目前美國(guó)市場(chǎng)上有兩種新冠疫苗:一種來(lái)自輝瑞(Pfizer)及其合作伙伴BioNTech,另一種來(lái)自生物技術(shù)公司Moderna。二者均在2020年年底獲得了美國(guó)食品與藥品管理局(Food and Drug Administration)的緊急授權(quán)。
新年伊始,新冠疫苗的接種工作進(jìn)展緩慢。目前有資格接種疫苗的人群包括一線醫(yī)務(wù)工作者和相關(guān)后勤保障人員,以及養(yǎng)老院居民等。但根據(jù)公共衛(wèi)生和生命科學(xué)專家的說(shuō)法,究竟能夠得到兩種疫苗中的哪一種,主要取決于接種者的居住地。
目前還無(wú)法預(yù)測(cè)疫苗產(chǎn)量增加后的情況,但有理由認(rèn)為,大城市更有可能獲得需要超低溫存儲(chǔ)的輝瑞疫苗。
盡管輝瑞和Moderna的疫苗使用了同樣的核心科技,而且在臨床實(shí)驗(yàn)中得出的有效性相似,但二者的生產(chǎn)流程、儲(chǔ)存要求和給藥方案不同,這意味著合理的分配策略是推進(jìn)疫苗接種工作的關(guān)鍵。
“美國(guó)的情況比其他許多國(guó)家復(fù)雜得多。”Fluxergy公司的首席商務(wù)官阿里·蒂納茲利說(shuō)。這家位于加州的專業(yè)診斷機(jī)構(gòu)正在開(kāi)發(fā)一種新冠病毒快速檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)。
蒂納茲利認(rèn)為,無(wú)論是輝瑞、Moderna的新冠疫苗,還是未來(lái)有望獲得授權(quán)的,比如阿斯利康(AstraZeneca)和強(qiáng)生(Johnson & Johnson)的疫苗,在美國(guó)進(jìn)行分配,都要采用分層策略。而在一些較小的國(guó)家,可能只需要某一種疫苗即可滿足需求。
美國(guó)的疫苗分配策略幾乎肯定會(huì)依各州、各地區(qū)的瓶頸問(wèn)題,以及所需的劑量不同而變。輝瑞疫苗要求超低溫儲(chǔ)存,可能會(huì)分配給經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的大型醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu),比如妙佑醫(yī)療國(guó)際(Mayo Clinic)。
根據(jù)衛(wèi)生專家的看法,Moderna的冷藏要求相對(duì)常規(guī),可能更易于分發(fā)到偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)。因此,人們具體可以獲得哪種疫苗,大體由居住地所決定。
上周,Moderna宣布,將其2021年新冠疫苗的生產(chǎn)配額提高20%至6億劑,這將覆蓋全球3億人口,因?yàn)榕c輝瑞的一樣,該疫苗也需要注射兩劑。公司稱,到今年6月,美國(guó)預(yù)計(jì)能夠獲得其中的2億劑。
截至1月11日,目前在用的兩種疫苗總共僅分發(fā)了2540萬(wàn)劑,美國(guó)只有約900萬(wàn)人實(shí)際接種了第一劑疫苗。
美國(guó)疾病控制與預(yù)防中心(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)于1月7日發(fā)布了最新的分配策略指南。該計(jì)劃中關(guān)鍵的一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)對(duì)技術(shù)的要求其實(shí)相當(dāng)?shù)停阂粡堃呙缃臃N卡或打印憑證,注明疫苗的種類(lèi)、接種日期和地點(diǎn),再加上一份電子記錄副本。該措施有助于避免輝瑞和Moderna疫苗的混淆。
不過(guò)歸根到底,你會(huì)得到哪一種,將完全取決于你家的郵編、當(dāng)?shù)氐幕A(chǔ)醫(yī)療設(shè)施,以及可用的總劑量。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:胡萌琦
目前美國(guó)市場(chǎng)上有兩種新冠疫苗:一種來(lái)自輝瑞(Pfizer)及其合作伙伴BioNTech,另一種來(lái)自生物技術(shù)公司Moderna。二者均在2020年年底獲得了美國(guó)食品與藥品管理局(Food and Drug Administration)的緊急授權(quán)。
新年伊始,新冠疫苗的接種工作進(jìn)展緩慢。目前有資格接種疫苗的人群包括一線醫(yī)務(wù)工作者和相關(guān)后勤保障人員,以及養(yǎng)老院居民等。但根據(jù)公共衛(wèi)生和生命科學(xué)專家的說(shuō)法,究竟能夠得到兩種疫苗中的哪一種,主要取決于接種者的居住地。
目前還無(wú)法預(yù)測(cè)疫苗產(chǎn)量增加后的情況,但有理由認(rèn)為,大城市更有可能獲得需要超低溫存儲(chǔ)的輝瑞疫苗。
盡管輝瑞和Moderna的疫苗使用了同樣的核心科技,而且在臨床實(shí)驗(yàn)中得出的有效性相似,但二者的生產(chǎn)流程、儲(chǔ)存要求和給藥方案不同,這意味著合理的分配策略是推進(jìn)疫苗接種工作的關(guān)鍵。
“美國(guó)的情況比其他許多國(guó)家復(fù)雜得多?!盕luxergy公司的首席商務(wù)官阿里·蒂納茲利說(shuō)。這家位于加州的專業(yè)診斷機(jī)構(gòu)正在開(kāi)發(fā)一種新冠病毒快速檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)。
蒂納茲利認(rèn)為,無(wú)論是輝瑞、Moderna的新冠疫苗,還是未來(lái)有望獲得授權(quán)的,比如阿斯利康(AstraZeneca)和強(qiáng)生(Johnson & Johnson)的疫苗,在美國(guó)進(jìn)行分配,都要采用分層策略。而在一些較小的國(guó)家,可能只需要某一種疫苗即可滿足需求。
美國(guó)的疫苗分配策略幾乎肯定會(huì)依各州、各地區(qū)的瓶頸問(wèn)題,以及所需的劑量不同而變。輝瑞疫苗要求超低溫儲(chǔ)存,可能會(huì)分配給經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的大型醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu),比如妙佑醫(yī)療國(guó)際(Mayo Clinic)。
根據(jù)衛(wèi)生專家的看法,Moderna的冷藏要求相對(duì)常規(guī),可能更易于分發(fā)到偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)。因此,人們具體可以獲得哪種疫苗,大體由居住地所決定。
上周,Moderna宣布,將其2021年新冠疫苗的生產(chǎn)配額提高20%至6億劑,這將覆蓋全球3億人口,因?yàn)榕c輝瑞的一樣,該疫苗也需要注射兩劑。公司稱,到今年6月,美國(guó)預(yù)計(jì)能夠獲得其中的2億劑。
截至1月11日,目前在用的兩種疫苗總共僅分發(fā)了2540萬(wàn)劑,美國(guó)只有約900萬(wàn)人實(shí)際接種了第一劑疫苗。
美國(guó)疾病控制與預(yù)防中心(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)于1月7日發(fā)布了最新的分配策略指南。該計(jì)劃中關(guān)鍵的一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)對(duì)技術(shù)的要求其實(shí)相當(dāng)?shù)停阂粡堃呙缃臃N卡或打印憑證,注明疫苗的種類(lèi)、接種日期和地點(diǎn),再加上一份電子記錄副本。該措施有助于避免輝瑞和Moderna疫苗的混淆。
不過(guò)歸根到底,你會(huì)得到哪一種,將完全取決于你家的郵編、當(dāng)?shù)氐幕A(chǔ)醫(yī)療設(shè)施,以及可用的總劑量。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:胡萌琦
There's two vaccines on the market currently: one from Pfizer and partner BioNTech and another from the biotech Moderna. Both received Food and Drug Administration (FDA) emergency authorization at the end of 2020.
But the New Year has brought with it a slow rollout for those currently eligible to receive their coronavirus shots, such as frontline health care workers, their support staff, and nursing home residents. But for those able to get vaccinated, which one of the two vaccines one might receive will largely boil down to where you live, according to public health and life sciences experts.
It's still too early to tell how things will shake out once production of these vaccines ramps up, but it's reasonable to assume that bigger cities may have better access to the vaccine that requires colder storage—the vaccine from Pfizer.
While Pfizer's and Moderna's respective vaccines stem from the same cool science and have shown similar rates of effectiveness in clinical trials, they have different manufacturing processes, storage requirements, and dosing regimens, meaning that a strong distribution strategy is key.
"It's much more complex in the United States than in many other countries," says Ali Tinazli, the chief commercial officer at Fluxergy, a California-based diagnostics specialist that is developing a rapid response COVID testing system.
Tinazli believes that any strategy of distributing the Pfizer and Moderna COVID vaccines—and other potential vaccines that will receive authorization in the future such as AstraZeneca's and Johnson & Johnson's—in this country will require a layered approach, whereas in smaller nations there may be deals for one specific vaccine or another to suit their needs.
The U.S. strategy will almost certainly evolve as states and locales identify various bottlenecks and figure out their individual needs for doses. Pfizer's vaccine, which requires ultracool storage, might be routed to large health systems with more sophisticated abilities such as the Mayo Clinic.
Moderna's, which comes with more conventional cooling requirements, may be easier to dole out to rural areas, according to health experts. So location will almost certainly dictate which one you receive.
Last week, Moderna announced that it would boost its 2021 production quota for its COVID shot by 20% to 600 million doses, which would reach 300 million people globally since the product, like Pfizer's, requires two doses. The U.S. is expected to have access to 200 million of those doses by June, according to the company.
As of Jan. 11, just 25.4 million doses, including both of the vaccines currently being used, had been distributed, and only about 9 million people had actually received the first dose of a vaccine in the U.S.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued updated guidance on the issue on distribution strategies on Jan. 7. A key element of the program is decidedly low-tech: a vaccination card or printout that tells you which vaccine you received and the date and location of the shot's administration, alongside an electronic record copy. That would help prevent mixups between the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines.
But at the end of the day, which one you receive will boil down to your zip code, local health care infrastructure, and the total number of available doses.