new piece of merchandise drops. These speculators can hold the token for up to a year in hopes of getting a better price. When the token is finally redeemed for the underlying piece of merchandise, the token is destroyed.
Both Goens and Zora founder's, Jacob Horne, are veterans of the cryptocurrency giant Coinbase. They deployed blockchain—the same technology that powers Bitcoin to create a tamper-proof record of ownership—to create the tokens that are used as proxies for the merchandise on Zora.
The blockchain element adds a layer of security, but also complexity to Zora's buying process: those wishing to obtain a token and try sell it for more must create a digital wallet on Zora and fund it with so-called stablecoins (digital versions of the US dollar) from Coinbase. This process is likely to prove daunting to casual consumers, though the "hype beasts" among them may decide the rigamarole is worth it. Meanwhile others who simply want to purchase the item can use a credit card.
Zora is not the first company to use cryptocurrency tokens to try and drive up the value of scarce goods. Vancouver-based Dapper Labs is selling an array of digital merchandise tied to famous brands like Dr. Seuss and the NBA, and touting them as unique items stored on a blockchain. In a similar vein, a company called Nifty, backed by the Winklevoss twins of early Facebook fame, is letting artists sell unique digital prints and painting.
These digital goods ventures, however, represent a tiny niche market and it's unclear when, if ever, mainstream consumers will embrace them. Zora, however, may be in a better position for a breakout since it is selling physical stuff—shoes, cassettes, hoodies and so on—that fans crave and that can't be found elsewhere.
For Anjos, aka RAC, a platform like Zora—which he concedes is very much an experiment—represents a chance to capture the resale cash that has long been pocketed by middlemen.
"It turns out music does have value," he says.