它被譽(yù)為“永恒之王”。然而這里指的并非是懷特那本有關(guān)亞瑟王的書作,而是現(xiàn)金。
一些精明的投資者正重提“現(xiàn)金為王”這個(gè)術(shù)語。他們加大了對這款最保守投資工具的押注,并準(zhǔn)備在這個(gè)他們看來市場過熱、未來撲朔迷離的時(shí)期,欣然把握其帶來的各種機(jī)遇。
到底該持有多少現(xiàn)金?
英聯(lián)邦金融網(wǎng)(Commonwealth Financial Network)投資管理負(fù)責(zé)人布萊恩·普萊斯表示,在這一方面,金融顧問通常都奉行一條金科玉律:以現(xiàn)金的形式持有3-6個(gè)月的費(fèi)用,并將其作為應(yīng)急資金,同時(shí)保留足夠的“近期流動(dòng)性”,來支付同一時(shí)期可預(yù)見的費(fèi)用。
佛羅里達(dá)海灣海岸大學(xué)金融學(xué)教授湯姆·斯邁思表示:“對于我來說,正常市場中的現(xiàn)金基本上就是交易、應(yīng)急資金,差不多就是這樣。人們98%的資產(chǎn)組合可能都是股票和債券”,現(xiàn)金只占2%。
當(dāng)前的市場并不正常。標(biāo)普Capital IQ的數(shù)據(jù)顯示,標(biāo)普500市盈率倍數(shù)達(dá)到了數(shù)年來的第二高位。
這一現(xiàn)象導(dǎo)致一些人改變了其推薦。斯邁思說:“我想說的是,人們?nèi)缃窨赡軙?huì)讓現(xiàn)金的占比達(dá)到5%-10%。New York Life Investments多資產(chǎn)投資組合策略師勞倫·古德溫表示,“通常,投資者希望在預(yù)期的市場回挫過程中構(gòu)建其現(xiàn)金頭寸?!彼赋?,這里還存在大量的不確定性。
NEPC合伙人兼私人財(cái)富團(tuán)隊(duì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人卡倫·哈丁表示:“我們認(rèn)為,如今可能的結(jié)果范圍要比以往更加寬泛。我擔(dān)心的是,股票價(jià)格的上升會(huì)導(dǎo)致拋售?!惫≌f,現(xiàn)金則能夠成為“抄底”行為的“滅火器”。例如,如果標(biāo)普500的跌幅超過30%,就像其在2020年2月19日至3月23日那樣,投資者可能會(huì)大量購買最終有望再次上揚(yáng)的股票。
Per Stirling Capital Management財(cái)富與資產(chǎn)組合管理公司總監(jiān)羅伯特·菲普斯III表示:“如今市場上存在著海量的杠桿。我確實(shí)認(rèn)為[債券]利率正處于上揚(yáng)階段,而且通脹也在增長。如果FAANG[主流科技公司]股票因利率的提升而受挫,那么指數(shù)投資者獲得可觀回報(bào)的難度就會(huì)更大?!?/p>
菲普斯將其公司的資產(chǎn)組合現(xiàn)金占比提升至反常的30%,以便能夠在動(dòng)蕩環(huán)境下迅速進(jìn)行資金部署?!爱?dāng)有很大的機(jī)會(huì)獲得高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)調(diào)整后回報(bào)時(shí),我希望擁有大量的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)敞口。”他將目光瞄向了周期股以及價(jià)值股,這些股票“在比較增長方面看起來比我投資歷史上的任何時(shí)期都要好?!?/p>
避免割肉
對于大多數(shù)投資者來說,通過拋售現(xiàn)有股票來套取利潤然后變現(xiàn)的操作可能是不明智的。這里不僅涉及資本收益稅,同時(shí)對于長線投資者來說,即便市場上存在拋售,股票價(jià)格也有可能最終會(huì)回歸當(dāng)前的水平。與此同時(shí),即便你預(yù)見到了拋售,但完美地掌握這一市場時(shí)機(jī)幾乎是不可能的事情。Wealthspire Advisors董事總經(jīng)理阿維瓦·品托稱:“就像是用手接下落的刀一樣。你可能會(huì)在市場下跌的時(shí)候買入,或在市場依然上揚(yáng)時(shí)出售?!?/p>
然而在現(xiàn)金為王的策略之下,像股息、收益分配和額外儲(chǔ)蓄這樣的新資金可以進(jìn)入你的經(jīng)紀(jì)結(jié)算賬戶,然后在自己重新平衡資產(chǎn)組合時(shí)使用,例如銷售虧損資產(chǎn)、購買更有潛力的資產(chǎn)等,從而確保獲得最佳業(yè)績。
此外,將新資金以現(xiàn)金形式留存“能夠讓我們在重新平衡資產(chǎn)時(shí)無需銷售應(yīng)稅賬戶的頭寸,這樣便可避免不利的稅收費(fèi)用?!?/p>
現(xiàn)金也有不足之處:通脹。隨著價(jià)格逐漸提升,現(xiàn)金的價(jià)值就會(huì)下跌,除非將現(xiàn)金放在一個(gè)利率能夠跑贏通脹的賬戶中,但較高的儲(chǔ)蓄利率如今遠(yuǎn)低于1%,因此通脹會(huì)蠶食掉你的資產(chǎn)。
在正常時(shí)期,很多現(xiàn)金都會(huì)流向固定收益資產(chǎn),并作為對持有股票的平衡手段。然而,不管當(dāng)前的價(jià)值如何,那些資產(chǎn)組合中原本應(yīng)該比較“安全”的部分所產(chǎn)生的收益也都是乏善可陳。固定收益和現(xiàn)金之間的表現(xiàn)差異是如此之低,以至于“基本上沒什么收益”,哈丁說道。
然而,有鑒于股價(jià)處于或接近歷史新高,而且很多人預(yù)測股價(jià)終究會(huì)走下神壇,因此持有現(xiàn)金確實(shí)會(huì)為你提供押注終極逆勢的能力:如果股市一蹶不振,當(dāng)其他人在恐慌拋售時(shí),你卻已然為抄底做好了準(zhǔn)備。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:馮豐
審校:夏林
它被譽(yù)為“永恒之王”。然而這里指的并非是懷特那本有關(guān)亞瑟王的書作,而是現(xiàn)金。
一些精明的投資者正重提“現(xiàn)金為王”這個(gè)術(shù)語。他們加大了對這款最保守投資工具的押注,并準(zhǔn)備在這個(gè)他們看來市場過熱、未來撲朔迷離的時(shí)期,欣然把握其帶來的各種機(jī)遇。
到底該持有多少現(xiàn)金?
英聯(lián)邦金融網(wǎng)(Commonwealth Financial Network)投資管理負(fù)責(zé)人布萊恩·普萊斯表示,在這一方面,金融顧問通常都奉行一條金科玉律:以現(xiàn)金的形式持有3-6個(gè)月的費(fèi)用,并將其作為應(yīng)急資金,同時(shí)保留足夠的“近期流動(dòng)性”,來支付同一時(shí)期可預(yù)見的費(fèi)用。
佛羅里達(dá)海灣海岸大學(xué)金融學(xué)教授湯姆·斯邁思表示:“對于我來說,正常市場中的現(xiàn)金基本上就是交易、應(yīng)急資金,差不多就是這樣。人們98%的資產(chǎn)組合可能都是股票和債券”,現(xiàn)金只占2%。
當(dāng)前的市場并不正常。標(biāo)普Capital IQ的數(shù)據(jù)顯示,標(biāo)普500市盈率倍數(shù)達(dá)到了數(shù)年來的第二高位。
這一現(xiàn)象導(dǎo)致一些人改變了其推薦。斯邁思說:“我想說的是,人們?nèi)缃窨赡軙?huì)讓現(xiàn)金的占比達(dá)到5%-10%。New York Life Investments多資產(chǎn)投資組合策略師勞倫·古德溫表示,“通常,投資者希望在預(yù)期的市場回挫過程中構(gòu)建其現(xiàn)金頭寸?!彼赋觯@里還存在大量的不確定性。
NEPC合伙人兼私人財(cái)富團(tuán)隊(duì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人卡倫·哈丁表示:“我們認(rèn)為,如今可能的結(jié)果范圍要比以往更加寬泛。我擔(dān)心的是,股票價(jià)格的上升會(huì)導(dǎo)致拋售。”哈丁說,現(xiàn)金則能夠成為“抄底”行為的“滅火器”。例如,如果標(biāo)普500的跌幅超過30%,就像其在2020年2月19日至3月23日那樣,投資者可能會(huì)大量購買最終有望再次上揚(yáng)的股票。
Per Stirling Capital Management財(cái)富與資產(chǎn)組合管理公司總監(jiān)羅伯特·菲普斯III表示:“如今市場上存在著海量的杠桿。我確實(shí)認(rèn)為[債券]利率正處于上揚(yáng)階段,而且通脹也在增長。如果FAANG[主流科技公司]股票因利率的提升而受挫,那么指數(shù)投資者獲得可觀回報(bào)的難度就會(huì)更大?!?/p>
菲普斯將其公司的資產(chǎn)組合現(xiàn)金占比提升至反常的30%,以便能夠在動(dòng)蕩環(huán)境下迅速進(jìn)行資金部署?!爱?dāng)有很大的機(jī)會(huì)獲得高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)調(diào)整后回報(bào)時(shí),我希望擁有大量的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)敞口?!彼麑⒛抗饷橄蛄酥芷诠梢约皟r(jià)值股,這些股票“在比較增長方面看起來比我投資歷史上的任何時(shí)期都要好?!?/p>
避免割肉
對于大多數(shù)投資者來說,通過拋售現(xiàn)有股票來套取利潤然后變現(xiàn)的操作可能是不明智的。這里不僅涉及資本收益稅,同時(shí)對于長線投資者來說,即便市場上存在拋售,股票價(jià)格也有可能最終會(huì)回歸當(dāng)前的水平。與此同時(shí),即便你預(yù)見到了拋售,但完美地掌握這一市場時(shí)機(jī)幾乎是不可能的事情。Wealthspire Advisors董事總經(jīng)理阿維瓦·品托稱:“就像是用手接下落的刀一樣。你可能會(huì)在市場下跌的時(shí)候買入,或在市場依然上揚(yáng)時(shí)出售?!?/p>
然而在現(xiàn)金為王的策略之下,像股息、收益分配和額外儲(chǔ)蓄這樣的新資金可以進(jìn)入你的經(jīng)紀(jì)結(jié)算賬戶,然后在自己重新平衡資產(chǎn)組合時(shí)使用,例如銷售虧損資產(chǎn)、購買更有潛力的資產(chǎn)等,從而確保獲得最佳業(yè)績。
此外,將新資金以現(xiàn)金形式留存“能夠讓我們在重新平衡資產(chǎn)時(shí)無需銷售應(yīng)稅賬戶的頭寸,這樣便可避免不利的稅收費(fèi)用。”
現(xiàn)金也有不足之處:通脹。隨著價(jià)格逐漸提升,現(xiàn)金的價(jià)值就會(huì)下跌,除非將現(xiàn)金放在一個(gè)利率能夠跑贏通脹的賬戶中,但較高的儲(chǔ)蓄利率如今遠(yuǎn)低于1%,因此通脹會(huì)蠶食掉你的資產(chǎn)。
在正常時(shí)期,很多現(xiàn)金都會(huì)流向固定收益資產(chǎn),并作為對持有股票的平衡手段。然而,不管當(dāng)前的價(jià)值如何,那些資產(chǎn)組合中原本應(yīng)該比較“安全”的部分所產(chǎn)生的收益也都是乏善可陳。固定收益和現(xiàn)金之間的表現(xiàn)差異是如此之低,以至于“基本上沒什么收益”,哈丁說道。
然而,有鑒于股價(jià)處于或接近歷史新高,而且很多人預(yù)測股價(jià)終究會(huì)走下神壇,因此持有現(xiàn)金確實(shí)會(huì)為你提供押注終極逆勢的能力:如果股市一蹶不振,當(dāng)其他人在恐慌拋售時(shí),你卻已然為抄底做好了準(zhǔn)備。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:馮豐
審校:夏林
Call it “The Once and Future King.” Not T.H. White’s book about Arthur, but cash.
For some savvy investors, the phrase “cash is king” has made a comeback. They’re ramping up a bet on the staidest investment of all, getting ready to pounce on opportunities at a time when they see overheated markets, and uncertainty ahead. The move is bold and can offer strong advantages if done right.
How much cash should you carry?
Financial advisers traditionally have a rule of thumb: Keep three to six months of expenses in cash as an emergency fund as well as enough “near-term liquidity” to cover foreseeable expenses over the same period, says Brian Price, head of investment management at Commonwealth Financial Network.
“For me, basically cash in a normal market is transactions, emergency fund, and that’s about it,” says Tom Smythe, professor of finance at Florida Gulf Coast University. “Probably, 98% of your portfolio is in stocks and bonds,” leaving 2% in cash.
But current markets aren’t normal. The S&P 500’s P/E multiple is the second highest it has been in many years, according to data from S&P Capital IQ.
That's leading some to alter their recommendations. “I would say you’d probably want 5% to 10% in cash now,” Smythe says. “Typically, investors want to build their cash positions in times of anticipated market drawdowns,” adds Lauren Goodwin, a multi-asset portfolio strategist at New York Life Investments. There’s also a lot of uncertainty, she notes.
“The potential range of outcomes today we believe is wider than usual,” echoes Karen Harding, a partner and private wealth team leader at NEPC. “I am afraid equities are expensive and going to sell off.” Cash offers the “dry powder” to bargain hunt, Harding says. If the S&P 500 dropped more than 30% as, for example, it did between Feb. 19 and March 23 in 2020, an investor could load up on stocks that will likely eventually head up again.
“We have incredible amounts of leverage in the markets right now,” said Robert S. Phipps III, director at wealth and portfolio management firm Per Stirling Capital Management. “I do think [bond] rates are headed higher. I do think inflation is headed higher. If the FAANG [major tech] stocks are hurt in higher rates, it will be harder for index investors to get a good return.”
Phipps upped his firm’s portfolio cash allotment to an unusual 30% for quick allocation in turbulent conditions. “I want to have a lot of risk exposure when there is a strong availability of high risk-adjusted returns.” He’s eyeing cyclicals as well as value stocks, which “l(fā)ook better now for comparative growth than any time in my investing history.”
Avoid getting nicked
For most investors, selling off existing equities to take a profit and put the money into cash is probably unwise. Not only is there tax on capital gains, but for long-term investors even if there is a selloff shares are likely to eventually return to current levels. Meanwhile even if you foresee a selloff, timing the market perfectly is nearly impossible. “It could be like catching a falling knife,” said Aviva Pinto, managing director of Wealthspire Advisors. “You may be buying in while the market is falling” or selling shares while there’s still an upside.
Under a cash-is-king strategy, however, new money like dividends, distributions, and additional savings could go into your brokerage settlement account for the times you rebalance your portfolio—selling losers, buying assets with more potential—to ensure optimum performance.
Plus, having new money stay in cash “allows us to rebalance without having to sell positions in taxable accounts, thus avoiding unfavorable tax liabilities,” said Sam Brownell of Stratus Wealth Advisors.
There is a downside of cash: inflation. As prices generally go up, the value of money falls. Unless cash is parked in an account that offered an interest rate higher than inflation—high savings interest rates are well below 1%—inflation will eat away at your asset.
In more normal times, much of the cash would go into fixed-income assets to balance equities holdings. But yields on what is supposed to be the “safe” part of a portfolio, generating income no matter what the current value might be, are hardly impressive. The difference in performance between fixed income and cash is so low that “it’s basically a wash,” Harding said.
But with prices at or near historic highs, and many predicting they'll come back to earth, cash does offer the ultimate contrarian bet: If stocks swoon, you'll be poised to buy when everyone else is panic selling.