一款聲稱具有環(huán)保特性的新加密貨幣于上周開(kāi)始交易。這款名為奇亞幣(Chia)的虛擬貨幣由Chia Network打造,它標(biāo)榜自己是一款綠色生態(tài)友好型加密貨幣,能夠替代比特幣(Bitcoin)。
盡管加密貨幣近期的價(jià)格出現(xiàn)了飆升,但因?yàn)槠溟_(kāi)采和交易過(guò)程中的大量碳足跡而備受詬病?!伴_(kāi)采”比特幣和以太幣(Ethereum)這類虛擬貨幣會(huì)消耗大量能源,因?yàn)檫@些網(wǎng)絡(luò)背后的計(jì)算機(jī)需要一步一步地解開(kāi)方程式,而礦工為了最終取得虛擬貨幣,則要為這些被用于確認(rèn)區(qū)塊鏈上交易的強(qiáng)大礦機(jī)支付賬單。(這個(gè)流程名為“工作量證明”)。
為改變這一現(xiàn)狀,奇亞幣提供了另一種途徑,它稱自身所用流程的能耗要比挖礦低得多。該代幣于5月4日開(kāi)始交易,價(jià)格約為一枚1600美元,后來(lái)飆升至1934美元,然而其在Coinbase的價(jià)格于5月9日下午暴跌至1060美元,跌幅達(dá)到了40%。不過(guò)對(duì)在歷史上充滿波動(dòng)的數(shù)字資產(chǎn)來(lái)說(shuō),這種跌宕起伏的經(jīng)歷都是必經(jīng)之路。
D.A. Davidson報(bào)道Coinbase這類加密貨幣交易所的研究總監(jiān)吉爾·盧里亞表示:“加密貨幣資產(chǎn)將繼續(xù)保持其波動(dòng)性?!比欢麑?duì)奇亞幣的綠色宣言感到驚訝,他對(duì)《財(cái)富》雜志說(shuō):“它在市場(chǎng)上應(yīng)該會(huì)有一定的需求?!?/p>
奇亞幣的交易代碼為“XCH”,由BitTorrent的創(chuàng)始人布拉姆·科恩于2017年創(chuàng)造。公司網(wǎng)站稱,像安德森-霍洛維茨(Andreessen Horowitz)和Greylock Partners這類極具分量的投資公司都注資了科恩的項(xiàng)目。與比特幣等加密貨幣所使用的耗能型工作量證明流程相比,奇亞幣采用了其所謂的“空間和實(shí)踐證明”(proof of space and time)。該流程是借助硬盤上閑置存儲(chǔ)空間作為其驗(yàn)證區(qū)塊鏈交易的方法。奇亞幣稱這種方式不是挖礦,而是“種礦”。
有鑒于其技術(shù)的獨(dú)特性,人們可以在家輕松地“種礦”(至少目前是如此),它與比特幣挖礦行業(yè)不斷擴(kuò)張數(shù)據(jù)中心的普遍做法有著很大的區(qū)別。人們對(duì)奇亞幣的興趣已經(jīng)促使那些可能會(huì)成為礦主的人士將目光投向了硬盤,甚至在這款加密貨幣開(kāi)始交易之前引發(fā)了東南亞硬盤的短缺現(xiàn)象。
“并非是什么新事物”
當(dāng)然,這種方式也非完全是綠色的。Chia Network稱,它依然會(huì)使用能源,但要低于比特幣這類加密貨幣。
然而,并非只有奇亞幣一家公司在削減能耗并提供可能“更環(huán)?!钡奶娲鞒獭C麨椤皺?quán)益證明”(proof of stake)的另一種流程在近些年不斷發(fā)展壯大。以太幣正計(jì)劃在未來(lái)幾個(gè)月中將其挖礦流程調(diào)整為權(quán)益證明,在這個(gè)流程中,權(quán)益者將持有的加密貨幣作為抵押物,以確保獲取區(qū)塊鏈網(wǎng)絡(luò),而不是礦工,同時(shí)也無(wú)需運(yùn)行高能耗計(jì)算機(jī)。
盧里亞稱,加密貨幣行業(yè)的節(jié)能減排舉措“并不是什么新事物”。他表示,人們之所以對(duì)權(quán)益證明如此之感興趣,部分原因在于“工作量證明會(huì)給環(huán)境和資源帶來(lái)的大量負(fù)擔(dān)”。
一些評(píng)論家指出,奇亞幣的挖礦(或“種礦”)流程依然取決于硬件,而且如果其網(wǎng)絡(luò)的規(guī)模擴(kuò)大之后,這個(gè)流程可能會(huì)破壞其低能耗的價(jià)值主張。
Ava Labs的總裁約翰·吳(音譯)稱:“我擔(dān)心的是,當(dāng)這種虛擬貨幣在發(fā)展壯大之后,其空間和時(shí)間證明模式將會(huì)與比特幣的工作量證明相當(dāng),也就是你最終必須購(gòu)買更多的設(shè)備才能夠得到回報(bào)?!盇va Labs擁有自己的權(quán)益證明區(qū)塊鏈平臺(tái)Avalanche。約翰·吳指出,然而,奇亞幣的“單位能耗可能比比特幣更低?!保ㄔ诠咀约嚎磥?lái),Chia Network在其白皮書(shū)中稱,公司預(yù)計(jì)“種礦模式比工作量證明或權(quán)益證明更為去中心化,而且可以大幅減少能源和資源消耗?!保?/p>
盧里亞認(rèn)為:“更加[環(huán)保]當(dāng)然能夠作為一個(gè)賣點(diǎn),來(lái)吸引一部分加密貨幣業(yè)界人士。”然而他指出,推翻比特幣和以太幣長(zhǎng)期的統(tǒng)治對(duì)任何初出茅廬的加密貨幣來(lái)說(shuō)都不是一件輕松的事情。
在全球各地不斷涌現(xiàn)的加密貨幣中,奇亞幣只不過(guò)是其中一個(gè)縮影罷了,而那些與D.A. Davidson的盧里亞有著共同看法的人認(rèn)為,“市場(chǎng)上很有可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)更多可以帶來(lái)獨(dú)特價(jià)值的加密貨幣資產(chǎn),而且這些加密貨幣也會(huì)有一定的受眾?!保ㄘ?cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:馮豐
審校:夏林
一款聲稱具有環(huán)保特性的新加密貨幣于上周開(kāi)始交易。這款名為奇亞幣(Chia)的虛擬貨幣由Chia Network打造,它標(biāo)榜自己是一款綠色生態(tài)友好型加密貨幣,能夠替代比特幣(Bitcoin)。
盡管加密貨幣近期的價(jià)格出現(xiàn)了飆升,但因?yàn)槠溟_(kāi)采和交易過(guò)程中的大量碳足跡而備受詬病。“開(kāi)采”比特幣和以太幣(Ethereum)這類虛擬貨幣會(huì)消耗大量能源,因?yàn)檫@些網(wǎng)絡(luò)背后的計(jì)算機(jī)需要一步一步地解開(kāi)方程式,而礦工為了最終取得虛擬貨幣,則要為這些被用于確認(rèn)區(qū)塊鏈上交易的強(qiáng)大礦機(jī)支付賬單。(這個(gè)流程名為“工作量證明”)。
為改變這一現(xiàn)狀,奇亞幣提供了另一種途徑,它稱自身所用流程的能耗要比挖礦低得多。該代幣于5月4日開(kāi)始交易,價(jià)格約為一枚1600美元,后來(lái)飆升至1934美元,然而其在Coinbase的價(jià)格于5月9日下午暴跌至1060美元,跌幅達(dá)到了40%。不過(guò)對(duì)在歷史上充滿波動(dòng)的數(shù)字資產(chǎn)來(lái)說(shuō),這種跌宕起伏的經(jīng)歷都是必經(jīng)之路。
D.A. Davidson報(bào)道Coinbase這類加密貨幣交易所的研究總監(jiān)吉爾·盧里亞表示:“加密貨幣資產(chǎn)將繼續(xù)保持其波動(dòng)性?!比欢?,他對(duì)奇亞幣的綠色宣言感到驚訝,他對(duì)《財(cái)富》雜志說(shuō):“它在市場(chǎng)上應(yīng)該會(huì)有一定的需求?!?/p>
奇亞幣的交易代碼為“XCH”,由BitTorrent的創(chuàng)始人布拉姆·科恩于2017年創(chuàng)造。公司網(wǎng)站稱,像安德森-霍洛維茨(Andreessen Horowitz)和Greylock Partners這類極具分量的投資公司都注資了科恩的項(xiàng)目。與比特幣等加密貨幣所使用的耗能型工作量證明流程相比,奇亞幣采用了其所謂的“空間和實(shí)踐證明”(proof of space and time)。該流程是借助硬盤上閑置存儲(chǔ)空間作為其驗(yàn)證區(qū)塊鏈交易的方法。奇亞幣稱這種方式不是挖礦,而是“種礦”。
有鑒于其技術(shù)的獨(dú)特性,人們可以在家輕松地“種礦”(至少目前是如此),它與比特幣挖礦行業(yè)不斷擴(kuò)張數(shù)據(jù)中心的普遍做法有著很大的區(qū)別。人們對(duì)奇亞幣的興趣已經(jīng)促使那些可能會(huì)成為礦主的人士將目光投向了硬盤,甚至在這款加密貨幣開(kāi)始交易之前引發(fā)了東南亞硬盤的短缺現(xiàn)象。
“并非是什么新事物”
當(dāng)然,這種方式也非完全是綠色的。Chia Network稱,它依然會(huì)使用能源,但要低于比特幣這類加密貨幣。
然而,并非只有奇亞幣一家公司在削減能耗并提供可能“更環(huán)?!钡奶娲鞒獭C麨椤皺?quán)益證明”(proof of stake)的另一種流程在近些年不斷發(fā)展壯大。以太幣正計(jì)劃在未來(lái)幾個(gè)月中將其挖礦流程調(diào)整為權(quán)益證明,在這個(gè)流程中,權(quán)益者將持有的加密貨幣作為抵押物,以確保獲取區(qū)塊鏈網(wǎng)絡(luò),而不是礦工,同時(shí)也無(wú)需運(yùn)行高能耗計(jì)算機(jī)。
盧里亞稱,加密貨幣行業(yè)的節(jié)能減排舉措“并不是什么新事物”。他表示,人們之所以對(duì)權(quán)益證明如此之感興趣,部分原因在于“工作量證明會(huì)給環(huán)境和資源帶來(lái)的大量負(fù)擔(dān)”。
一些評(píng)論家指出,奇亞幣的挖礦(或“種礦”)流程依然取決于硬件,而且如果其網(wǎng)絡(luò)的規(guī)模擴(kuò)大之后,這個(gè)流程可能會(huì)破壞其低能耗的價(jià)值主張。
Ava Labs的總裁約翰·吳(音譯)稱:“我擔(dān)心的是,當(dāng)這種虛擬貨幣在發(fā)展壯大之后,其空間和時(shí)間證明模式將會(huì)與比特幣的工作量證明相當(dāng),也就是你最終必須購(gòu)買更多的設(shè)備才能夠得到回報(bào)?!盇va Labs擁有自己的權(quán)益證明區(qū)塊鏈平臺(tái)Avalanche。約翰·吳指出,然而,奇亞幣的“單位能耗可能比比特幣更低?!保ㄔ诠咀约嚎磥?lái),Chia Network在其白皮書(shū)中稱,公司預(yù)計(jì)“種礦模式比工作量證明或權(quán)益證明更為去中心化,而且可以大幅減少能源和資源消耗?!保?/p>
盧里亞認(rèn)為:“更加[環(huán)保]當(dāng)然能夠作為一個(gè)賣點(diǎn),來(lái)吸引一部分加密貨幣業(yè)界人士?!比欢赋?,推翻比特幣和以太幣長(zhǎng)期的統(tǒng)治對(duì)任何初出茅廬的加密貨幣來(lái)說(shuō)都不是一件輕松的事情。
在全球各地不斷涌現(xiàn)的加密貨幣中,奇亞幣只不過(guò)是其中一個(gè)縮影罷了,而那些與D.A. Davidson的盧里亞有著共同看法的人認(rèn)為,“市場(chǎng)上很有可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)更多可以帶來(lái)獨(dú)特價(jià)值的加密貨幣資產(chǎn),而且這些加密貨幣也會(huì)有一定的受眾?!保ㄘ?cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:馮豐
審校:夏林
A new cryptocurrency that claims to be climate-friendly debuted in trading last week. The virtual coin, called chia and created by a platform called the Chia Network, advertises itself as "a 'green,' eco-friendly alternative" to Bitcoin.
Despite their astronomical recent performance, cryptocurrencies are lately coming under fire for their massive carbon footprints. "Mining" virtual coins such as Bitcoin and Ethereum uses tons of energy as the machines behind these networks churn away at solving equations. For miners' efforts—that is, paying bills to operate powerful computers that confirm transactions on the blockchain, the distributed ledger technology underpinning cryptocurrencies—they receive coins as a reward. (The process is called "proof of work.")
Chia presents an alternative to the status quo, relying on a process that it claims is far less energy-intensive than mining. The coin started trading on May 4 at around $1,600 a pop and rose to as high as $1,934, but had sunk over 40% to roughly $1,060 as of May 9 afternoon, per Coinbase. Yet such of slumps are part and parcel for the historically volatile digital assets.
"Crypto assets are going to continue to be volatile," says Gil Luria, director of research at D.A. Davidson, who covers the likes of crypto exchange Coinbase. But he's not surprised by chia's green messaging: "There's going to be some demand for that," he tells Fortune.
Chia, trading as "XCH", was conceived by BitTorrent founder Bram Cohen in 2017. Heavy-hitting investment firms like Andreessen Horowitz and Greylock Partners are backing Cohen's project, according to its site. Instead of the energy-draining proof of work process used by the likes of Bitcoin, chia uses what it calls "proof of space and time." The process uses unused storage space on hard drives as part of its method of verifying blockchain transactions. Instead of mining, chia calls its process "farming."
Because of its unique technology, chia can be "farmed" easily at home (at least for now)—a big difference from the sprawling data centers that dominate Bitcoin mining. Interest in the coin has already prompted would-be miners to scoop up hard drives, even creating a shortage in Southeast Asia in the lead up to the coin's trading launch.
“Not a new effort”
The method isn't totally green, of course. It still uses energy, but at lower rates than the likes of Bitcoin, Chia Network claims.
But chia's process isn't the only one that cuts down on energy usage and presents a possibly "greener" alternative. Another process, called "proof of stake," has been gaining ground in recent years. Ethereum is planning in the coming months to switch its mining process over to proof of stake, wherein stakers—rather than miners—put up crypto holdings as collateral in order to secure a blockchain network, rather than by running energy-consuming computers.
Attempts to go green in the cryptocurrency industry are "not a new effort," says Luria. Part of the reason there's so much interest in proof of stake is due to "the big toll that proof of work takes both on the environment and on resources," he says.
Some critics point out that chia's mining (or "farming") process still relies on hardware, and should the network become big, that could potentially undermine its energy-efficient value proposition.
"I do worry that when they do grow, this proof of space and time has kind of the same methodology [as] proof of work, like Bitcoin, and their model is: you ultimately have to buy more equipment to get paid," says John Wu, president of Ava Labs, which has its own proof-of-stake blockchain platform, Avalanche. Wu notes that chia is, however, "probably, on a per unit basis, more efficient" than Bitcoin. (As for the company, Chia Network claims it expects the "farming will be more decentralized than Proof of Work or Proof of Stake and significantly less energy and resource intensive," per their whitepaper.)
"Being more [environmentally-friendly] certainly could be something that would attract a certain part of the crypto community," Luria suggests. But toppling Bitcoin and Ethereum's longstanding supremacy, he argues, won't be an easy feat for any up-and-coming coin.
Chia is but one of a cornucopia of cryptocurrencies popping up everywhere, and those like D.A. Davidson's Luria believe "it's quite possible that there will be many more crypto assets that add a unique value and will have some level of following."