美國通脹率肩比欠發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體
Marco Quiroz-Gutierrez
2021-11-29
通貨膨脹近期對(duì)全球的大部分地區(qū)都造成了影響，但在過去幾個(gè)月里，美國卻成了受影響最嚴(yán)重的國家之一。
美國今年10月的年通脹率高達(dá)6.2%，目前物價(jià)漲幅已經(jīng)達(dá)到30多年來的最高水平。
根據(jù)皮尤研究中心（Pew Research Center）的一項(xiàng)研究，2021年第三季度，美國的年通脹率在受調(diào)查的46個(gè)國家中高居第八位。從2019年第三季度到今年同期，美國的通脹增幅也位居第三位，達(dá)到3.58個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。這一增幅僅次于巴西和土耳其，這兩個(gè)國家均為欠發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體，通脹率通常都高于美國。
今年感恩節(jié)前夕，食品價(jià)格全面上漲，美國人備受通脹的影響，尤其是貧困群體。根據(jù)聯(lián)合國糧食及農(nóng)業(yè)組織（United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization）的數(shù)據(jù)，全球糧食價(jià)格正在達(dá)到幾十年來的最高水平。至于半導(dǎo)體芯片、天然氣等其他商品，供應(yīng)鏈問題也使情況雪上加霜，供不應(yīng)求導(dǎo)致價(jià)格飆漲。
隨著物價(jià)持續(xù)走高，通脹已經(jīng)成為美國總統(tǒng)喬·拜登的一大政治難題。民意調(diào)查公司蓋洛普（Gallup）的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，26%的美國人表示失業(yè)、通脹、整體經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況等經(jīng)濟(jì)問題是美國的首要問題。7%的受訪者特別指出通脹是美國當(dāng)下最緊迫的問題。
許多美國人似乎都將此歸咎于拜登，他的支持率在各個(gè)搖擺州都處于低位。他自己也將解決物價(jià)上漲問題列為關(guān)鍵議題，正在加倍努力緩解供應(yīng)鏈問題，釋放石油儲(chǔ)備，并提名杰羅姆·鮑威爾連任美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)（Federal Reserve）的主席。
不過，盡管美國的通脹率處于全球前列水平，但它遠(yuǎn)不是唯一受通脹影響的發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體。從2019年第三季度到今年同期，新西蘭和西班牙的通脹率均上升了2個(gè)百分點(diǎn)以上。（財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)）
譯者：萬志文
通貨膨脹近期對(duì)全球的大部分地區(qū)都造成了影響，但在過去幾個(gè)月里，美國卻成了受影響最嚴(yán)重的國家之一。
美國今年10月的年通脹率高達(dá)6.2%，目前物價(jià)漲幅已經(jīng)達(dá)到30多年來的最高水平。
根據(jù)皮尤研究中心（Pew Research Center）的一項(xiàng)研究，2021年第三季度，美國的年通脹率在受調(diào)查的46個(gè)國家中高居第八位。從2019年第三季度到今年同期，美國的通脹增幅也位居第三位，達(dá)到3.58個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。這一增幅僅次于巴西和土耳其，這兩個(gè)國家均為欠發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體，通脹率通常都高于美國。
今年感恩節(jié)前夕，食品價(jià)格全面上漲，美國人備受通脹的影響，尤其是貧困群體。根據(jù)聯(lián)合國糧食及農(nóng)業(yè)組織（United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization）的數(shù)據(jù)，全球糧食價(jià)格正在達(dá)到幾十年來的最高水平。至于半導(dǎo)體芯片、天然氣等其他商品，供應(yīng)鏈問題也使情況雪上加霜，供不應(yīng)求導(dǎo)致價(jià)格飆漲。
隨著物價(jià)持續(xù)走高，通脹已經(jīng)成為美國總統(tǒng)喬·拜登的一大政治難題。民意調(diào)查公司蓋洛普（Gallup）的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，26%的美國人表示失業(yè)、通脹、整體經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況等經(jīng)濟(jì)問題是美國的首要問題。7%的受訪者特別指出通脹是美國當(dāng)下最緊迫的問題。
許多美國人似乎都將此歸咎于拜登，他的支持率在各個(gè)搖擺州都處于低位。他自己也將解決物價(jià)上漲問題列為關(guān)鍵議題，正在加倍努力緩解供應(yīng)鏈問題，釋放石油儲(chǔ)備，并提名杰羅姆·鮑威爾連任美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)（Federal Reserve）的主席。
不過，盡管美國的通脹率處于全球前列水平，但它遠(yuǎn)不是唯一受通脹影響的發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體。從2019年第三季度到今年同期，新西蘭和西班牙的通脹率均上升了2個(gè)百分點(diǎn)以上。（財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)）
譯者：萬志文
Inflation has taken its toll on much of the world recently, but the United States has stood out as one of the most affected in the last few months.
With a 6.2% annual inflation rate in October, the U.S. is now seeing prices increase at the highest rate in more than 30 years.
According to a study by Pew Research Center, in the third quarter of 2021, the country had the eighth-highest annual inflation rate among 46 countries that were examined. The U.S. also had the third-highest increase in inflation, 3.58 percentage points, between the third quarter of 2019 and the same period this year. It trailed only Brazil and Turkey, both of which have less-developed economies that generally struggle with higher inflation rates more than the U.S.
Americans, especially the poor, have struggled with the effects of inflation as food prices have increased across the board in the run-up to Thanksgiving. Food prices globally are reaching their highest rates in decades, according to the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization. When it comes to other goods, such as semiconductor chips and natural gas, supply chain issues have also worsened the situation, sending prices higher as supply struggles to keep up with demand.
As prices continue to rise, inflation has become a political problem for President Joe Biden. According to the polling company Gallup, 26% of Americans say an economic concern such as unemployment, inflation, or the economy in general is the country’s top problem. Seven percent specifically pointed to inflation as the nation’s most pressing issue.
Many Americans appear to blame President Biden, whose approval rating is underwater in every battleground state. He in turn has made tackling price increases a key part of his agenda, doubling down on efforts to ease supply chain problems, releasing oil reserves, and nominating Jerome Powell to a second term as chair of the Federal Reserve.
Still, despite being an inflation "leader", the U.S. is far from the only developed economy being affected by it. Both New Zealand and Spain saw inflation rates increase more than 2 percentage points between the third quarter of 2019 and the same period this year.
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