據(jù)研究網(wǎng)站medRxiv在3月12日發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)新研究顯示,自今年1月以來,美國加州的一家實(shí)驗(yàn)室發(fā)現(xiàn)了兩例新冠病毒變體“德爾塔克戎”(Deltacron),這意味著美國可能已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了新變體。
美國疾控中心(U.S. Centers for Disease Control)下屬 Helix 實(shí)驗(yàn)室位于加州圣馬特奧,在對2021年11月到今年2月期間的近3萬份美國人新冠陽性樣本進(jìn)行測序時(shí),發(fā)現(xiàn)了兩例獨(dú)特的德爾塔和奧密克戎重組體。該研究發(fā)表在由耶魯大學(xué)(Yale University)和《英國醫(yī)學(xué)雜志》(The British Medical Journal)聯(lián)合創(chuàng)立的預(yù)印本服務(wù)器上,該論文尚未經(jīng)同行評審。
研究稱,德爾塔和奧密克戎重組體(具有德爾塔和奧密克戎變體特征的新型冠狀病毒基因組,被稱為重組體)非常罕見。該研究補(bǔ)充稱,還沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)該突變比高傳染性的奧密克戎更容易傳播的證據(jù)。
此外,該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了20例同時(shí)感染德爾塔和奧密克戎的病例,其中包括一例少量重組病毒感染病例。研究作者稱,目前正在審查的另一項(xiàng)研究中已經(jīng)報(bào)告了兩例混合感染病例。
塞浦路斯大學(xué)(University of Cyprus)的病毒學(xué)家萊昂迪奧斯·科斯特里基斯博士于1月7日宣布,已經(jīng)鑒定出幾種所謂的德爾塔克戎重組體。《自然》雜志(Nature)在1月21日刊登的《德爾塔克戎:并不是變體》(Deltacron: the story of the variant that wasn't)的文章宣稱,他的團(tuán)隊(duì)當(dāng)天將25個(gè)序列上傳至全球共享流感數(shù)據(jù)倡議組織(GISAID)數(shù)據(jù)庫,幾天后又上傳了27個(gè)序列,GISAID是一家追蹤新冠病毒和流感病毒變化的國際研究機(jī)構(gòu)。
次日,彭博社(Bloomberg)報(bào)道了這個(gè)消息。一夜之間,德爾塔克戎成了國際新聞。
然而,一些專家提醒道,德爾塔和奧密克戎重組病毒不可能這么快出現(xiàn)。多位專家堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為,發(fā)現(xiàn)的序列并不是重組體,序列很可能是實(shí)驗(yàn)室污染導(dǎo)致。
但是質(zhì)疑者錯(cuò)了。世界衛(wèi)生組織(World Health Organization)的新冠病毒技術(shù)負(fù)責(zé)人、傳染病流行病學(xué)家瑪麗亞·范·科爾霍夫博士在3月9日的媒體吹風(fēng)會上承認(rèn),確實(shí)存在德爾塔(也稱AY.4)和奧密克戎(也稱BA.1)的混合體。
她說,在法國、荷蘭和丹麥已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了突變,并補(bǔ)充稱發(fā)現(xiàn)的病毒量“非常少”,同時(shí)表示該突變并不令人意外。
“由于感染規(guī)模龐大,奧密克戎和德爾塔都導(dǎo)致了大量感染,新變體出現(xiàn)在意料之中?!彼f。
“病毒就是這樣,過一段時(shí)間就會變異?!?/p>
此外,新冠病毒正在逐漸感染動物,有可能傳回人類,造成更多的突變。
“所以,再強(qiáng)調(diào)一次,新冠疫情還遠(yuǎn)沒有結(jié)束?!彼f?!安荒茏尣《久土覀鞑ァ!?/p>
曾經(jīng)在哈佛大學(xué)(Harvard University)學(xué)習(xí)的科羅拉多學(xué)院(Colorado College)的微生物學(xué)教授菲比·洛斯特羅博士表示,病毒重組很常見??屏_拉多學(xué)院是位于科羅拉多斯普林斯的私立文理學(xué)院。
包括細(xì)菌、病毒、真菌和原生動物在內(nèi)的微生物“進(jìn)化得比人類快,因?yàn)槟軌蛟诜浅6痰臅r(shí)間內(nèi)繁殖?!彼f。
流感就是典型的例子。
“有趣的是,1918-1919年大流感已經(jīng)過去這么多年,之后每一次全球性(流感)疫情中,病毒都至少帶一些當(dāng)年的基因?!彼f。
作者聲稱,Helix研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)基本不可能因?yàn)槲廴净蚣夹g(shù)人為因素,他們引用了不同日期對混合染樣本的重新測序和處理流程,還有其他證據(jù)。
3月8日發(fā)表在《臨床調(diào)查雜志》(The Journal of Clinical Investigation)的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),有證據(jù)表明,西班牙五名完全接種疫苗的新冠肺炎患者感染了2020年年底席卷英國的阿爾法變體毒株,該變體具有德爾塔+(Delta Plus)、約塔 (Iota)和奧密克戎的特征。
目前,“德爾塔克戎”只是媒體用詞??茖W(xué)家們還沒有正式命名。世界衛(wèi)生組織和美國疾控中心均未將其列為受關(guān)注的變體。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:梁宇
審校:夏林
據(jù)研究網(wǎng)站medRxiv在3月12日發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)新研究顯示,自今年1月以來,美國加州的一家實(shí)驗(yàn)室發(fā)現(xiàn)了兩例新冠病毒變體“德爾塔克戎”(Deltacron),這意味著美國可能已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了新變體。
美國疾控中心(U.S. Centers for Disease Control)下屬 Helix 實(shí)驗(yàn)室位于加州圣馬特奧,在對2021年11月到今年2月期間的近3萬份美國人新冠陽性樣本進(jìn)行測序時(shí),發(fā)現(xiàn)了兩例獨(dú)特的德爾塔和奧密克戎重組體。該研究發(fā)表在由耶魯大學(xué)(Yale University)和《英國醫(yī)學(xué)雜志》(The British Medical Journal)聯(lián)合創(chuàng)立的預(yù)印本服務(wù)器上,該論文尚未經(jīng)同行評審。
研究稱,德爾塔和奧密克戎重組體(具有德爾塔和奧密克戎變體特征的新型冠狀病毒基因組,被稱為重組體)非常罕見。該研究補(bǔ)充稱,還沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)該突變比高傳染性的奧密克戎更容易傳播的證據(jù)。
此外,該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了20例同時(shí)感染德爾塔和奧密克戎的病例,其中包括一例少量重組病毒感染病例。研究作者稱,目前正在審查的另一項(xiàng)研究中已經(jīng)報(bào)告了兩例混合感染病例。
塞浦路斯大學(xué)(University of Cyprus)的病毒學(xué)家萊昂迪奧斯·科斯特里基斯博士于1月7日宣布,已經(jīng)鑒定出幾種所謂的德爾塔克戎重組體?!蹲匀弧冯s志(Nature)在1月21日刊登的《德爾塔克戎:并不是變體》(Deltacron: the story of the variant that wasn't)的文章宣稱,他的團(tuán)隊(duì)當(dāng)天將25個(gè)序列上傳至全球共享流感數(shù)據(jù)倡議組織(GISAID)數(shù)據(jù)庫,幾天后又上傳了27個(gè)序列,GISAID是一家追蹤新冠病毒和流感病毒變化的國際研究機(jī)構(gòu)。
次日,彭博社(Bloomberg)報(bào)道了這個(gè)消息。一夜之間,德爾塔克戎成了國際新聞。
然而,一些專家提醒道,德爾塔和奧密克戎重組病毒不可能這么快出現(xiàn)。多位專家堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為,發(fā)現(xiàn)的序列并不是重組體,序列很可能是實(shí)驗(yàn)室污染導(dǎo)致。
但是質(zhì)疑者錯(cuò)了。世界衛(wèi)生組織(World Health Organization)的新冠病毒技術(shù)負(fù)責(zé)人、傳染病流行病學(xué)家瑪麗亞·范·科爾霍夫博士在3月9日的媒體吹風(fēng)會上承認(rèn),確實(shí)存在德爾塔(也稱AY.4)和奧密克戎(也稱BA.1)的混合體。
她說,在法國、荷蘭和丹麥已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了突變,并補(bǔ)充稱發(fā)現(xiàn)的病毒量“非常少”,同時(shí)表示該突變并不令人意外。
“由于感染規(guī)模龐大,奧密克戎和德爾塔都導(dǎo)致了大量感染,新變體出現(xiàn)在意料之中。”她說。
“病毒就是這樣,過一段時(shí)間就會變異?!?/p>
此外,新冠病毒正在逐漸感染動物,有可能傳回人類,造成更多的突變。
“所以,再強(qiáng)調(diào)一次,新冠疫情還遠(yuǎn)沒有結(jié)束?!彼f?!安荒茏尣《久土覀鞑??!?/p>
曾經(jīng)在哈佛大學(xué)(Harvard University)學(xué)習(xí)的科羅拉多學(xué)院(Colorado College)的微生物學(xué)教授菲比·洛斯特羅博士表示,病毒重組很常見??屏_拉多學(xué)院是位于科羅拉多斯普林斯的私立文理學(xué)院。
包括細(xì)菌、病毒、真菌和原生動物在內(nèi)的微生物“進(jìn)化得比人類快,因?yàn)槟軌蛟诜浅6痰臅r(shí)間內(nèi)繁殖。”她說。
流感就是典型的例子。
“有趣的是,1918-1919年大流感已經(jīng)過去這么多年,之后每一次全球性(流感)疫情中,病毒都至少帶一些當(dāng)年的基因?!彼f。
作者聲稱,Helix研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)基本不可能因?yàn)槲廴净蚣夹g(shù)人為因素,他們引用了不同日期對混合染樣本的重新測序和處理流程,還有其他證據(jù)。
3月8日發(fā)表在《臨床調(diào)查雜志》(The Journal of Clinical Investigation)的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),有證據(jù)表明,西班牙五名完全接種疫苗的新冠肺炎患者感染了2020年年底席卷英國的阿爾法變體毒株,該變體具有德爾塔+(Delta Plus)、約塔 (Iota)和奧密克戎的特征。
目前,“德爾塔克戎”只是媒體用詞。科學(xué)家們還沒有正式命名。世界衛(wèi)生組織和美國疾控中心均未將其列為受關(guān)注的變體。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:梁宇
審校:夏林
The so-called "Deltacron" COVID variant appears to be present in the U.S., with two cases identified by a California-based lab since January, according to a new study published on March 12 to research site medRxiv.
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control-affiliated lab Helix, based in San Mateo, Calif., found two unique cases of Delta-Omicron hybrids when sequencing nearly 30,000 positive COVID samples obtained from U.S. individuals between November and February, according to the study, published to a preprint server for health sciences papers that haven't yet been peer reviewed, cofounded by Yale University and The British Medical Journal.
The Delta-Omicron hybrids—SARS-CoV-2 genomes with features of both Delta and Omicron variants of COVID, known as recombinants—are rare, according to the study, which added that there is no evidence such mutations spread more easily than the highly transmissible Omicron.
Additionally, the study identified 20 cases in which individuals were infected with both Delta and Omicron at the same time, including one such case that included a low level of recombinant virus. Two cases of coinfection have already been reported in another study currently under review, the study's authors stated.
Dr. Leondios Kostrikis, a virologist at the University of Cyprus, announced Jan. 7 that he had identified several so-called Deltacron recombinants. His team uploaded 25 of the sequences to GISAID, an international research organization that tracks changes in COVID and the flu virus, that day, and 27 more a few days later, according to a Jan. 21 Nature piece titled "Deltacron: the story of the variant that wasn't."
The next day, Bloomberg picked up the news. Overnight, the so-called Deltacron became an international story.
Not so fast, some experts cautioned, with many insisting that a recombinant hadn't been born, but that the sequences discovered were the likely product of laboratory contamination.
But the naysayers were wrong. World Health Organization COVID-19 technical lead Dr. Maria Van Kerkhove, an infectious disease epidemiologist, addressed the variant at a March 9 media briefing, acknowledging the existence of the blend of Delta, also known as AY.4, and Omicron, also known as BA.1.
It had been identified in France, the Netherlands, and Denmark, she said, adding that levels of detection were "very low" and that such mutations come as no surprise.
"This is something that is to be expected, given the large amount of circulation, the intense amount of circulation we saw with both Omicron and Delta," she said.
"This is what viruses do. They change over time."
Additionally, COVID is infecting animals, with possibility of infecting humans again, creating additional chances for mutations.
"So, again, this pandemic is far from over," she said. "We cannot allow this virus to spread at such an intense level."
The development of recombinants is common among viruses, said Dr. Phoebe Lostroh, a Harvard-trained microbiology professor at Colorado College, a private liberal arts college in Colorado Springs.
Microbes—which include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa—"evolve faster than we do because they can reproduce in such a short time," she said.
Case in point: the flu.
"The interesting thing is that every global (flu) pandemic since 1918 has had at least some genes from the flu pandemic of 1918-1919, all these years later," she said.
The Helix study's findings are highly unlikely to have been caused by contamination or technical artifacts, the authors asserted, citing resequencing and the processing of co-infected samples on different days, among other evidence.
A study published on March 8 in The Journal of Clinical Investigation found evidence of five fully vaccinated Spanish COVID patients with breakthrough infections of the Alpha variant, which swept the United Kingdom in late 2020, with features of the Delta Plus, Iota, and Omicron variants.
"Deltacron" is a media portmanteau. Scientists and have not yet officially named the variant. Neither the World Health Organization nor the CDC has named it a variant of concern.