NFT(非同質(zhì)化代幣)在2021年實現(xiàn)了突破式發(fā)展。但顯然,騙子也在該領(lǐng)域大發(fā)橫財。
區(qū)塊鏈數(shù)據(jù)平臺Chainalysis發(fā)布報告稱, 2021年全年,110名NFT交易者通過 “清洗交易”,人為地抬高NFT的價格,總共從買家處牟取了890萬美元的利益,而買家們則全然不覺。
當(dāng)NFT持有者在自己的兩個數(shù)字錢包之間進(jìn)行NFT交易時,所交易的NFT價格會提高。這種在同一個人的不同數(shù)字錢包之間進(jìn)行NFT提價交易的行為,就叫做清洗交易。其本質(zhì)是將自己持有的NFT以比常規(guī)市場價更高的價格“出售”給自己。然后這些持有者就可以再將這些漲了價的NFT以虛高的價格賣給他人。雖然此種騙局在NFT領(lǐng)域剛出現(xiàn)不久,但總地來說,類似的騙局在金融圈并不是什么新鮮事。早在1936年,美國就已頒布法律禁止這種做法。
那么,為什么NFT領(lǐng)域會出現(xiàn)這種騙局呢?
報告稱,因為NFT行業(yè)缺乏監(jiān)管,而且許多交易所只要求鏈接到買家和賣家的加密貨幣錢包(而無需驗明身份)。
但并不是所有進(jìn)行清洗交易的人都能獲利。該報告稱,除了以上提到的110名交易者累計賺取了數(shù)百萬美元以外,另外的152名交易者,從這一騙局中獲得的利潤甚至不足以支付 “油費”,即將NFT從一個錢包轉(zhuǎn)移到另一個錢包,加密貨幣交易平臺所收取的手續(xù)費。事實上,這152個賬戶共損失約41.6萬美元。簡而言之,只有少數(shù)幾個持幣大戶通過清洗交易獲得了可觀的利潤。
但清洗交易的筆數(shù)龐大,表明NFT市場目前應(yīng)對非法行為的能力還遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不足。報告稱,僅一名用戶就執(zhí)行了830次清洗交易,而且這還可能是低估了的數(shù)字。
該報告稱,監(jiān)管機構(gòu)和NFT交易平臺都還沒有采取任何針對清洗交易的打擊措施,因此其仍然是NFT市場的一個“值得關(guān)注的領(lǐng)域”。NFT市場2021年的交易總額超過440億美元,出現(xiàn)了顯著增長。(財富中文網(wǎng))
NFT(非同質(zhì)化代幣)在2021年實現(xiàn)了突破式發(fā)展。但顯然,騙子也在該領(lǐng)域大發(fā)橫財。
區(qū)塊鏈數(shù)據(jù)平臺Chainalysis發(fā)布報告稱, 2021年全年,110名NFT交易者通過 “清洗交易”,人為地抬高NFT的價格,總共從買家處牟取了890萬美元的利益,而買家們則全然不覺。
當(dāng)NFT持有者在自己的兩個數(shù)字錢包之間進(jìn)行NFT交易時,所交易的NFT價格會提高。這種在同一個人的不同數(shù)字錢包之間進(jìn)行NFT提價交易的行為,就叫做清洗交易。其本質(zhì)是將自己持有的NFT以比常規(guī)市場價更高的價格“出售”給自己。然后這些持有者就可以再將這些漲了價的NFT以虛高的價格賣給他人。雖然此種騙局在NFT領(lǐng)域剛出現(xiàn)不久,但總地來說,類似的騙局在金融圈并不是什么新鮮事。早在1936年,美國就已頒布法律禁止這種做法。
那么,為什么NFT領(lǐng)域會出現(xiàn)這種騙局呢?
報告稱,因為NFT行業(yè)缺乏監(jiān)管,而且許多交易所只要求鏈接到買家和賣家的加密貨幣錢包(而無需驗明身份)。
但并不是所有進(jìn)行清洗交易的人都能獲利。該報告稱,除了以上提到的110名交易者累計賺取了數(shù)百萬美元以外,另外的152名交易者,從這一騙局中獲得的利潤甚至不足以支付 “油費”,即將NFT從一個錢包轉(zhuǎn)移到另一個錢包,加密貨幣交易平臺所收取的手續(xù)費。事實上,這152個賬戶共損失約41.6萬美元。簡而言之,只有少數(shù)幾個持幣大戶通過清洗交易獲得了可觀的利潤。
但清洗交易的筆數(shù)龐大,表明NFT市場目前應(yīng)對非法行為的能力還遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不足。報告稱,僅一名用戶就執(zhí)行了830次清洗交易,而且這還可能是低估了的數(shù)字。
該報告稱,監(jiān)管機構(gòu)和NFT交易平臺都還沒有采取任何針對清洗交易的打擊措施,因此其仍然是NFT市場的一個“值得關(guān)注的領(lǐng)域”。NFT市場2021年的交易總額超過440億美元,出現(xiàn)了顯著增長。(財富中文網(wǎng))
NFTs had a breakout year in 2021, but apparently so did NFT scammers.
By artificially inflating the prices of their NFTs, or non-fungible tokens, through a process called “wash trading,” 110 NFT traders netted a combined $8.9 million in profits from unsuspecting buyers in 2021, according to a report by blockchain data platform Chainalysis.
Wash trading is the process of raising the price of an NFT when one person is selling it between two of his or her own digital wallets—they essentially “sell” to themselves at a higher price than the NFT would fetch in the regular marketplace. They are then able to sell to someone else at a falsely higher price. And although this scam is now happening with NFTs, it’s nothing new to finance in general—the first U.S. law barring the practice was passed in 1936.
So why is it happening with NFTs?
Because there is a lack of regulation in the NFT industry, and because many NFT exchanges only require buyers and sellers to connect their crypto wallets (and not identify themselves), according to the report.
But not all wash traders are profiting. Apart from the 110 users that cumulatively earned millions from the practice, the report also identified 152 users whose profits from the scam weren’t even enough to cover the “gas” fees charged by NFT trading platforms. Gas fees come from transferring an NFT from one wallet to another. In fact, those 152 accounts lost about $416,000 combined. In short, only a few big players are bringing in substantial profits from the practice.
But the sheer number of these wash trades, which Chainalysis said is likely an undercount, shows the vulnerability the NFT market has at the moment to illicit actors. One user alone executed 830 wash trades, according to the report.
In the absence of a crackdown by either regulators or NFT trading platforms, the number of wash trades continues to be an “area of concern” for the NFT market, according to the report, which has undergone significant growth in the past year: It surpassed $44 billion in transactions in 2021.