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投資新趨勢:主動(dòng)型ETF

Jessica Mathews
2021-09-01

晨星投資分析平臺(tái)的數(shù)據(jù)顯示,自今年1月以來,基金經(jīng)理新推出了235只ETF和135只開放式公募基金。

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今年是交易所交易基金(簡稱為“ETF”)的豐收年,其有望再次創(chuàng)下紀(jì)錄。

根據(jù)獨(dú)立股權(quán)研究公司CFRA的數(shù)據(jù),截至8月23日,隨著交易量飆升至新高,ETF的資金凈流入為5660億美元。晨星投資分析平臺(tái)(Morningstar Direct)的數(shù)據(jù)顯示,自今年1月以來,基金經(jīng)理新推出了235只ETF和135只開放式公募基金。

就在上周,美國最大的資產(chǎn)管理公司之一Capital Group提交了首份ETF注冊申請文件,CFRA的公募基金及ETF研究主管托德·羅森布魯斯對(duì)此表示,這是“ETF行業(yè)的一個(gè)重要里程碑”。Capital Group是仍然堅(jiān)持采用產(chǎn)生于20世紀(jì)90年代的交易所交易模式的最后幾家大型資產(chǎn)管理公司之一。ETF是一種新穎的投資工具,旨在降低投資者投資某個(gè)指數(shù)或特定板塊時(shí)的門檻,減少投資成本并提高買進(jìn)賣出的效率。據(jù)美國投資公司協(xié)會(huì)(Investment Company Institute)的數(shù)據(jù),總體而言,ETF的費(fèi)率相對(duì)較低,2020年股票型公募基金的平均費(fèi)率約為0.5%,而股票型ETF則為0.18%。ETF也通常不像公募基金那樣,設(shè)置有最低投資額。

但對(duì)投資者來說,這個(gè)市場中最有趣的一個(gè)領(lǐng)域是所謂的主動(dòng)型ETF,在這里,投資組合經(jīng)理仍然在考慮持有或拋出哪些資產(chǎn),以跑贏傳統(tǒng)指數(shù),他們也在使用稅負(fù)低的交易所交易結(jié)構(gòu)來增加基金流動(dòng)性以及減少成本。這是一個(gè)很大的變化,因?yàn)槿缃袷袌錾蠋缀跛械腅TF都采用了被動(dòng)策略,一般會(huì)選取特定的指數(shù)作為投資對(duì)象,無論該指數(shù)是由股票、債券、大宗商品還是其他資產(chǎn)類別組成。但在過去兩年中,越來越多的投資組合經(jīng)理開始將主動(dòng)策略引入ETF,并逐漸真正獲得投資者的青睞。舉個(gè)例子:今年早些時(shí)候,富達(dá)(Fidelity)根據(jù)Fidelity Women's Leadership Fund(FWOMX)推出了Fidelity Women's Leadership ETF(FDWM),這只主動(dòng)型ETF采用了與同名的公募基金完全相同的投資策略。今年,有一些基金轉(zhuǎn)為了ETF,還有一些ETF全新上市。

投資者很喜歡主動(dòng)型ETF。根據(jù)CFRA的數(shù)據(jù),今年凈流入ETF的資金中,約有12%投入了主動(dòng)型ETF。考慮到主動(dòng)型ETF只占ETF市場高達(dá)6.7萬億美元總資產(chǎn)的很小一部分(4%),這傳遞出了一個(gè)積極信號(hào)。

原因如下:首先,比兩年前相比,如今推出ETF要容易得多。2019年9月,美國證券交易委員會(huì)(SEC)批準(zhǔn)了6c-11規(guī)則,即所謂的“ETF規(guī)則”,允許資產(chǎn)管理公司無需花費(fèi)額外的成本去申請豁免令即可推出開放式ETF。對(duì)資產(chǎn)管理公司來說,這意味著它們可以花更少的成本、更快更容易地推出ETF。

晨星(Morningstar)負(fù)責(zé)對(duì)公募基金和ETF進(jìn)行評(píng)級(jí)的全球ETF研究主管本·約翰遜稱:“坦率地說,ETF的上市要求多年來一直在降低,到了2019年ETF規(guī)則被批準(zhǔn)前,其已經(jīng)相當(dāng)?shù)土?,然后門檻就完全消失了。”

新基金紛紛出現(xiàn)的另外一個(gè)原因是:ETF經(jīng)理現(xiàn)在能夠選擇按季度而不是按日披露他們的持股數(shù)據(jù)。美國證券交易委員會(huì)于2019年6月批準(zhǔn)了首只不披露每日持倉數(shù)據(jù)的交易所交易基金,所謂的“非透明ETF”。在那之前,披露要求一直是投資組合經(jīng)理的一大障礙,為了維護(hù)其研究的專有性,或試圖阻止競爭對(duì)手或其他投資者先于他們進(jìn)行交易,他們堅(jiān)持拒絕披露自己的持股情況。公募基金一直提供有相關(guān)隱私保護(hù)政策,現(xiàn)在ETF也可以了。

這兩項(xiàng)監(jiān)管改革,再加上投資者需求的不斷增長,促使一批資產(chǎn)管理公司紛紛推出新的交易所交易基金,這些新ETF的創(chuàng)新性更強(qiáng),并揭示了在費(fèi)率降低擠壓其利潤率的情況下,資產(chǎn)管理公司是如何賺錢的。以下是今年一些新推出的基金的情況:

環(huán)境、社會(huì)和治理主題

環(huán)境、社會(huì)和治理主題(簡稱為“ESG”)仍然是基金市場增長最快的領(lǐng)域之一。晨星的數(shù)據(jù)顯示,2021年上半年,全球可持續(xù)發(fā)展基金的資產(chǎn)增長了12%,達(dá)到了2.24萬億美元。據(jù)晨星稱,今年出現(xiàn)了許多ESG新基,僅上半年就有36只。以下是幾只值得關(guān)注的基金。

據(jù)彭博社(Bloomberg)報(bào)道,貝萊德(BlackRock)于4月推出的費(fèi)率為0.30%的BlackRock US Carbon Transition Readiness ETF(LCTU)創(chuàng)下了ETF史上最大的首日發(fā)行量紀(jì)錄,在交易第一天就有13億美元流入該基金。它投資的是適于發(fā)展低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)的中大型公司。自8月24日成立以來,該基金上漲了10.5%,而標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)(S&P 500)的漲幅為10.1%。

今年早些時(shí)候,激進(jìn)投資管理公司Engine No. 1因?yàn)槠渑p少公司碳足跡的舉措而聲名鵲起,罕有的贏得了??松梨冢‥xxon Mobil)的董事會(huì)席位。不久之后,該公司推出了Engine No. 1 Transform 500 ETF(VOTE),旨在通過投資者投票的方式,敦促大型公司對(duì)氣候變化負(fù)責(zé)。自6月底推出以來,該公司已經(jīng)募集到1.744億美元資產(chǎn),其凈費(fèi)率為0.05%。8月24日,該基金漲幅為6.3%,而標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)的漲幅為5.8%。

今年1月上市的Gabelli Love Our Planet & People ETF(LOPP),針對(duì)流入該基金的首億美元資產(chǎn),其免除了它們的第一年費(fèi)率,之后的年費(fèi)則為0.90%。它是一只主動(dòng)型非透明ETF,投資目標(biāo)是專注于可持續(xù)發(fā)展的上市公司。自8月24日推出以來,該基金上漲了16%,而標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)的漲幅為18.9%。

我要說明的是,社會(huì)基金雖然不那么受歡迎,但它也在不斷壯大。今年新推出的基金之一是LGBTQ+ESG100 ETF(LGBT),這是一只于5月中旬上市的指數(shù)型主題基金,旨在投資致力于性少數(shù)群體多樣性和包容性的大型公司。該基金自推出以來上漲了8.9%,而標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)的漲幅為8.7%,費(fèi)率為0.75%。

主動(dòng)型新基金

在主動(dòng)型ETF開始廣受歡迎的大背景下,甚至一些最知名的資產(chǎn)管理公司或基金也在推出交易所交易產(chǎn)品。

富達(dá)麥哲倫基金(Fidelity Magellan Fund)是有史以來最有名的投資基金之一,是1977-1990年間全球表現(xiàn)最好的基金。今年2月,富達(dá)將其轉(zhuǎn)為了Fidelity Magellan ETF(FMAG)重新發(fā)行。相比于公募基金0.79%的凈費(fèi)率,它現(xiàn)在的價(jià)格更低,為0.59%。8月24日,該基金上漲了17.6%,而標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)的漲幅15.9%。

凱茜·伍德(方舟投資首席執(zhí)行官)是首批為了促使ETF迅速上漲而采取了主動(dòng)型策略的投資組合經(jīng)理之一,其還樂于每日披露持股情況。方舟投資(ARK Invest)于今年3月推出了新基金ARK Space Exploration & Innovation ETF(ARKX),該基金目前已經(jīng)積累了6.268億美元的資產(chǎn)。它的費(fèi)率為0.75%,自8月24日成立以來上漲了0.59%,而標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)的價(jià)格的漲幅為13.3%。

雖然Dimensional Fund Advisors本身并不是一家基金發(fā)行公司,但值得注意的是,其在今年早些時(shí)候?qū)⑵?只公募基金轉(zhuǎn)為了ETF,使得該公司不僅僅是作為財(cái)務(wù)顧問而存在,散戶投資者由此可以直接應(yīng)用其策略。Dimensional Fund Advisors于2020年推出了首批ETF,是由4只提供了稅收優(yōu)惠的公募基金轉(zhuǎn)換而來的,它們的股票代碼分別為DFUS、DFAC、DFAS和DFAT。

新冠疫情、特殊目的收購公司和千禧一代

每種主題基本都有其對(duì)應(yīng)的ETF(也就是說,除非你選擇比特幣)。讓我們來看看今年上市的一些最稀奇古怪的主動(dòng)型ETF。

今年出現(xiàn)了一些希望利用美國經(jīng)濟(jì)解封機(jī)遇的基金,例如AdvisorShares Restaurant ETF(EATZ),自推出以來下跌了4.3%(相比之下,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)上漲了7.5%),或者SonicShares Airlines, Hotels, Cruise Lines ETF(TRIP),自上市以來下跌了5.7%(相比之下,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)下跌了9.1%)。

說到大熱趨勢,你能夠通過Roundhill Streaming Services&Technology ETF(SUBZ)來投資Netflix和Hulu公司。要想不錯(cuò)過市場趨勢,投資者可以選擇FOMO ETF(FOMO),該基金致力于跟蹤目前市場上的所有流行趨勢來持倉。VanEck Vectors Social Sentiment ETF(BUZZ)通過收集社交媒體、新聞文章、博客和其他“替代數(shù)據(jù)集”來挑選投資者看好的股票。

還有一些新基金專注于進(jìn)入特殊目的收購公司市場,包括Tuttle Capital Management公司的De-SPAC ETF(DSPC),它的投資目標(biāo)是通過特殊目的收購公司上市的公司,或者你能夠用它的對(duì)家Short De-SPAC ETF(SOGU)來做空這些公司。

風(fēng)險(xiǎn)交易

值得一提的是,很難猜測這些基金在一個(gè)月、一年或五年后的表現(xiàn)如何(如果你問我的話,我會(huì)說這是一場愚蠢的游戲)。表現(xiàn)不佳的基金,或未能借由紛至沓來的資產(chǎn)發(fā)展良好的基金,都有被關(guān)閉的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),這對(duì)投資者來說不是什么好事情。我要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是,投資一只沒有業(yè)績記錄的新基金,尤其是投資組合經(jīng)理沒有歷史業(yè)績的基金,其風(fēng)險(xiǎn)可能會(huì)很高。任何投資決策的做出都應(yīng)該經(jīng)過深思熟慮的研究,并考察過新基金的定位以及其投資組合計(jì)劃是否完善,是否有可能多樣化發(fā)展。

不管怎樣,持續(xù)關(guān)注市場上的新基是值得做的一件事情,即使只是隨便看看。那里可能存在著一顆寶石。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))

譯者:Claire

今年是交易所交易基金(簡稱為“ETF”)的豐收年,其有望再次創(chuàng)下紀(jì)錄。

根據(jù)獨(dú)立股權(quán)研究公司CFRA的數(shù)據(jù),截至8月23日,隨著交易量飆升至新高,ETF的資金凈流入為5660億美元。晨星投資分析平臺(tái)(Morningstar Direct)的數(shù)據(jù)顯示,自今年1月以來,基金經(jīng)理新推出了235只ETF和135只開放式公募基金。

就在上周,美國最大的資產(chǎn)管理公司之一Capital Group提交了首份ETF注冊申請文件,CFRA的公募基金及ETF研究主管托德·羅森布魯斯對(duì)此表示,這是“ETF行業(yè)的一個(gè)重要里程碑”。Capital Group是仍然堅(jiān)持采用產(chǎn)生于20世紀(jì)90年代的交易所交易模式的最后幾家大型資產(chǎn)管理公司之一。ETF是一種新穎的投資工具,旨在降低投資者投資某個(gè)指數(shù)或特定板塊時(shí)的門檻,減少投資成本并提高買進(jìn)賣出的效率。據(jù)美國投資公司協(xié)會(huì)(Investment Company Institute)的數(shù)據(jù),總體而言,ETF的費(fèi)率相對(duì)較低,2020年股票型公募基金的平均費(fèi)率約為0.5%,而股票型ETF則為0.18%。ETF也通常不像公募基金那樣,設(shè)置有最低投資額。

但對(duì)投資者來說,這個(gè)市場中最有趣的一個(gè)領(lǐng)域是所謂的主動(dòng)型ETF,在這里,投資組合經(jīng)理仍然在考慮持有或拋出哪些資產(chǎn),以跑贏傳統(tǒng)指數(shù),他們也在使用稅負(fù)低的交易所交易結(jié)構(gòu)來增加基金流動(dòng)性以及減少成本。這是一個(gè)很大的變化,因?yàn)槿缃袷袌錾蠋缀跛械腅TF都采用了被動(dòng)策略,一般會(huì)選取特定的指數(shù)作為投資對(duì)象,無論該指數(shù)是由股票、債券、大宗商品還是其他資產(chǎn)類別組成。但在過去兩年中,越來越多的投資組合經(jīng)理開始將主動(dòng)策略引入ETF,并逐漸真正獲得投資者的青睞。舉個(gè)例子:今年早些時(shí)候,富達(dá)(Fidelity)根據(jù)Fidelity Women's Leadership Fund(FWOMX)推出了Fidelity Women's Leadership ETF(FDWM),這只主動(dòng)型ETF采用了與同名的公募基金完全相同的投資策略。今年,有一些基金轉(zhuǎn)為了ETF,還有一些ETF全新上市。

投資者很喜歡主動(dòng)型ETF。根據(jù)CFRA的數(shù)據(jù),今年凈流入ETF的資金中,約有12%投入了主動(dòng)型ETF??紤]到主動(dòng)型ETF只占ETF市場高達(dá)6.7萬億美元總資產(chǎn)的很小一部分(4%),這傳遞出了一個(gè)積極信號(hào)。

原因如下:首先,比兩年前相比,如今推出ETF要容易得多。2019年9月,美國證券交易委員會(huì)(SEC)批準(zhǔn)了6c-11規(guī)則,即所謂的“ETF規(guī)則”,允許資產(chǎn)管理公司無需花費(fèi)額外的成本去申請豁免令即可推出開放式ETF。對(duì)資產(chǎn)管理公司來說,這意味著它們可以花更少的成本、更快更容易地推出ETF。

晨星(Morningstar)負(fù)責(zé)對(duì)公募基金和ETF進(jìn)行評(píng)級(jí)的全球ETF研究主管本·約翰遜稱:“坦率地說,ETF的上市要求多年來一直在降低,到了2019年ETF規(guī)則被批準(zhǔn)前,其已經(jīng)相當(dāng)?shù)土?,然后門檻就完全消失了?!?/p>

新基金紛紛出現(xiàn)的另外一個(gè)原因是:ETF經(jīng)理現(xiàn)在能夠選擇按季度而不是按日披露他們的持股數(shù)據(jù)。美國證券交易委員會(huì)于2019年6月批準(zhǔn)了首只不披露每日持倉數(shù)據(jù)的交易所交易基金,所謂的“非透明ETF”。在那之前,披露要求一直是投資組合經(jīng)理的一大障礙,為了維護(hù)其研究的專有性,或試圖阻止競爭對(duì)手或其他投資者先于他們進(jìn)行交易,他們堅(jiān)持拒絕披露自己的持股情況。公募基金一直提供有相關(guān)隱私保護(hù)政策,現(xiàn)在ETF也可以了。

這兩項(xiàng)監(jiān)管改革,再加上投資者需求的不斷增長,促使一批資產(chǎn)管理公司紛紛推出新的交易所交易基金,這些新ETF的創(chuàng)新性更強(qiáng),并揭示了在費(fèi)率降低擠壓其利潤率的情況下,資產(chǎn)管理公司是如何賺錢的。以下是今年一些新推出的基金的情況:

環(huán)境、社會(huì)和治理主題

環(huán)境、社會(huì)和治理主題(簡稱為“ESG”)仍然是基金市場增長最快的領(lǐng)域之一。晨星的數(shù)據(jù)顯示,2021年上半年,全球可持續(xù)發(fā)展基金的資產(chǎn)增長了12%,達(dá)到了2.24萬億美元。據(jù)晨星稱,今年出現(xiàn)了許多ESG新基,僅上半年就有36只。以下是幾只值得關(guān)注的基金。

據(jù)彭博社(Bloomberg)報(bào)道,貝萊德(BlackRock)于4月推出的費(fèi)率為0.30%的BlackRock US Carbon Transition Readiness ETF(LCTU)創(chuàng)下了ETF史上最大的首日發(fā)行量紀(jì)錄,在交易第一天就有13億美元流入該基金。它投資的是適于發(fā)展低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)的中大型公司。自8月24日成立以來,該基金上漲了10.5%,而標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)(S&P 500)的漲幅為10.1%。

今年早些時(shí)候,激進(jìn)投資管理公司Engine No. 1因?yàn)槠渑p少公司碳足跡的舉措而聲名鵲起,罕有的贏得了??松梨冢‥xxon Mobil)的董事會(huì)席位。不久之后,該公司推出了Engine No. 1 Transform 500 ETF(VOTE),旨在通過投資者投票的方式,敦促大型公司對(duì)氣候變化負(fù)責(zé)。自6月底推出以來,該公司已經(jīng)募集到1.744億美元資產(chǎn),其凈費(fèi)率為0.05%。8月24日,該基金漲幅為6.3%,而標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)的漲幅為5.8%。

今年1月上市的Gabelli Love Our Planet & People ETF(LOPP),針對(duì)流入該基金的首億美元資產(chǎn),其免除了它們的第一年費(fèi)率,之后的年費(fèi)則為0.90%。它是一只主動(dòng)型非透明ETF,投資目標(biāo)是專注于可持續(xù)發(fā)展的上市公司。自8月24日推出以來,該基金上漲了16%,而標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)的漲幅為18.9%。

我要說明的是,社會(huì)基金雖然不那么受歡迎,但它也在不斷壯大。今年新推出的基金之一是LGBTQ+ESG100 ETF(LGBT),這是一只于5月中旬上市的指數(shù)型主題基金,旨在投資致力于性少數(shù)群體多樣性和包容性的大型公司。該基金自推出以來上漲了8.9%,而標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)的漲幅為8.7%,費(fèi)率為0.75%。

主動(dòng)型新基金

在主動(dòng)型ETF開始廣受歡迎的大背景下,甚至一些最知名的資產(chǎn)管理公司或基金也在推出交易所交易產(chǎn)品。

富達(dá)麥哲倫基金(Fidelity Magellan Fund)是有史以來最有名的投資基金之一,是1977-1990年間全球表現(xiàn)最好的基金。今年2月,富達(dá)將其轉(zhuǎn)為了Fidelity Magellan ETF(FMAG)重新發(fā)行。相比于公募基金0.79%的凈費(fèi)率,它現(xiàn)在的價(jià)格更低,為0.59%。8月24日,該基金上漲了17.6%,而標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)的漲幅15.9%。

凱茜·伍德(方舟投資首席執(zhí)行官)是首批為了促使ETF迅速上漲而采取了主動(dòng)型策略的投資組合經(jīng)理之一,其還樂于每日披露持股情況。方舟投資(ARK Invest)于今年3月推出了新基金ARK Space Exploration & Innovation ETF(ARKX),該基金目前已經(jīng)積累了6.268億美元的資產(chǎn)。它的費(fèi)率為0.75%,自8月24日成立以來上漲了0.59%,而標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)的價(jià)格的漲幅為13.3%。

雖然Dimensional Fund Advisors本身并不是一家基金發(fā)行公司,但值得注意的是,其在今年早些時(shí)候?qū)⑵?只公募基金轉(zhuǎn)為了ETF,使得該公司不僅僅是作為財(cái)務(wù)顧問而存在,散戶投資者由此可以直接應(yīng)用其策略。Dimensional Fund Advisors于2020年推出了首批ETF,是由4只提供了稅收優(yōu)惠的公募基金轉(zhuǎn)換而來的,它們的股票代碼分別為DFUS、DFAC、DFAS和DFAT。

新冠疫情、特殊目的收購公司和千禧一代

每種主題基本都有其對(duì)應(yīng)的ETF(也就是說,除非你選擇比特幣)。讓我們來看看今年上市的一些最稀奇古怪的主動(dòng)型ETF。

今年出現(xiàn)了一些希望利用美國經(jīng)濟(jì)解封機(jī)遇的基金,例如AdvisorShares Restaurant ETF(EATZ),自推出以來下跌了4.3%(相比之下,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)上漲了7.5%),或者SonicShares Airlines, Hotels, Cruise Lines ETF(TRIP),自上市以來下跌了5.7%(相比之下,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)下跌了9.1%)。

說到大熱趨勢,你能夠通過Roundhill Streaming Services&Technology ETF(SUBZ)來投資Netflix和Hulu公司。要想不錯(cuò)過市場趨勢,投資者可以選擇FOMO ETF(FOMO),該基金致力于跟蹤目前市場上的所有流行趨勢來持倉。VanEck Vectors Social Sentiment ETF(BUZZ)通過收集社交媒體、新聞文章、博客和其他“替代數(shù)據(jù)集”來挑選投資者看好的股票。

還有一些新基金專注于進(jìn)入特殊目的收購公司市場,包括Tuttle Capital Management公司的De-SPAC ETF(DSPC),它的投資目標(biāo)是通過特殊目的收購公司上市的公司,或者你能夠用它的對(duì)家Short De-SPAC ETF(SOGU)來做空這些公司。

風(fēng)險(xiǎn)交易

值得一提的是,很難猜測這些基金在一個(gè)月、一年或五年后的表現(xiàn)如何(如果你問我的話,我會(huì)說這是一場愚蠢的游戲)。表現(xiàn)不佳的基金,或未能借由紛至沓來的資產(chǎn)發(fā)展良好的基金,都有被關(guān)閉的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),這對(duì)投資者來說不是什么好事情。我要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是,投資一只沒有業(yè)績記錄的新基金,尤其是投資組合經(jīng)理沒有歷史業(yè)績的基金,其風(fēng)險(xiǎn)可能會(huì)很高。任何投資決策的做出都應(yīng)該經(jīng)過深思熟慮的研究,并考察過新基金的定位以及其投資組合計(jì)劃是否完善,是否有可能多樣化發(fā)展。

不管怎樣,持續(xù)關(guān)注市場上的新基是值得做的一件事情,即使只是隨便看看。那里可能存在著一顆寶石。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))

譯者:Claire

It’s been quite the year for exchange-traded funds, and it's on track to be another record-setting one actually.

With the markets soaring to new highs, investors infused a net $566 billion of assets into ETFs by Aug. 23, according to independent equity research company CFRA. Since January, fund managers launched 235 new ETFs and 135 new open-end mutual funds into the market, according to Morningstar Direct data.

Just last week, Capital Group, one of the country’s largest asset managers, filed registration documents for its first-ever set of exchange-traded funds, a “key milestone for the ETF industry,” according to Todd Rosenbluth, director of mutual and exchange-traded fund research at CFRA. Capital Group was one of the last major asset managers still holding out on the exchange-traded format, which was developed back in the 1990s. ETFs, which trade intraday on exchanges, were a novel investment vehicle intended to make investing in an index or specific market sector more accessible, affordable, and liquid to investors. In general, their fees are lower—equity mutual funds, on average, charged about 0.50% in 2020, while index equity ETFs averaged 0.18%, according to the Investment Company Institute. ETFs also don't have the investment minimums often paired with mutual funds.

But one of the most interesting corners of this market for investors is so-called active ETFs, where portfolio managers are still deciding what to include or exclude in order to outperform a traditional index, but are using the tax-efficient exchange-traded structure to add liquidity and keep costs low. That's a big change as nearly all of the ETFs on the market today have passive strategies that closely track an index, whether it be made up of stocks, bonds, commodities, or some other asset class. But in the past two years, more and more portfolio managers have begun introducing their active strategies into the ETF wrapper, and they’re starting to really pick up traction from investors. Here’s an example: Fidelity, earlier this year, replicated its Fidelity Women's Leadership Fund (FWOMX), a mutual fund, and launched the Fidelity Women's Leadership ETF (FDWM), an active ETF with the same strategy. This year we’ve also seen funds converted into ETFs, as well as brand-new active strategies emerging in the exchange-traded format.

Investors are loving it. Approximately 12% of net flows into ETFs this year have circulated in those with active strategies, according to CFRA. Considering that only a tiny slice of the total assets ETF market—4% of the total $6.7 trillion ETF market—are held in active funds, this is a dynamic change.

Here’s why this is happening: For starters, it’s a lot easier to launch an ETF than it was just two years ago. In September 2019, the SEC approved rule 6c-11, known as the “ETF rule,” which eliminated requirements for asset managers to file for exemptive relief to launch an open-ended ETF. It became cheaper, faster and generally easier for asset managers to launch an ETF.

“It took barriers to entry that were already frankly pretty low, and had come down over the years, and all but eliminated them,” says Ben Johnson, director of global ETF research at Morningstar, which rates mutual funds and ETFs.

Another reason for the influx of new funds: ETF managers can now opt to disclose their holdings on a quarterly, rather than a daily basis. The SEC approved the first exchange-traded fund that wouldn’t disclose daily holdings—called a “non-transparent ETF”—in June 2019. Until then, that disclosure requirement had been a major drawback for portfolio managers who were adamant on keeping their holdings under wraps, whether it be to keep their research proprietary, or to try to prevent competitors or other investors from trading ahead of them. Mutual funds had always offered this privacy—and now ETFs could too.

Both of these regulatory changes, combined with ever-growing investor demand, have led to a flurry of asset managers launching new ETFs, and they're telling a bigger story about innovation and how asset managers are making money when fee compression is squashing their margins. Here’s a look at some of the newer entrants from this year:

Going green + “S” and “G”

ESG continues to be one of the fastest-growing areas of the fund market. In the first six months of 2021, assets in sustainable funds grew by 12% globally to $2.24 trillion, according to Morningstar. There have been a host of new ESG fund launches this year—with 36 in the first half alone, according to Morningstar. Here are a few worth noting.

The BlackRock US Carbon Transition Readiness ETF (LCTU), which launched in April and has an expense ratio of 0.30%, had the biggest first-day launch in ETF history, drawing in $1.3 billion in assets within its first day of trading, according to Bloomberg. The fund invests in large-cap and midcap companies best positioned for a low-carbon economy. It was up 10.5% from inception Aug. 24, compared to the S&P 500, which was up 10.1%.

Engine No. 1, an activist investment manager, made a name for itself earlier this year when it took the rare step of winning seats on Exxon Mobil’s board in an effort to reduce the company's carbon footprint. It shortly after launched the Engine No. 1 Transform 500 ETF (VOTE), which focuses on utilizing investor voting to hold major companies accountable to climate change. It has collected $174.4 million in assets since its launch at the end of June and has a net expense ratio of 0.05%. It was up 6.3% on Aug. 24, versus the S&P 500, which was up 5.8%.

The Gabelli Love Our Planet & People ETF (LOPP), which went live in January, is waiving the first year of fees for its first $100 million in assets, after which it will charge total annual fees of 0.90%. It’s an active, non-transparent ETF that invests in publicly traded, sustainably-focused companies, and it was up 16% from launch Aug. 24, compared to the S&P 500, which was up 18.9%.

I'll point out that funds focused on social funds, while not as popular, have been gaining steam as well. One of the new entrants this year is the LGBTQ + ESG100 ETF (LGBT), which is a thematic index fund that launched in mid-May that seeks exposure to large-cap companies committed to LGBTQ diversity and inclusion. It is currently trading up 8.9% from inception, compared to the S&P 500 at 8.7%, and has an expense ratio of 0.75%.

New and active

With the newfound popularity of active ETFs, even some of the most well-known asset managers or funds are rolling out exchange-traded products.

The Fidelity Magellan Fund (FMAGX) is one of the most storied investment funds of all time—the top performing fund in the world between 1977 to 1990. In February, Fidelity released it as an exchange-traded product, the Fidelity Magellan ETF (FMAG). It now has a cheaper price tag, at 0.59%, compared to the mutual fund’s net expense ratio of 0.79%. It was up 17.6% on Aug. 24, versus the S&P 500, which was up 15.9%.

Cathie Wood was one of the first active portfolio managers to gain steam embracing the ETF and readily disclose holdings on a daily basis. ARK Invest launched its latest fund, the ARK Space Exploration & Innovation ETF (ARKX) in March, which has already accumulated $626.8 million in assets. It charges 0.75% and was up 0.59% from inception on Aug. 24, versus the S&P 500, where the price was up 13.3%.

While not a fund launch per se, it’s worth noting that Dimensional Fund Advisors converted four of its mutual funds into ETFs earlier this year, which makes DFA’s strategies available directly to retail investors, rather than just financial advisers. DFA, which launched its first ETFs in 2020, converted four tax-advantaged mutual funds, which now trade under the tickers DFUS, DFAC, DFAS, and DFAT.

COVID, SPACs, and millennials

Pick a topic, and there’s probably already an ETF for it (that is, unless you pick Bitcoin). Which brings us to some of the most unusual active ETFs that have hit the market this year.

A handful of funds emerged hoping to capitalize on the U.S. economy reopening, such as the AdvisorShares Restaurant ETF (EATZ), which is down 4.3% since its launch (the S&P 500 is up 7.5% in comparison), or the SonicShares Airlines, Hotels, Cruise Lines ETF (TRYP), which is down 5.7% since inception (compared to the S&P 500 at 9.1%).

When it comes to what’s trending, you can invest in the Netflix and Hulu craze with Roundhill Streaming Services & Technology ETF (SUBZ). Investors can make sure they're not missing out with the FOMO ETF (FOMO), which seeks to invest in whatever is currently trending on the market. The VanEck Vectors Social Sentiment ETF (BUZZ) aggregates social media, news articles, blogs, and other “alternative data sets” to pick stocks with bullish investor perception.

There are also a handful of new funds focused on accessing the SPAC market, including Tuttle Capital Management’s De-SPAC ETF (DSPC), which invests in companies that have gone public via SPAC, or you can short them with its counterpart, the Short De-SPAC ETF (SOGU).

Risky business

It’s worth mentioning that it’s pretty hard to guess how any of these funds will be performing a month, a year, or five years from now (a fool’s game, if you ask me). Funds that don't perform well, or fail to pick up any traction from the onslaught, run the risk of being closed, which isn’t great for its investors. I'll highlight that investing in a new fund with zero track record—and particularly if its portfolio managers have no track record—can be risky business. Any investment decision should always involve thoughtful research as well as some study of where, and if, a new investment fits in with a preexisting and hopefully diversified portfolio.

Either way, it's always worth keeping an eye out for what’s new on the market, even if it's just window-shopping. There just may be a gem.

財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)所刊載內(nèi)容之知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)為財(cái)富媒體知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)有限公司及/或相關(guān)權(quán)利人專屬所有或持有。未經(jīng)許可,禁止進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)載、摘編、復(fù)制及建立鏡像等任何使用。
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